本文選題：資源詛咒　切入點(diǎn)：進(jìn)出口　出處：《山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自然資源稟賦是一個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。赫克歇爾-俄林的要素稟賦理論認(rèn)為要素稟賦的豐裕與否決定了要素的價(jià)格不同,而要素價(jià)格的不同是國(guó)際間貿(mào)易的產(chǎn)生原因,因此每個(gè)國(guó)家應(yīng)專門(mén)生產(chǎn)密集使用本國(guó)豐裕生產(chǎn)要素的商品,以在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中獲利;大衛(wèi)李嘉圖的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論也倡導(dǎo)各國(guó)要生產(chǎn)具有生產(chǎn)優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)品,以便在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中贏得絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)和相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì),而自然資源的豐裕與否決定了一國(guó)的產(chǎn)品是否優(yōu)勢(shì)。一個(gè)國(guó)家在發(fā)展本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí),首先關(guān)注的也是本國(guó)的自然資源稟賦情況,優(yōu)先發(fā)展可開(kāi)發(fā)利用的豐裕資源相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè),以便積累優(yōu)勢(shì)進(jìn)而發(fā)展其他產(chǎn)業(yè),可以說(shuō)自然資源稟賦是一個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),自然資源稟賦對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的各個(gè)方面都具有深遠(yuǎn)的影響。自然資源稟賦,也即自然資源的豐裕情況,是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必需物質(zhì)條件。自然資源豐裕的地區(qū),會(huì)優(yōu)先發(fā)展與豐裕資源相關(guān)的產(chǎn)業(yè)和產(chǎn)品;自然資源貧乏的地區(qū),也必然會(huì)用其他資源替代貧乏自然資源以彌補(bǔ)不足,這促使自然資源稟賦分布不同地區(qū)形成了不同產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。因而,自然資源稟賦的豐裕與否在很大程度上決定了該地區(qū)的產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)也會(huì)影響地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的其他方面,例如:進(jìn)出口、城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程等。但自然資源稟賦對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的作用卻是雙重的。一方面豐裕的自然資源可以大力促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,但是在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到一定階段,自然資源卻是阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的因素,許多自然資源豐裕地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度反而不如自然資源貧乏的地區(qū),這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“資源詛咒”。中國(guó)在經(jīng)歷了三十多年的改革開(kāi)放后,經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展,其中自然資源開(kāi)發(fā)的貢獻(xiàn)不可小覷,但是,中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是否也出現(xiàn)了“詛咒”?國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者進(jìn)行了大量研究,眾多學(xué)者證實(shí)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在很大程度上存在資源詛咒;但同時(shí),也有學(xué)者也存在不同的看法,論證后認(rèn)為中國(guó)并未出現(xiàn)“資源詛咒”�！百Y源詛咒”問(wèn)題的討論眾說(shuō)紛紜,但絕大多數(shù)學(xué)者討論的關(guān)鍵僅在資源對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度的影響上,而并未關(guān)注其中經(jīng)濟(jì)的具體方面。因此本文試研究:對(duì)于中國(guó)而言,自然資源稟賦對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的微觀具體方面,例如進(jìn)出口、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、城鎮(zhèn)化等,會(huì)產(chǎn)生怎樣的作用?是促進(jìn)還是阻礙?只有綜合討論自然資源稟賦對(duì)這些方面的影響,才能全面的認(rèn)識(shí)自然資源稟賦對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的多重影響,綜上所述,本文研究的重點(diǎn)是在分析資源詛咒理論基礎(chǔ)上,探究自然資源稟賦對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)幾個(gè)典型方面的影響,這幾個(gè)方面包括:進(jìn)出口、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、城鎮(zhèn)化水平。并且為了明確區(qū)位影響,劃分了東部、中部和西部地區(qū),比較分析和探究自然資源稟賦在中國(guó)各省經(jīng)濟(jì)的具體發(fā)展中是阻礙還是促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,以及在多大程度上產(chǎn)生影響。通過(guò)對(duì)全國(guó)25個(gè)省的實(shí)證分析表明,自然資源稟賦和地區(qū)的進(jìn)出口總體存在正向關(guān)系,自然資源開(kāi)發(fā)力度的提高能夠促進(jìn)進(jìn)出口的增加,但在東部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)阻礙作用。通過(guò)對(duì)自然資源稟賦和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系分析,實(shí)證結(jié)果顯示自然資源豐裕度的提高阻礙了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化,自然資源稟賦和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)之間存在負(fù)向關(guān)系,但在中部地區(qū)存在正向關(guān)系。本文還對(duì)自然資源稟賦和城鎮(zhèn)化的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,分析表明自然資源稟賦的提高促進(jìn)了城鎮(zhèn)化率的提升,兩個(gè)變量之間存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Natural resources is a national economic development foundation. Heckscher Ohlin factor endowment theory considers factors endowment and determines the different elements of the price, and the price is the reason of different elements of international trade, so that each country should specialize in the production of the intensive use of their abundant factors of production of goods, in order to profit in international trade; David Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage also urged countries to produce the production advantage of the products, in order to win the absolute advantage and comparative advantage in international trade, and natural resource abundant margin determines a country's product advantage. A country in the development of national economy, natural resources endowment first concern is the country, giving priority to the development of related industries can be developed using abundant resources, so as to accumulate advantages and the development of other industries, can be said that since the Natural resources endowment is the foundation of a country's economic development, has a profound impact on the economic development of various natural resources. The natural resource endowment, the abundance of natural resources, is the necessary material conditions for economic development. With abundant natural resources, abundant resources and will give priority to the development of related industries and products; poor in natural resources in the region, will also use other resources instead of lack of natural resources to make up for the lack of the natural resource distribution in different regions to form the different industrial structure. Therefore, natural resource endowment and largely determines the product structure, the region's industrial structure, but also affect other for example, the regional economy: import and export, the process of urbanization. But the endowment of natural resources for economic development, the role is twofold. On the one hand the abundant natural resources To vigorously promote the development of the economy, but in the economic development to a certain stage, the factors of natural resources is to hinder the development of economy, a lot of natural resources in the affluent areas the pace of economic development rather than the natural resource poor areas, this phenomenon is called "resource curse". Chinese after more than thirty years after the reform and opening up, economic the rapid development of natural resources, which contribute to the development should not be overlooked, however, is China economic growth also appeared in "Curse"? Domestic scholars have done a lot of research, many scholars have confirmed that there Chinese economic resource curse to a great extent; but at the same time, some scholars have different views, that argument does not appear Chinese "resource curse". "The discussion Public opinions are divergent. resource curse" problem, but most of the scholars discussed the key only in resources for economic growth Effect, and not focus on specific aspects of the economy. So try this study: for China, natural resource endowment on economic micro specific aspects, such as import and export, industrial structure, urbanization, will produce what kind of effect? Promote or hinder? Only affect the natural resource endowment on these aspects of the comprehensive discussion of multiple effects on economic development to a comprehensive understanding of the natural resource endowment to sum up, the focus of this paper is based on the analysis of the resource curse theory, explore the impact of natural resources on economic China typical aspects. These aspects include: import and export, industrial structure, urbanization level. And in order to clarify the impact of location division of the eastern, central and western regions, the comparative analysis and Research on natural resource endowment in the development of economy in China provinces is still hinder the promotion of economic development The exhibition, and the impact on the extent. Through empirical research on the country's 25 provinces analysis shows that there is a significantly positive relationship between the natural resources and the area of the whole import and export of natural resources, improve development efforts can promote the increase of import and export, but in the East back. Through the relationship between the endowment of natural resources and the industrial structure analysis, the empirical results show that natural resource abundance increased hinder the optimization of the industrial structure, there is a negative relationship between natural resource endowments and industrial structure, but there is a positive relationship in the central region. The relationship of natural resource and urbanization through the empirical analysis, analysis shows that natural resources improve promoted to improve the urbanization rate, there is a positive correlation between the two variables.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F124.5;F752.6;F121.3;F299.21

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