本文選題：邊民 + 走私��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：走私是一種跨越國(guó)界的違法犯罪行為,是國(guó)際社會(huì)共同打擊的對(duì)象。打擊走私絕不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題,而且事關(guān)改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定的大局。尤其是在西藏邊疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū),堅(jiān)持不懈地開展反走私斗爭(zhēng),既是保持國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展的重要條件,也是維護(hù)國(guó)家和人民利益的根本要求。拉薩海關(guān)作為邊民互市貿(mào)易的監(jiān)督管理機(jī)關(guān)和打擊走私的執(zhí)法部門,其對(duì)邊民走私的治理,關(guān)系到海關(guān)職能作用的發(fā)揮,關(guān)系到邊境地區(qū)正常的進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易秩序,關(guān)系到西藏邊疆地區(qū)安定團(tuán)結(jié)的大好局面。但受地理環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、邊民意識(shí)程度的限制,拉薩海關(guān)在邊民治理方面面臨許多難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。結(jié)合黨的十八大把“提高國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化”作為深化改革的總體目標(biāo)和習(xí)近平總書記提出的“治國(guó)必治邊,治邊先穩(wěn)藏”的指示,拉薩海關(guān)希望在對(duì)邊民走私治理問(wèn)題上轉(zhuǎn)變思維,有所作為。本文以拉薩海關(guān)對(duì)邊民走私治理難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題為研究對(duì)象,以公共政策理論為指導(dǎo),綜合運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)研究、調(diào)查研究和系統(tǒng)研究法,在對(duì)西藏地區(qū)邊境口岸邊民走私物品種類、走私原因、走私產(chǎn)生的危害和拉薩海關(guān)治理措施進(jìn)行調(diào)研基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)拉薩海關(guān)邊民走私治理模式進(jìn)行了概述;分析查找了當(dāng)前拉薩海關(guān)在治理邊民走私問(wèn)題中面臨的反走私綜合治理成員單位配合不協(xié)調(diào)、相關(guān)政策落實(shí)不到位、海關(guān)查緝管控力量嚴(yán)重不足、邊民走私行為界定難以及走私活動(dòng)屢禁不止5個(gè)方面的原因;并逐一分析形成問(wèn)題的5個(gè)原因,即主客觀因素造成邊民走私活動(dòng)屢禁不止、地方政府績(jī)效考核不科學(xué)、走私治理缺乏激勵(lì)機(jī)制、海關(guān)把關(guān)服務(wù)職能作用難以發(fā)揮、目前重實(shí)體輕程序法制觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變以及和周邊國(guó)家對(duì)外貿(mào)易不發(fā)達(dá)的原因;從構(gòu)建西藏乃至全國(guó)邊疆地區(qū)治理框架、落實(shí)政府統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、健全海關(guān)走私治理主要職能、完善打擊走私的法律制度、堅(jiān)持相結(jié)合的5個(gè)方面,有針對(duì)性地提出了拉薩海關(guān)邊民走私治理的現(xiàn)實(shí)建設(shè)路徑,從而為構(gòu)建符合西藏邊境地區(qū)實(shí)際的邊民走私治理體系,加強(qiáng)海關(guān)度邊境地區(qū)進(jìn)出境貨物管理、人員管理工作提供參考和借鑒,為加強(qiáng)對(duì)邊民互市貿(mào)易管理和打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)提供理論支持。
[Abstract]:Smuggling is an illegal and criminal act across national boundaries and is the object of joint attack by the international community. Cracking down on smuggling is not only an economic problem, but also a matter of reform, development and stability. Especially in the ethnic minority areas of Tibet's border areas, unswervingly carrying out the struggle against smuggling is not only an important condition for maintaining the healthy development of the national economy, but also a fundamental requirement for safeguarding the interests of the state and the people. The Lhasa Customs, as the supervision and administration organ of the border people's trade and the law enforcement department to crack down on smuggling, has a bearing on the exertion of the functions of the customs and the normal order of import and export trade in the border areas. It is related to the excellent situation of stability and unity in Tibet border area. However, due to the restriction of geographical environment, economic development level and the consciousness of border people, Lhasa Customs is faced with many difficult problems in the management of border people. Combined with the party's 18th National Congress "improving the National Governance system and Modernization of Governance capability" as the overall goal of deepening reform and the directive of General Secretary Xi Jinping that "governing the country must be ruled, the government must first stabilize Tibet," Lhasa Customs hopes to change its thinking and make some progress on the issue of border smuggling. This paper takes Lhasa customs as the research object, takes the public policy theory as the guidance, synthetically uses the literature research, the investigation research and the system research method, in the Tibet border port border people smuggling goods kind, the article takes the Lhasa customs as the research object. On the basis of investigation and investigation on the reasons of smuggling, the harm caused by smuggling and the measures of controlling the customs in Lhasa, the paper summarizes the mode of the smuggling of border people in Lhasa. This paper analyzes and finds out that the current Lhasa Customs has been faced with the coordination and incoordination of the anti-smuggling comprehensive management member units in dealing with border smuggling problems, the implementation of relevant policies is not in place, and the customs investigation and control forces are seriously inadequate. It is difficult to define the smuggling behavior of the border people and the reasons for the repeated prohibition of smuggling activities, and the five reasons for the formation of the problem are analyzed one by one, that is, the subjective and objective factors cause the smuggling activities of the border people to be banned repeatedly, and the performance evaluation of the local government is not scientific. The smuggling control lacks incentive mechanism, the function of customs control service is difficult to play, the change of the legal system concept of attaching importance to substance and procedure, and the reasons for the underdevelopment of foreign trade of neighboring countries, from the construction of the framework of governance in Tibet and even in the border areas of the whole country, Implementing the unified leadership of the government, improving the main functions of the customs smuggling administration, perfecting the legal system for combating smuggling, insisting on the five aspects of combining them, and putting forward the practical construction path for the administration of smuggling by the border people of Lhasa Customs. This will provide a reference and reference for the construction of a border smuggling control system in line with the actual situation in the Tibet border area, the strengthening of the management of inbound and outbound goods and personnel management in the border area of the customs. It provides theoretical support for strengthening trade management and cracking down on illegal and criminal activities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F752.57

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本文編號(hào)：1923036