中國稀土貿(mào)易政策研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-17 10:05
【摘要】：稀土是21世紀(jì)重要的戰(zhàn)略資源,它有多種用途,尤其是發(fā)展高新技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵元素和國防軍事工業(yè)的重要原材料。稀土之于中國,猶如石油之于中東、鐵礦石之于澳大利亞,但中國稀土卻沒能掌握定價(jià)權(quán)；國家實(shí)施稀土出口配額管制以來,在國際市場(chǎng)上面對(duì)著巨大的輿論壓力；政策的不完善,也導(dǎo)致國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生配額倒賣、黑市交易等違法行為。這些問題亟待解決,因此研究中國稀土出口貿(mào)易情況,具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)和戰(zhàn)略意義。 文章的主體內(nèi)容分為七部分。首先從世界稀土資源的儲(chǔ)量及分布情況入手,了解到其他國家也有稀土礦山,但實(shí)際開采量非常小,甚至不開采,中國幾乎承擔(dān)著供應(yīng)全世界稀土的角色。第二部分從中國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展出發(fā),通過對(duì)中國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)及世界其他國家的稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)的介紹,進(jìn)一步闡述中國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)存在的問題,并根據(jù)稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀總結(jié)出制約中國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的因素。第三,用具體數(shù)據(jù)闡釋全球稀土供給和需求的現(xiàn)狀,得出我國雖然是世界稀土第一大國,供應(yīng)世界絕大部分稀土需求,但實(shí)際上我們出口貿(mào)易本身也存在弊端,例如定價(jià)權(quán)缺失,貿(mào)易秩序混亂等。第四部分分析了中國目前稀土政策。第五部分根據(jù)貿(mào)易政策的內(nèi)容,就中國稀土政策對(duì)出口貿(mào)易的影響進(jìn)行了分析。通過對(duì)出口數(shù)量、金額及價(jià)格的數(shù)據(jù)得出中國主要稀土政策對(duì)國內(nèi)出口貿(mào)易和國際稀土市場(chǎng)的影響巨大。第六部分,從企業(yè)的角度出發(fā),分析了我國稀土行業(yè)政策對(duì)企業(yè)的具體影響。根據(jù)前六部分對(duì)稀土行業(yè)的整體分析和對(duì)我國稀土政策的研究,得出我國稀土行業(yè)和稀土政策該如何健康有序發(fā)展的建議及策略。 回顧我國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展之路,面對(duì)日益嚴(yán)峻的國內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)形勢(shì),特別是國外大型礦山陸續(xù)開采及WT0敗訴對(duì)我國稀土行業(yè)的沖擊,我們應(yīng)該站在國家的戰(zhàn)略高度,重新對(duì)我國稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展做一番定位思考。
[Abstract]:Rare earth is an important strategic resource in the 21st century. It has many applications, especially the key elements of developing high and new technology and the important raw material of national defense and military industry. Rare earths are to China what oil is to the Middle East, iron ore is to Australia, but China's rare earths have failed to grasp the pricing power. Imperfect policies also lead to domestic market quota resale, black market transactions and other illegal acts. These problems need to be solved urgently, so it is of great practical and strategic significance to study China's rare earth export trade. The main content of the article is divided into seven parts. Starting with the reserves and distribution of rare earth resources in the world, we know that there are rare earth mines in other countries, but the actual production is very small, even if it is not exploited, China almost assumes the role of supplying rare earths all over the world. The second part from the development of rare earth industry in China, through the introduction of rare earth industry in China and other countries in the world, to further explain the problems of rare earth industry in China. The factors restricting the development of rare earth industry in China are summarized according to the present situation of rare earth industry. Third, using specific data to explain the current situation of global rare earth supply and demand, it is concluded that although China is the largest rare earth country in the world and supplies most of the world's rare earth demand, in fact, our export trade itself also has drawbacks. For example, the lack of pricing power, trade order chaos and so on. The fourth part analyzes China's current rare earth policy. The fifth part analyzes the impact of China's rare earth policy on export trade according to the content of trade policy. Based on the data of export quantity, amount and price, it is concluded that China's main rare earth policies have a great impact on domestic export trade and international rare earth market. In the sixth part, the author analyzes the influence of the rare earth industry policy on the enterprises from the point of view of enterprises. According to the whole analysis of the rare earth industry in the first six parts and the research on the rare earth policy of our country, the suggestions and strategies on how to develop the rare earth industry and the rare earth policy in our country in a healthy and orderly manner are obtained. Looking back on the road to the development of rare earth industry in our country and facing the increasingly severe market situation at home and abroad, especially the impact on the rare earth industry of our country caused by the successive mining of large foreign mines and the defeat of WT0, we should stand at the strategic level of our country, Re-think of the development of rare earth industry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426
本文編號(hào)：2187267
[Abstract]:Rare earth is an important strategic resource in the 21st century. It has many applications, especially the key elements of developing high and new technology and the important raw material of national defense and military industry. Rare earths are to China what oil is to the Middle East, iron ore is to Australia, but China's rare earths have failed to grasp the pricing power. Imperfect policies also lead to domestic market quota resale, black market transactions and other illegal acts. These problems need to be solved urgently, so it is of great practical and strategic significance to study China's rare earth export trade. The main content of the article is divided into seven parts. Starting with the reserves and distribution of rare earth resources in the world, we know that there are rare earth mines in other countries, but the actual production is very small, even if it is not exploited, China almost assumes the role of supplying rare earths all over the world. The second part from the development of rare earth industry in China, through the introduction of rare earth industry in China and other countries in the world, to further explain the problems of rare earth industry in China. The factors restricting the development of rare earth industry in China are summarized according to the present situation of rare earth industry. Third, using specific data to explain the current situation of global rare earth supply and demand, it is concluded that although China is the largest rare earth country in the world and supplies most of the world's rare earth demand, in fact, our export trade itself also has drawbacks. For example, the lack of pricing power, trade order chaos and so on. The fourth part analyzes China's current rare earth policy. The fifth part analyzes the impact of China's rare earth policy on export trade according to the content of trade policy. Based on the data of export quantity, amount and price, it is concluded that China's main rare earth policies have a great impact on domestic export trade and international rare earth market. In the sixth part, the author analyzes the influence of the rare earth industry policy on the enterprises from the point of view of enterprises. According to the whole analysis of the rare earth industry in the first six parts and the research on the rare earth policy of our country, the suggestions and strategies on how to develop the rare earth industry and the rare earth policy in our country in a healthy and orderly manner are obtained. Looking back on the road to the development of rare earth industry in our country and facing the increasingly severe market situation at home and abroad, especially the impact on the rare earth industry of our country caused by the successive mining of large foreign mines and the defeat of WT0, we should stand at the strategic level of our country, Re-think of the development of rare earth industry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426
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