本文選題：中小企業(yè) + 融資渠道��； 參考：《廈門大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,我國中小企業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的發(fā)展受到了越來越多的關(guān)注。目前,我國中小企業(yè)數(shù)已占企業(yè)總數(shù)的99%,在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、活躍市場、增加就業(yè)、科技創(chuàng)新等方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用。然而,中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展尤其是小微企業(yè)的發(fā)展面臨著融資困難的境況。相關(guān)理論證明,中小企業(yè)融資困難的根本原因之一是信息不對稱所導(dǎo)致的金融交易市場失效。中小企業(yè)由于銀行制度的原因和自身缺乏資質(zhì)良好的抵押品,往往無法獲得正規(guī)銀行的融資,而民間借貸的高額成本又使中小企業(yè)望而卻步。因此,中小企業(yè)迫切需要一個(gè)可以解決信息不對稱問題的機(jī)構(gòu)為其服務(wù),社區(qū)銀行由此應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。對于社區(qū)銀行的界定至今未有一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義,但其多數(shù)認(rèn)同的涵義是：社區(qū)銀行一般是指建立在本社區(qū)內(nèi),資金來源與資金運(yùn)用都是在本社區(qū)內(nèi)完成,為中小企業(yè)和本地居民服務(wù)的小型商業(yè)銀行。從這個(gè)意義上看,雖然我國市場存在著具有社區(qū)性質(zhì)的銀行,但至今沒有一家完全真正意義上的社區(qū)銀行。 本文旨在提出這樣一個(gè)見解：建立以服務(wù)中小企業(yè)和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駷樽谥嫉纳鐓^(qū)銀行,作為解決中小企業(yè)融資問題的突破口。本文首先從社區(qū)銀行的本質(zhì)出發(fā),描述和概況了社區(qū)銀行相較于其他銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)的經(jīng)營特點(diǎn)。其次,對于中小企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行說明,并分析了中小企業(yè)在銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)、民間金融市場、股權(quán)交易市場以及債券市場上進(jìn)行融資存在的問題。再次,在介紹社區(qū)銀行的本質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)以及其他融資渠道無法解決中小企業(yè)融資的基礎(chǔ)上,從理論和實(shí)證兩個(gè)方面說明社區(qū)銀行在解決中小企業(yè)融資問題上具有比較優(yōu)勢：運(yùn)用最優(yōu)規(guī)模貸款模型、關(guān)系型貸款技術(shù)等為社區(qū)銀行解決中小企業(yè)融資問題提供理論基礎(chǔ)；實(shí)證分析上運(yùn)用1997—2012年的數(shù)據(jù),對社區(qū)銀行貸款規(guī)模、非社區(qū)銀行貸款規(guī)模以及中小企業(yè)融資情況建立ECM模型進(jìn)行影響分析,證明了社區(qū)銀行與中小企業(yè)融資的緊密聯(lián)系。最后,提出我國社區(qū)銀行的模式選擇以及在我國發(fā)展社區(qū)銀行的幾點(diǎn)建議。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the market economy, the development of small and medium enterprises in our country has attracted more and more attention. At present, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in our country has accounted for 99% of the total number of enterprises, which plays an important role in promoting economic development, active market, increasing employment, and scientific and technological innovation. However, the development of SMEs is especially small. The development of micro enterprises is facing the situation of financing difficulties. Related theories prove that one of the fundamental reasons for the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises is the failure of the financial transaction market caused by information asymmetry. Because of the reasons for the banking system and the lack of good quality collateral, the small and medium enterprises are unable to obtain the financing of the regular banks, and the private borrowings are not available. The high cost of the loan makes small and medium-sized enterprises prohibitive. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises urgently need an organization that can solve the problem of information asymmetry to serve them. Therefore, community banks have come into being. There is no standard definition for the definition of community banks, but the majority of their identity is that community banks generally refer to the establishment of this In the community, the source of funds and the use of funds are small commercial banks, which are completed in the community and serve small and medium enterprises and local residents. In this sense, although there is a community owned bank in our market, there is no real community bank in the real sense.
The purpose of this paper is to put forward the idea that the community bank, which aims at serving small and medium enterprises and local residents, is the breakthrough point to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises. First, this paper, starting from the essence of the community bank, describes and surveys the management characteristics of the community banks compared with other banks. The present situation of enterprise financing is explained, and the problems existing in the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises, such as banking institutions, private financial markets, equity market and the bond market, are analyzed. Again, on the basis of the introduction of the nature, characteristics and other financing channels of the community banks, the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises can not be solved on the basis of theory and empirical two. It shows that the community banks have comparative advantages in solving the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises: using the optimal scale loan model and the relational loan technology to provide the theoretical basis for the community banks to solve the financing problems of small and medium-sized enterprises; the empirical analysis uses the data from 1997 to 2012 to the scale of the community bank loans and the non community bank loans. The impact analysis on the scale and the financing situation of small and medium enterprises to establish ECM model proves the close connection between the community bank and the financing of small and medium enterprises. Finally, the model selection of our community bank and some suggestions on the development of community bank in China are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.3;F832.4

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