本文選題：政府購買　切入點：養(yǎng)老服務(wù)　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：人口老齡化已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今社會影響深遠的趨勢,快速到來的老齡社會給我國政府、人民都帶來了多方面的負擔(dān)和壓力。預(yù)計到2050年,這個數(shù)據(jù)將達到4.83億,屆時每三個人中就有一個老年人。我國的養(yǎng)老問題備受國家、政府、人民等多方的關(guān)注。在整個養(yǎng)老體系中,養(yǎng)老服務(wù)關(guān)乎每一個老年人的服務(wù)需求。然而,中國養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的發(fā)展較之西方發(fā)達國家完善的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)還很薄弱。另外,隨著加快政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變的提出,管理型政府到服務(wù)型政府的過渡,政府開始注重購買服務(wù)。在這種情況下,政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)成為提供養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的新型模式。現(xiàn)階段,政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)還處于起步階段,雖然這種模式有一定的優(yōu)勢,但是運用于我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的水平上,出現(xiàn)了很多問題和困境。不同區(qū)域或是城鄉(xiāng)都有著較大的差異,發(fā)展較好的也只有東部沿海經(jīng)濟發(fā)達的城市或地區(qū),其他地區(qū)的發(fā)展僅僅停留于表面,并沒有深入發(fā)展。并且在政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的過程中也出現(xiàn)了一些問題,這些問題阻礙著養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的供給,所以研究我國政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀、問題以及根據(jù)問題提出相應(yīng)的對策建議很有必要。相比養(yǎng)老金、養(yǎng)老保險的研究,養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的研究非常有限,而對于政府購買服務(wù)的研究也僅僅涉及到大方面的公共服務(wù),像是某種特定服務(wù)購買的研究也很有限。那么,研究政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)可以指出現(xiàn)存試點中的問題,對今后政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)有指導(dǎo)意義。本文通過對文獻、二手數(shù)據(jù)以及具體案例的分析,闡述了政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀、困境和對策建議。本文還引入了英國的案例,分析了英國的政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的發(fā)展。英國作為西方發(fā)達國家,養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系以及政府購買服務(wù)都有著完善地發(fā)展。英國的政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)一直走在世界的前列,有一套較為完善的體系和機制,是世界上很多國家發(fā)展政府購買的樣本。從英國政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的案例中,得出相應(yīng)的經(jīng)驗,我國政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的發(fā)展可以適當(dāng)借鑒。本文正文分為六大部分,分別是第一部分緒論,包括本文的研究背景與意義、文獻綜述、工具選擇、創(chuàng)新與不足;第二部分我國政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀與前景,包括我國老齡化的狀況,社會養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系的構(gòu)建歷程,政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及發(fā)展前景;第三部分我國政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的困境分析,從購買主體三方困境闡述問題;第四部分英國政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的實踐經(jīng)驗,主要從均衡區(qū)域發(fā)展、系統(tǒng)的管理制度、發(fā)展良好的社會組織以及完善的監(jiān)督機制四個方面得出了經(jīng)驗;第五部分推進政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的對策建議,按照困境分析的框架給出了相應(yīng)的對策建議;第六部分結(jié)語,主要對本文進行總結(jié),提出創(chuàng)新點、局限性、以及今后應(yīng)該努力的方向。
[Abstract]:The aging of the population has become a far-reaching social trend today. The rapid arrival of an aging society has brought many burdens and pressures to our government and people. By 2050, this figure is expected to reach 483 million. By then, there will be one elderly person in every three people. The pension problem in our country is of great concern to the state, the government, the people, and so on. In the whole pension system, the old-age service is related to the service needs of every elderly person. However, The development of pension services in China is still very weak compared with the perfect pension services in western developed countries. In addition, with the proposal of speeding up the transformation of government functions, the transition from a management-oriented government to a service-oriented government, The government has begun to pay attention to the purchase of services. In this case, the purchase of old-age services by the government has become a new model for providing old-age services. At this stage, the government is still in its infancy in purchasing old-age services, although this model has certain advantages. But at the level of economic development in China, there have been many problems and difficulties. There are great differences in different regions or between urban and rural areas, and only cities or regions with developed eastern coastal economies have better development. The development of other regions only stays on the surface, and does not develop in depth. And there are also some problems in the process of government purchasing old-age care services, which hinder the supply of old-age care services. Therefore, it is necessary to study the current situation, problems and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions of our government in purchasing old-age care services. Compared with the research on pension and old-age insurance, the research on old-age services is very limited. However, the research on government purchase of services only involves a wide range of public services, such as the study of the purchase of certain specific services. Well, the study of government purchase of pension services can point out the problems in the existing pilot projects. Through the analysis of literature, second-hand data and specific cases, this paper expounds the current situation, difficulties and countermeasures of government purchasing old-age care services. This paper analyzes the development of the government purchase of pension services in Britain. As a western developed country, the pension service system and the government purchase service of the United Kingdom have developed perfectly. The British government has always been in the forefront of the world in the purchase of pension services. There is a relatively perfect system and mechanism, which is a sample for many countries in the world to develop government purchases. From the cases in which the British government buys old-age care services, we can draw the corresponding experience. The main body of this paper is divided into six parts: the first part is the introduction, including the research background and significance of this paper, literature review, tool selection, innovation and insufficiency; The second part is about the current situation and prospect of government purchase of old-age care services, including the aging situation of our country, the course of construction of social old-age service system, the development status and prospects of government purchase of old-age care services. The third part is the dilemma analysis of our government purchasing old-age service, expatiating the problem from the three-way dilemma of purchasing main body; 4th part of British government's practical experience of purchasing old-age service, mainly from balanced regional development, systematic management system, Four aspects of developing good social organization and perfect supervision mechanism are obtained: part 5th, the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the government to purchase old-age care services, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions according to the framework of predicament analysis; part 6th, the conclusion, This paper summarizes the innovation points, limitations, and the future direction of efforts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F719;F812.45;D669.6

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