【摘要】：改革開放初期我國就制定出口導向型發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,對外貿易的蓬勃發(fā)展為中國經濟的快速發(fā)展提供了強大的動力。隨著對外貿易總額的不斷擴大,對外貿易對我國GDP的增長也起著舉足輕重的作用。進入21世紀以來,全球化不斷加深,國際貿易日趨繁榮,各國也越來越看重在國際市場中的獲利狀況。貿易條件這一指標作為衡量某國在國際市場所獲利潤的指數成為各學者研究的重要內容。改革開放以來伴隨著出口導向型戰(zhàn)略到以質取勝再到科學發(fā)展觀在對外貿易戰(zhàn)略層面的歷次轉變,中國貿易條件也先后經歷了先改善后惡化的局面。特別是進入21世紀以來我國價格貿易條件的持續(xù)惡化引起了學者的強烈關注,但伴隨著惡化的同時是GDP的一路飆升、收入貿易條件、單要素貿易條件和雙要素貿易條件的改善,這種現象與我國獨特的經濟發(fā)展路徑有著怎樣的聯系?這些變化呈現哪些特點?引起這些變化的影響因素是怎樣改變的?等等這些問題都需要我們認真解答,以期為未來我國對外貿易的發(fā)展提供借鑒。貿易條件與一國的經濟發(fā)展方式有著直接的關系,而改革開放這一特殊的歷史時期對之后中國的經濟發(fā)展模式有著深刻的影響。本文以這一時間為起點刻畫了改革開放以來各類貿易條件的變動和走向,根據其所呈現的特點首先將其變遷過程分為三個階段：第一階段是貿易條件在波動中由改善轉為惡化(1978—1991)；第二階段貿易條件緩慢惡化(1992—1998)；第三階段貿易條件嚴重惡化(1999—2013),而后從經濟全球化和經濟發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略層面進行了經濟史的回顧和分析。分析認為30多年的市場化改革和外向性的經濟發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略使中國的貿易條件從總體上獲得了貿易利益,但這種貿易利益的獲得只反映了國家的靜態(tài)福利,并且潛藏危機,難以為繼。
[Abstract]:In the early stage of reform and opening up, China formulated the export-oriented development strategy, and the vigorous development of foreign trade provided a powerful driving force for the rapid development of China's economy. With the continuous expansion of foreign trade, foreign trade also plays an important role in the growth of GDP. Since the beginning of the 21st century, globalization has deepened, international trade has become more and more prosperous, and countries are paying more and more attention to the profit situation in the international market. Terms of trade as a measure of a country's profits in the international market has become an important content of scholars. Since the reform and opening up, China's terms of trade have experienced a situation of first improvement and then deterioration, along with the successive changes from export-oriented strategy to quality winning and then to scientific development view in the foreign trade strategic level. Especially in the 21st century, the continuous deterioration of China's price terms of trade has aroused strong concern of scholars, but along with the deterioration is the soaring GDP, income terms of trade, single factor terms of trade and the improvement of the terms of trade of two factors. What is the connection between this phenomenon and China's unique economic development path? What are the characteristics of these changes? How do the factors that cause these changes change? And so on these questions all need us to answer earnestly, in order to provide the reference for the future development of our country's foreign trade. The terms of trade have a direct relationship with the mode of economic development of a country, and the reform and opening up, a special historical period, has a profound impact on the mode of economic development of China after that. Taking this time as a starting point, this paper describes the changes and trends of various terms of trade since the reform and opening up. According to its characteristics, it is divided into three stages: the first stage is that the terms of trade change from improvement to deterioration in fluctuation (1978-1991); In the second stage, the terms of trade deteriorated slowly (1992-1998); in the third stage, the terms of trade deteriorated seriously (1999-2013), and then the economic history was reviewed and analyzed from the aspects of economic globalization and economic development strategy. It is concluded that the market-oriented reform and the outward economic development strategy of more than 30 years have made China's terms of trade gain trade benefits on the whole, but the gains of this kind of trade benefits only reflect the static welfare of the country, and there is a latent crisis. difficult to continue
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F752

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