考慮負荷率因素的銷售電價模型及應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-05 16:12
【摘要】：電力工業(yè)是資金密集型行業(yè),電力生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營中的固定成本比例相對較大,電價政策考慮電力企業(yè)的成本結(jié)構(gòu),使價格等于成本,才能使電價效率最大。國家提出的考慮用戶負荷特性進行銷售電價分類改革的方案也說明了國家高度重視電價制定的效率,負荷率電價體現(xiàn)了電價應(yīng)該合理反映用戶供電成本的要求,不同負荷率用戶的供電成本不同,所以電價也應(yīng)不同。同時,負荷率電價能夠應(yīng)該引導(dǎo)用戶提高用電設(shè)備利用率,降低容量占用,引導(dǎo)資源優(yōu)化配置,促進電力企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變增長方式。本文主要內(nèi)容包括五方面：第一,分析了負荷率電價的基本原理。不同用戶的負荷率影響所消費電能的成本,不同負荷率用戶的容量成本與電量成本結(jié)構(gòu)不同。第二,梳理和總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外負荷率電價研究成果和政策實踐,為我國負荷率電價政策的設(shè)計與實施奠定了基礎(chǔ)。第三,將電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)容量成本在不同電壓等級的各負荷率類型用戶的基本電價和電度電價間進行分攤,進而完成負荷率電價的理論模型設(shè)計。第四,通過對相關(guān)參數(shù)進行合理假設(shè),對設(shè)計好的負荷率電價模型進行數(shù)值分析,驗證負荷率電價模型的合理性,并初步估算負荷率電價的預(yù)期效果。第五,根據(jù)模型的數(shù)值分析,提出具體的適合我國實際情況的負荷率電價實施建議。本文的主要研究成果有兩項：第一,目前,負荷率電價改革還處在初步階段,沒有系統(tǒng)地定價模型,本文根據(jù)國家銷售電價改革需要,探索性地建立了負荷率電價理論模型。這也是本文的創(chuàng)新點之一。第二,通過對模型進行數(shù)值分析,預(yù)計了負荷率電價的實施效果,本文從靜態(tài)和動態(tài)兩個方面分析負荷率電價的特殊效果,這些效果都是常規(guī)電價政策較難協(xié)調(diào)實現(xiàn)的,這也是本文的創(chuàng)新點。
[Abstract]:Power industry is a capital-intensive industry, and the fixed cost ratio in power production and operation is relatively large. The electricity price policy considers the cost structure of the power enterprise and makes the price equal to the cost, so that the electricity price efficiency can be maximized. The plan put forward by the state to reform the classification of electricity prices considering the characteristics of consumer load also shows that the country attaches great importance to the efficiency of electricity price formulation, and the load rate price reflects the demand that the electricity price should reasonably reflect the user's power supply cost. Different load rate user's power supply cost is different, so the electricity price should also be different. At the same time, the load rate price should guide the users to improve the utilization ratio of power equipment, reduce the capacity occupation, guide the optimal allocation of resources, and promote the power enterprise to change its growth mode. The main contents of this paper include five aspects: first, the basic principle of load rate price is analyzed. The cost of electricity consumption is affected by the load rate of different users, and the cost of capacity and cost of electricity is different among the users of different load rates. Secondly, the research results and policy practice of load rate electricity price at home and abroad are summarized, which lays a foundation for the design and implementation of load rate electricity price policy in China. Thirdly, the capacity cost of power system is divided between the basic price and the electricity price of different load rate types, and then the theoretical model of load rate price is designed. Fourthly, through the reasonable assumption of the relevant parameters, the numerical analysis of the designed load rate price model is carried out to verify the rationality of the load rate price model, and the preliminary estimate of the expected effect of the load rate price. Fifthly, according to the numerical analysis of the model, the paper puts forward specific suggestions for the implementation of the load rate electricity price which is suitable for the actual situation of our country. The main research results of this paper are as follows: first, at present, the reform of load rate electricity price is still in the initial stage, and there is no systematic pricing model. According to the needs of the national sales price reform, this paper establishes a theoretical model of load rate electricity price. This is one of the innovations of this paper. Secondly, through the numerical analysis of the model, the implementation effect of load rate price is predicted. This paper analyzes the special effect of load rate price from static and dynamic aspects. These effects are difficult to achieve by conventional price policy. This is also the innovation of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61
[Abstract]:Power industry is a capital-intensive industry, and the fixed cost ratio in power production and operation is relatively large. The electricity price policy considers the cost structure of the power enterprise and makes the price equal to the cost, so that the electricity price efficiency can be maximized. The plan put forward by the state to reform the classification of electricity prices considering the characteristics of consumer load also shows that the country attaches great importance to the efficiency of electricity price formulation, and the load rate price reflects the demand that the electricity price should reasonably reflect the user's power supply cost. Different load rate user's power supply cost is different, so the electricity price should also be different. At the same time, the load rate price should guide the users to improve the utilization ratio of power equipment, reduce the capacity occupation, guide the optimal allocation of resources, and promote the power enterprise to change its growth mode. The main contents of this paper include five aspects: first, the basic principle of load rate price is analyzed. The cost of electricity consumption is affected by the load rate of different users, and the cost of capacity and cost of electricity is different among the users of different load rates. Secondly, the research results and policy practice of load rate electricity price at home and abroad are summarized, which lays a foundation for the design and implementation of load rate electricity price policy in China. Thirdly, the capacity cost of power system is divided between the basic price and the electricity price of different load rate types, and then the theoretical model of load rate price is designed. Fourthly, through the reasonable assumption of the relevant parameters, the numerical analysis of the designed load rate price model is carried out to verify the rationality of the load rate price model, and the preliminary estimate of the expected effect of the load rate price. Fifthly, according to the numerical analysis of the model, the paper puts forward specific suggestions for the implementation of the load rate electricity price which is suitable for the actual situation of our country. The main research results of this paper are as follows: first, at present, the reform of load rate electricity price is still in the initial stage, and there is no systematic pricing model. According to the needs of the national sales price reform, this paper establishes a theoretical model of load rate electricity price. This is one of the innovations of this paper. Secondly, through the numerical analysis of the model, the implementation effect of load rate price is predicted. This paper analyzes the special effect of load rate price from static and dynamic aspects. These effects are difficult to achieve by conventional price policy. This is also the innovation of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61
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