【摘要】：日內(nèi)瓦世貿(mào)組織總部于2017年2月22日宣布《貿(mào)易便利化協(xié)定》正式生效,此次協(xié)定成為WTO成立以來第一份以促進(jìn)全球貿(mào)易為目的的正式協(xié)議。該協(xié)定的實(shí)施最主要的影響是降低交易成本,提高交易效率,而這兩點(diǎn)對于利潤較低的產(chǎn)品影響較為巨大。根據(jù)國際機(jī)構(gòu)測算,有效實(shí)施《協(xié)定》將使發(fā)展中國家成本降低13%-15.5%,最高可使發(fā)展中國家出口每年增9.9%(約5690億美元)。本文從利潤的角度出發(fā),結(jié)合我國投入產(chǎn)出表計(jì)算出我國42個(gè)行業(yè)的息稅前利潤率,對我國主要出口產(chǎn)品所在行業(yè)的息稅前利潤率進(jìn)行排名,將其中利潤率最低且出口比重較大的易腐食品以及紡織品作為典型的低利潤產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行研究,分析我國出口易腐食品以及紡織品的現(xiàn)狀及其主要出口國家或地區(qū),并以中國出口東盟的易腐食品以及中國出口美國的紡織品作為研究對象進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。首先基于貿(mào)易便利化總體指標(biāo),得出貿(mào)易便利化水平與中國出口東盟易腐食品、以及中國出口美國的紡織品都成正向關(guān)系,且在不同的貿(mào)易關(guān)系下,影響程度不同;其次在模型的基礎(chǔ)上模擬分析貿(mào)易便利化指數(shù)提升到世界平均水平分別會(huì)對中國出口東盟的易腐食品以及中國出口美國的紡織品貿(mào)易額的增加量,得出我國易腐食品以及低利潤產(chǎn)品的出口增加量比正常產(chǎn)品出口增加量要大,說明TFA的實(shí)施對低利潤產(chǎn)品的影響更大。最后根據(jù)我國的貿(mào)易便利化二級指數(shù),從海關(guān)港口合作、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)建設(shè)、貿(mào)易壁壘以及海關(guān)環(huán)境四個(gè)方面對我國實(shí)施TFA提出具有針對性的對策建議,建議我國充分利用TFA的實(shí)施,提升我國的通關(guān)效率,進(jìn)一步減少成本,全面促進(jìn)我國貿(mào)易的和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The WTO headquarters in Geneva announced the entry into force of the Agreement on Trade Facilitation on February 22, 2017, which became the first formal agreement for the purpose of promoting global trade since the establishment of the WTO. The main impact of the implementation of the agreement is to reduce transaction costs and improve transaction efficiency, which have a great impact on products with lower profits. According to estimates by international agencies, the effective implementation of the Agreement will reduce the costs of developing countries by 13 per cent to 15.5 per cent, with exports from developing countries increasing by 9.9 per cent per year (about US $569 billion). From the point of view of profit, combined with the input-output table of our country, this paper calculates the pre-interest and tax profit rate of 42 industries in our country, and ranks the pre-interest and tax profit rate of the main export products in our country. The perishable food and textiles, which have the lowest profit margin and a large proportion of exports, are studied as typical low-profit products, and the present situation of China's export of perishable food and textiles and its main export countries or regions are analyzed. China exports perishable food to ASEAN and American textiles as the object of empirical analysis. First of all, based on the overall indicators of trade facilitation, it is concluded that the level of trade facilitation is positively related to China's export of ASEAN perishable food and China's exports to the United States, and the degree of impact is different under different trade relations. Secondly, on the basis of the model, it is simulated and analyzed that the increase of trade facilitation index to the world average will increase the amount of perishable food exported by China to ASEAN and textile trade from China to the United States, respectively. It is concluded that the export increase of perishable food and low profit products in China is larger than that of normal products, which indicates that the implementation of TFA has a greater impact on low profit products. Finally, according to the secondary index of trade facilitation in China, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the implementation of TFA in China from four aspects: customs port cooperation, Internet construction, trade barriers and customs environment, and suggests that China should make full use of the implementation of TFA. Improve the efficiency of customs clearance in China, further reduce costs, and promote the harmonious development of trade in China in an all-round way.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F752.62;F744

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