【摘要】：生產(chǎn)率這一指標在宏觀上反映了一個國家的生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展水平,在微觀上則反映了單個企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率。隨著微觀層面異質(zhì)性企業(yè)理論的出現(xiàn)和相關(guān)測算的計量方法的進步,近年對生產(chǎn)率的研究逐漸由宏觀層面轉(zhuǎn)向微觀層面,并逐步擴展至結(jié)構(gòu)性研究。行業(yè)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)率差異度體現(xiàn)了同一行業(yè)內(nèi)高生產(chǎn)率企業(yè)和低生產(chǎn)率企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)率結(jié)構(gòu),這一結(jié)構(gòu)能夠反映行業(yè)發(fā)展水平。通過研究行業(yè)生產(chǎn)率結(jié)構(gòu)對具體行業(yè)所處發(fā)展階段的判斷,有利于跨國間的橫向比較。微觀層面的生產(chǎn)率結(jié)構(gòu)研究對中觀和宏觀層面制定相應(yīng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策也具有重要的參考意義。本文使用1998-2007年中國微觀工業(yè)企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)庫,在使用半?yún)?shù)估計方法估計企業(yè)生產(chǎn)率的基礎(chǔ)上,對中國制造業(yè)行業(yè)內(nèi)的生產(chǎn)率差異度進行了測算,并與日本制造業(yè)企業(yè)的數(shù)據(jù)進行對比。同時本文使用數(shù)據(jù)庫中企業(yè)性質(zhì)、出口額等數(shù)據(jù)對影響生產(chǎn)率差異度的因素進行了實證檢驗。本文的主要結(jié)論是在1998到2007年間,中國的制造業(yè)企業(yè)行業(yè)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)率差異度是逐漸下降的,但生產(chǎn)率差異度的行業(yè)均值高過日本。從影響因素看,行業(yè)集中度對行業(yè)生產(chǎn)率差異度有顯著的負向影響,行業(yè)對外開放度有顯著的負向影響,國企密度有顯著的正向影響,新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用的影響并不顯著。
[Abstract]:The index of productivity reflects the level of productivity development in a country macroscopically and the productivity efficiency of a single enterprise in micro level. With the emergence of microcosmic heterogeneous firm theory and the improvement of measurement methods, the research on productivity has gradually changed from macro level to micro level and extended to structural research in recent years. The productivity difference in industry reflects the productivity structure of high productivity enterprises and low productivity enterprises in the same industry, and this structure can reflect the level of industry development. It is beneficial to the horizontal comparison among countries by studying the industry productivity structure to judge the development stage of specific industries. The study on the productivity structure at the micro level is also of great significance for the establishment of corresponding industrial policies at the meso and macro levels. In this paper, using the database of China's micro industrial enterprises from 1998 to 2007, based on the semi-parametric estimation method to estimate the productivity of enterprises, the difference of productivity in the manufacturing industry of China is measured. And compared with the data of Japanese manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, using the data of enterprise nature and export value in the database, this paper makes an empirical test on the factors that affect the productivity difference. The main conclusion of this paper is that between 1998 and 2007, the productivity difference of manufacturing enterprises in China is decreasing gradually, but the industry average of productivity difference is higher than that of Japan. From the point of view of the influencing factors, the industry concentration has a significant negative effect on the industry productivity difference, the industry openness has a significant negative influence, the density of state-owned enterprises has a significant positive impact, and the application of new technology has no significant impact.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F424

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