本文選題：B2C + 電子商務企業(yè)　； 參考：《河北師范大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：信息時代,電子商務作為一種新的經(jīng)濟活動方式,它突破了時間與空間的限制。對企業(yè)而言,不僅實現(xiàn)了與顧客隨時隨地的信息交流,也提高了其經(jīng)營水平。同時,也深刻影響并改變了人們的消費行為與生活方式。本文以經(jīng)濟地理學與信息地理學思想為基礎,以B2C模式下電子商務企業(yè)的發(fā)展過程為切入點,從地理空間與網(wǎng)絡空間的視角分析了電商企業(yè)的空間擴張態(tài)勢。在此基礎上,以天貓平臺中的入駐店鋪為研究對象,利用變異系數(shù)、區(qū)位熵、空間自相關模型等空間分析方法,從不同維度、不同層次揭示了網(wǎng)絡店鋪的時空分布特征。證明了網(wǎng)絡零售業(yè)仍然遵循傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟地理學理論,但也表現(xiàn)出了明顯的差異性、復雜性與變化性。研究表明：(1)中國B2C電子商務企業(yè)經(jīng)歷了由醞釀萌芽、調整起步到緩慢發(fā)展、高速成長再到平穩(wěn)成熟的五個基本階段,可以看出,任何一種新形式的經(jīng)濟活動都是一個不斷變化與發(fā)展的過程。B2C網(wǎng)站的倒閉停業(yè)、兼并收購、上市合作等各種事態(tài),不僅體現(xiàn)了電商企業(yè)之間的激烈競爭與優(yōu)勝劣汰,也完善了電子商務生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。同時,深刻影響了傳統(tǒng)線下企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)與經(jīng)營方式,有力證明了信息技術這一因素在企業(yè)經(jīng)濟活動中所起的變革性和決定性作用。(2)中國B2C電子商務企業(yè)在地理空間中以橫向延伸為主,主要表現(xiàn)為建設倉儲物流基地、開啟跨境電子商務和培育農村服務站點；而在網(wǎng)絡空間中則突出縱向擴展,以轉變網(wǎng)站運營模式、擴充商品品類以及發(fā)展移動終端市場為代表。如阿里巴巴啟動“千縣萬村”計劃；京東、當當實現(xiàn)了從垂直到綜合、自營到自營+平臺模式的轉變�？梢哉f,B2C電子商務企業(yè)的發(fā)展貫穿于整個地理空間與網(wǎng)絡空間中且兩者相互融合、共同發(fā)展。(3)天貓平臺中入駐店鋪具有明顯的時空分布規(guī)律。從時間維度看,天貓店鋪空間分布范圍不斷擴大,且密度不斷增加,尤以黃河、長江中游地區(qū)及大西南地區(qū)變化最為強烈,其省域年均增長率普遍較高。從空間維度看,省域層面上,整體上空間分布不平衡,呈現(xiàn)出由東南沿海向西北內陸遞減的趨勢。同時,西北及東北地區(qū)省份空間分布差異大,離散程度高,集聚性強；東部沿海省份內部空間分布相對均衡,離散程度較弱,以浙江省最為典型。市域層面上,以省會城市為代表,形成了以蘇滬杭城市群、廣深城市群為核心,以首都經(jīng)濟圈、成渝經(jīng)濟圈、武漢城市圈為主體的“兩核三圈”分布格局,表現(xiàn)出了明顯的等級特征。(4)在不同空間尺度上,天貓店鋪的集聚特征表現(xiàn)出明顯的差異性、復雜性和變化性。從省域層面看,天貓店鋪在全局空間自相關中具有顯著的正的空間集聚性,同時,隨著時間的推移表現(xiàn)出逐漸弱化的趨勢；在局部空間自相關中,東部沿海省份以HH型為主,絕大多數(shù)中西部省份則以LL型為主,且具有高度的穩(wěn)定性。從市域層面看,天貓店鋪的空間集聚性雖表現(xiàn)的并不明顯,但有進一步增強的趨勢；局部空間集聚特征所表現(xiàn)出的不平衡現(xiàn)象,不僅體現(xiàn)在各區(qū)域之間也體現(xiàn)在區(qū)域內部的城市之間。總體上,經(jīng)濟相對發(fā)達的東南沿海地區(qū),其空間集聚作用范圍明顯擴大,且表現(xiàn)出較強的一體化發(fā)展特征；而經(jīng)濟相對落后的中西部地區(qū),其LL和HL集聚型城市明顯增加,呈現(xiàn)出較強的空間極化特征。(5)不同類別的天貓店鋪,區(qū)位傾向不同且空間差異顯著。從店鋪所屬行業(yè)看,以勞動力密集型為主的鞋服箱包類店鋪傾向布局在黃河、長江中游地區(qū),以中、東部省份的次中心城市或典型的特色產(chǎn)業(yè)城市為主,但省區(qū)內部空間差異顯著。以資本技術密集型為主的數(shù)碼家電類店鋪,集中分布在東部沿海經(jīng)濟發(fā)達的城市中,以深圳、上海、北京、杭州、廣州為代表。以區(qū)域原料為主的食品茶酒類店鋪,整體空間分布廣泛,但明顯傾向于在大西南、大西北地區(qū)布局,特產(chǎn)類店鋪具有鮮明的地域特征。從空間范圍看,同一類店鋪在省域、市域層面中的區(qū)位傾向與集中程度也有所不同,說明網(wǎng)絡店鋪的整體分布狀況并不能完全反映其內部的區(qū)位特征。
[Abstract]:In the information age, as a new way of economic activity, e-commerce has broken through the restriction of time and space. For enterprises, it not only realizes information exchange with customers anytime and anywhere, but also improves its management level. At the same time, it also profoundly affects and changes people's consumption behavior and way of life. This article is based on economic geography and information. On the basis of geography and the development process of e-commerce enterprises under B2C model, the spatial expansion of e-commerce enterprises is analyzed from the perspective of geographic space and network space. On this basis, the spatial analysis of the resident stores in the Tmall platform is taken as the research object, using the spatial analysis of variation coefficient, location entropy, spatial autocorrelation model and so on. Methods, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of network shops are revealed from different dimensions and different levels. It is proved that the network retail industry still follows the traditional economic geography theory, but also shows obvious differences, complexity and variability. (1) China's B2C e-commerce enterprises have experienced the germination, the adjustment started to the slow development. The five basic stages of the exhibition, high speed growth and smooth maturity can be seen that any new form of economic activity is a continuous change and development of the process of.B2C web site failure, merger and acquisition, listed cooperation and other events, not only embodies the fierce competition and survival of the survival of the survival of the fittest, but also improved electronic business. At the same time, it has a profound influence on the production and management of enterprises under the traditional line, which strongly proves the change and decisive role of the factor of information technology in the economic activities of enterprises. (2) the B2C e-commerce enterprises in China are mainly in the horizontal extension in the geographical space, mainly as the construction of warehousing logistics base and opening. The cross-border e-commerce and the cultivation of rural service sites; while in the network space, the vertical expansion is highlighted to change the operation mode of the website, expand the commodity category and develop the mobile terminal market. For example, the Alibaba launched the "thousand County village" plan; the Jingdong, Dangdang realized the model from vertical to comprehensive, self-management to self-management + platform. It can be said that the development of B2C e-commerce enterprises runs through the whole geographical space and network space and the two are integrated and developed together. (3) the distribution of stores in the Tmall platform has obvious temporal and spatial distribution. From the time dimension, the spatial distribution of Tmall stores is not broken, and the density is increasing, especially in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. From the spatial dimension, the overall spatial distribution is uneven, showing a trend of decreasing from the southeast coast to the northwest inland. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution of the northwest and northeast provinces is large, the degree of dispersion is high, and the concentration is strong. The spatial distribution of the internal space in the coastal provinces is relatively balanced and the degree of dispersion is weak, which is the most typical in Zhejiang province. On the level of the city, the province is represented by the provincial capital city, forming the distribution pattern of "two nuclear three circles" with the capital economic circle, the Chengdu Chongqing economic circle and the Wuhan city circle as the core, and the distribution pattern of the "three circles" with the capital economic circle, the Chengdu Chongqing economic circle and the city circle as the main body. (4) at different spatial scales, the characteristics of Tmall stores are distinct, complex and variable. From the provincial level, Tmall stores have significant positive spatial agglomeration in the global spatial autocorrelation, while the trend of gradual weakening over time, and the autocorrelation in local space. In the eastern coastal provinces, the majority of the central and western provinces are mainly HH, and the vast majority of the central and western provinces are mainly LL and have high stability. From the level of the city, the spatial agglomeration of Tmall stores is not obvious, but there is a trend of further enhancement; the imbalance in the characteristics of local spatial agglomeration is not only reflected in the various regions. In the southeast coastal areas of the relatively developed economy, the scope of its spatial agglomeration is obviously enlarged and the characteristics of the integration development are strong. In the middle and western regions with relatively backward economy, the LL and the HL agglomeration cities are obviously increased, showing a strong spatial polarization characteristic. (5) no Similar to other Tmall stores, the location tendency is different and the spatial difference is significant. From the store industry, the layout of the shoes and suitcases is mainly located in the Yellow River, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the central cities in the eastern provinces, or the typical characteristic industrial cities, but the spatial differences in the provinces are remarkable. Technology intensive digital electrical appliances shops are mainly distributed in the economically developed eastern coastal cities, with Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou and Guangzhou as the representative. The food tea and wine shops with regional raw materials are widely distributed in a wide range, but are obviously inclined to be located in the southwest, the northwest region, and the special products stores are distinct. Regional characteristics. From the spatial scope, the location tendency and concentration degree of the same kind of shops in the provincial and municipal level are also different, which shows that the overall distribution of the network stores does not fully reflect the regional characteristics.

【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F724.6;F274

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本文編號：1851649