本文選題：中國(guó)新西蘭 + 自由貿(mào)易區(qū)��； 參考：《上海海關(guān)學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：2008年10月1日,中國(guó)-新西蘭自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定正式生效,雙邊貿(mào)易額得到快速增長(zhǎng),從2008年的44億美元增長(zhǎng)到2015年的115.1億美元,年均增幅達(dá)到了14.7%。同時(shí),中國(guó)已經(jīng)連續(xù)3年成為新西蘭第一大貨物貿(mào)易伙伴和第一大出口市場(chǎng),并連續(xù)5年成為新西蘭第一大進(jìn)口來(lái)源地。本著互利共贏的原則,2016年11月20日,在秘魯利馬舉行的APEC領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)議期間,中國(guó)商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)高虎城與新西蘭貿(mào)易部長(zhǎng)麥克萊共同宣布正式啟動(dòng)中國(guó)-新西蘭自貿(mào)協(xié)定升級(jí)談判,其中第一輪談判將于2017年上半年舉行。在此背景下,本文回顧了已經(jīng)實(shí)施多年的中新自貿(mào)協(xié)定,研究了自貿(mào)區(qū)關(guān)稅減讓的實(shí)施效果,努力尋找進(jìn)一步深化兩國(guó)外貿(mào)合作的方法,并提出相關(guān)的意見(jiàn)和建議。本文主要通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)研究法、規(guī)范研究和實(shí)證研究相結(jié)合法、比較分析法等,首先闡述了中新自貿(mào)區(qū)和關(guān)稅減讓的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,與關(guān)稅減讓、自由貿(mào)易區(qū)和原產(chǎn)地規(guī)則的基本理論。其次,對(duì)中新兩國(guó)雙邊貿(mào)易情況進(jìn)行研究,兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作發(fā)展迅速,貿(mào)易額從2008年的44億美元增長(zhǎng)到2015年的115.1億美元,增長(zhǎng)了1.6倍。其中,利用貿(mào)易結(jié)合度指數(shù)分析,中國(guó)新西蘭兩國(guó)存在緊密的外貿(mào)聯(lián)系;利用貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力指數(shù)分析,中國(guó)的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)主要是勞動(dòng)密集型和資本密集型的工業(yè)制成品,而新西蘭的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)主要是資源密集型的初級(jí)產(chǎn)品。接著,研究了中新自貿(mào)區(qū)關(guān)稅減讓的實(shí)施效果,關(guān)稅削減促進(jìn)了雙邊貿(mào)易額快速增長(zhǎng),其中中國(guó)進(jìn)口額的增長(zhǎng)速明顯高于出口額的增長(zhǎng)速度,中國(guó)對(duì)新西蘭的貿(mào)易逆差不斷擴(kuò)大。同時(shí),不同的關(guān)稅減讓政策將帶來(lái)不同的效果。對(duì)于實(shí)施逐年降稅的商品,商品的進(jìn)口額將得到較快的增長(zhǎng);對(duì)于實(shí)施關(guān)稅國(guó)別配額的商品,商品的進(jìn)口額增長(zhǎng)將一定程度上受到配額的限制,進(jìn)口額增長(zhǎng)速度較慢;對(duì)于個(gè)別不實(shí)施降稅、仍然適用最惠國(guó)稅率的商品,由于未能享受到關(guān)稅減讓,進(jìn)口額增長(zhǎng)非常緩慢。此外,隨著自貿(mào)區(qū)實(shí)施時(shí)間的增加,中國(guó)企業(yè)在用好自貿(mào)區(qū)關(guān)稅優(yōu)惠政策方面做得越來(lái)越好,中國(guó)企業(yè)自新西蘭進(jìn)口商品的減免稅款額從2008年的623萬(wàn)元上升到2015年的26.6億,進(jìn)口優(yōu)惠利用率也從3.6%上升到45.8%,而受惠商品方面主要集中在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。然后,利用巴拉薩模型進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)中新自貿(mào)區(qū)建立后,中國(guó)的區(qū)內(nèi)進(jìn)口需求收入彈性提高了0.03,表明中新自貿(mào)區(qū)使得中國(guó)自新西蘭進(jìn)口明顯增加,產(chǎn)生了一定的貿(mào)易創(chuàng)造效應(yīng)。同時(shí),中國(guó)的區(qū)外進(jìn)口需求收入彈性下降了0.02,表明中新自貿(mào)區(qū)使得中國(guó)自區(qū)外進(jìn)口有所減少,產(chǎn)生了一定的貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)移效應(yīng)。最后,本文得出了設(shè)置合理科學(xué)的關(guān)稅減讓模式、加強(qiáng)政策宣傳提高優(yōu)惠關(guān)稅利用率、加強(qiáng)雙邊貿(mào)易合作消除非關(guān)稅壁壘、優(yōu)化外貿(mào)出口結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)揮優(yōu)惠關(guān)稅促進(jìn)作用等建議。
[Abstract]:On October 1, 2008, the China-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement came into effect, and bilateral trade grew rapidly, from $4.4 billion in 2008 to $11.51 billion in 2015, an average annual growth rate of 14.7 percent. At the same time, China has become New Zealand's largest goods trading partner and export market for three consecutive years, and has become New Zealand's largest import source for five consecutive years. On the basis of the principle of mutual benefit and win-win situation, on November 20, 2016, during the APEC leaders' meeting held in Lima, Peru, Chinese Minister of Commerce Gao Hucheng and New Zealand Minister of Trade Mclay jointly announced the official launching of the China-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (FTA) upgrading negotiations. The first round of talks will be held in the first half of 2017. In this context, this paper reviews the China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement that has been implemented for many years, studies the effect of tariff concessions in the Free Trade area, tries to find ways to further deepen the cooperation between the two countries in foreign trade, and puts forward some relevant suggestions and suggestions. This article mainly through the literature research method, the standard research and the demonstration research union method, the comparative analysis method and so on, first elaborated the Sino-Singapore free trade area and the tariff concession domestic and foreign research present situation, and the tariff concession, The basic theory of free trade area and rules of origin. Second, a study of bilateral trade between China and New Zealand shows that bilateral economic and trade cooperation has developed rapidly, with the volume of trade increasing from US $4.4 billion in 2008 to US $11.51 billion in 2015, an increase of 1.6-fold. Among them, using the trade integration index analysis, China and New Zealand have close foreign trade ties; using the trade competitiveness index analysis, China's comparative advantage industries are mainly labor-intensive and capital-intensive manufactured goods. New Zealand's comparative advantage industries are mainly resource-intensive primary products. Then, the paper studies the effect of tariff reduction in China-Singapore Free Trade Zone. Tariff reduction has promoted the rapid growth of bilateral trade volume, in which the import volume of China is increasing faster than the growth rate of export volume. China's trade deficit with New Zealand is widening. At the same time, different tariff concessions will have different effects. The import value of commodities will increase rapidly for those commodities which are implemented to reduce tax year by year, and the increase of import value will be limited to a certain extent by quotas, and the growth rate of imports will be slower for those commodities subject to national tariff quotas. Imports have grown very slowly because of the lack of tariff concessions for commodities that are still subject to MFN rates for which tax cuts are not implemented. In addition, with the increase in the implementation time of the Free Trade Zone, Chinese enterprises are doing more and more well in using the preferential tariff policy in the Free Trade Zone. The amount of tax reduction and exemption for goods imported by Chinese enterprises from New Zealand has increased from 6.23 million yuan in 2008 to 2.66 billion in 2015. The utilization rate of import preference also increased from 3.6% to 45.8%, while the benefit of commodities was mainly concentrated in agricultural products. Then, by using the Barraza model, it is found that after the establishment of the China-Singapore Free Trade Zone, the domestic import demand income elasticity of China has increased by 0.03, indicating that the China-Singapore Free Trade Zone has made China's imports from New Zealand increase obviously. Has produced certain trade creation effect. At the same time, the income elasticity of China's external import demand has decreased by 0.02, which indicates that the China-Singapore Free Trade Zone has reduced China's imports outside the region and produced a certain effect of trade transfer. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions, such as setting up a reasonable and scientific tariff reduction model, strengthening policy propaganda to improve the utilization rate of preferential tariffs, strengthening bilateral trade cooperation to eliminate non-tariff barriers, and optimizing the structure of foreign trade exports to play a role in promoting preferential tariffs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海關(guān)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F752.7

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