發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-12 11:56

【摘要】：隨著人類經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展和進(jìn)步,環(huán)境保護(hù)越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重地表現(xiàn)出與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之間的矛盾,大量排放溫室氣體會(huì)引起溫室效應(yīng),導(dǎo)致全球變暖、地球上存在的病蟲(chóng)害增加、海平面上升以及氣候異常等其他一系列各種問(wèn)題。人們漸漸開(kāi)始認(rèn)識(shí)到溫室效應(yīng)給我們帶來(lái)的危害,越來(lái)越多的國(guó)際組織、國(guó)家(地區(qū))開(kāi)始采取各種措施,以減少溫室氣體給我們帶來(lái)的傷害。 我國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易大多是依賴傳統(tǒng)的高耗能、高碳排放的產(chǎn)業(yè),從而缺乏與歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的實(shí)力。一旦又被征收了碳關(guān)稅,我國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易將遭受到非常大的影響。面對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下征收碳關(guān)稅這一全新挑戰(zhàn),我國(guó)也應(yīng)盡早對(duì)碳關(guān)稅對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的影響及我國(guó)的對(duì)策問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。 本文主要從三個(gè)創(chuàng)新方面來(lái)研究碳關(guān)稅對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的影響及我國(guó)的對(duì)策問(wèn)題：第一,本文擬借用古諾模型完善碳關(guān)稅的概況；第二,本文采用辯證的觀點(diǎn)看待碳關(guān)稅,既看到了碳關(guān)稅對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的不利影響,也強(qiáng)調(diào)了其有利影響；第三,本文從碳關(guān)稅對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的影響入手,選題方面比較創(chuàng)新。 圍繞上述三個(gè)創(chuàng)新方面,本文首先介紹了論文的研究背景及意義,系統(tǒng)梳理國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)及研究現(xiàn)狀,接著從碳關(guān)稅概況和我國(guó)碳排放及對(duì)外貿(mào)易的現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),借用古諾模型具體分析碳關(guān)稅,完善碳關(guān)稅的概況,即假定兩個(gè)出口國(guó)和一個(gè)進(jìn)口國(guó),兩個(gè)出口國(guó)的出口廠商在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,既會(huì)產(chǎn)生區(qū)域性排放,又會(huì)產(chǎn)生跨界排放,又結(jié)合一個(gè)兩階段的博弈模型,分析征收碳關(guān)稅以后貿(mào)易環(huán)境的變化,據(jù)此求解出進(jìn)口國(guó)在社會(huì)福利最大化條件下的最優(yōu)差別碳關(guān)稅稅率以及兩出口國(guó)的出口廠商在進(jìn)口國(guó)市場(chǎng)追求利潤(rùn)最大化條件下的市場(chǎng)均衡產(chǎn)量。并以此為基礎(chǔ),分析碳關(guān)稅對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的影響,從國(guó)際視角和國(guó)內(nèi)視角兩方面提出我國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)碳關(guān)稅的對(duì)策與建議,以期對(duì)有關(guān)部門的決策提供有益的思路。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and progress of human economy and society, the contradiction between environmental protection and economic development is becoming more and more serious. A large amount of greenhouse gas emissions will cause Greenhouse Effect, cause global warming, and increase the number of diseases and pests on the earth. Sea level rise and climate anomalies and a range of other problems. People are beginning to realize the harm that Greenhouse Effect brings to us, and more international organizations, countries and regions are taking various measures to reduce the harm caused by greenhouse gases. China's foreign trade mostly depends on traditional industries with high energy consumption and high carbon emissions, so it lacks the strength to compete with developed countries such as Europe and America. Once the carbon tariff has been levied, China's foreign trade will be greatly affected. In the face of the new challenge of levying carbon tariff under the background of low carbon economy, our country should also study the influence of carbon tariff on international trade and the countermeasures of our country as soon as possible. This paper mainly studies the impact of carbon tariff on international trade from three aspects of innovation and the countermeasures of our country: first, this paper uses Cournot model to perfect the general situation of carbon tariff; second, this paper takes a dialectical view of carbon tariff. It not only sees the adverse effect of carbon tariff on China's foreign trade, but also emphasizes its beneficial effect. Thirdly, this paper starts with the impact of carbon tariff on international trade, and the topic is more innovative. Focusing on the above three innovative aspects, this paper first introduces the research background and significance of the paper, systematically combing the domestic and foreign literature and research status, then starting from the general situation of carbon tariff and the current situation of China's carbon emissions and foreign trade. By using the Cournot model to analyze carbon tariffs and improve the general situation of carbon tariffs, it is assumed that two exporting countries and one importing country, the exporters of two exporting countries, will produce both regional and transboundary emissions in the production process. Combined with a two-stage game model, this paper analyzes the changes in the trading environment after carbon tariffs are levied. The optimal differential carbon tariff rate for importing countries under the condition of maximization of social welfare and the market equilibrium output under the condition of maximizing profits in the market of the two exporting countries are obtained. On this basis, this paper analyzes the impact of carbon tariffs on China's foreign trade, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for China to deal with carbon tariffs from both the international and domestic perspectives, in order to provide useful ideas for the relevant departments to make decisions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F752.5;F752.6

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本文編號(hào)：2238926