本文選題：乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè) + 區(qū)域競爭力��； 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國的乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展可追溯到新中國成立之初,但是真正進(jìn)入高速發(fā)展階段是在1978年改革開放之后。目前,乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為我國解決就業(yè)、推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、帶動農(nóng)民致富的重要產(chǎn)業(yè),甚至在一些地區(qū)已經(jīng)成為了當(dāng)?shù)氐闹鲗?dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)。從乳業(yè)發(fā)展來看,奶牛存欄數(shù)從1949年的12萬頭增加到2011年的1420萬頭,奶類總產(chǎn)量更是由1949年的21.7萬噸增長到2011年的3825萬噸。截止2011年,全國規(guī)模以上乳品企業(yè)工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值達(dá)2361.3億元,直接就業(yè)人數(shù)達(dá)到23萬余人。同時,政府也非常關(guān)注乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,國家陸續(xù)推出一系列政策和措施,為我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供了良好的產(chǎn)業(yè)環(huán)境。乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)作為一個處于成長期的朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè),具有廣闊的市場空間和發(fā)展?jié)摿Α?2008年三鹿奶粉事件的爆發(fā),對我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)造成了巨大的打擊。國內(nèi)消費(fèi)者對國產(chǎn)乳制品信心的缺失,使得我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展陷入了極大的困境。雖然經(jīng)過了幾年的恢復(fù)之后情況有所好轉(zhuǎn),但是面對國外乳制品的低價沖擊,如何進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)消費(fèi)者的市場信心,提升乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力便成了一個亟需解決的問題。 本文的研究意義體現(xiàn)在理論意義和實踐意義兩個方面。理論方面,本文在邁克爾·波特的“鉆石模型”的基礎(chǔ)上,分析影響我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的眾多因素,并構(gòu)建相應(yīng)的競爭力評價體系,對以后乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力分析的理論框架有一定的探索作用。實踐方面,本文通過定性分析和定量分析的結(jié)果,分析了影響我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的關(guān)鍵因素,并針對各個區(qū)域乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)和不足,提出相應(yīng)的政策建議,對我國各區(qū)域的乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康和均衡發(fā)展有著重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文以我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)為研究對象,區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力理論為基礎(chǔ)。首先對產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力及其評價的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,然后對我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展情況、區(qū)域分布特征以及競爭態(tài)勢進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而研究我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的影響因素,最終構(gòu)建了我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的評價體系,并使用因子分析進(jìn)行定量分析。具體來看,本文可以分為以下六章： 第一章：緒論。通過研究的背景和意義指出文章寫作的必要性,并介紹文章的研究內(nèi)容、擬采用的研究方法和可能的創(chuàng)新之處。 第二章：理論來源及文獻(xiàn)綜述。系統(tǒng)總結(jié)國內(nèi)外產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力研究的理論基礎(chǔ)、發(fā)展和產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力評價分析的典型模型,以及區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的定義、來源、影響因素和評價方法。為后文對我國乳制產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力分析的研究框架的選取、影響因素分析和評價指標(biāo)的構(gòu)建提供理論基礎(chǔ)。 第三章：我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和競爭分析。在闡述我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展概況和現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,對乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的區(qū)域分布特征和競爭態(tài)勢做了詳細(xì)的分析。 第四章：我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的影響因素分析及評價體系構(gòu)建。首先,在邁克爾·波特的“鉆石”模型的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展特點(diǎn),分析影響我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響因素,并根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)的可獲得性,以及評價體系指標(biāo)的選取原則,選取了九個評價指標(biāo),構(gòu)建了包含產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)、產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模、產(chǎn)業(yè)績效以及產(chǎn)業(yè)安全四個評價內(nèi)容的評價體系。 第五章：我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的實證分析。根據(jù)所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)以及構(gòu)建的乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力評價體系,運(yùn)用因子分析法進(jìn)行實證分析,找出了眾多因素當(dāng)中影響區(qū)域競爭力最為關(guān)鍵的幾個因素,并且通過區(qū)域之間各因子的排名情況,以及總得分的情況,將這些區(qū)域進(jìn)行歸類,分析其在競爭中所具備的優(yōu)勢和劣勢以及各區(qū)域乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)在競爭中的地位。 第六章：結(jié)論和建議。首先,在全文分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文主要得到了以下三個結(jié)論：(1)影響我國各區(qū)域乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力差異的因素主要有三個：產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)與效益、產(chǎn)業(yè)需求和產(chǎn)業(yè)安全。(2)不同區(qū)域在影響乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的三個因素上各有優(yōu)劣。而產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)和效益因子對排名的影響程度最大。(3)華北平原和東北地區(qū)是我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)最具競爭力的區(qū)域,我國中西部地區(qū)的乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的競爭力最為薄弱。繼而,根據(jù)所得出的結(jié)論提出了提高我國各區(qū)域乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的對策：(1)對于我國乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)最具競爭力的幾個區(qū)域,如內(nèi)蒙古和黑龍江,應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),完善監(jiān)督管理制度,全面提高奶源的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量,以此來穩(wěn)固在乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)方面的競爭力。(2)對于一些產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)先天不足但總排名依舊處在全國中上游的優(yōu)勢區(qū)域,如上海、山東、廣東、北京和江蘇等區(qū)域,這些區(qū)域由于自然資源稟賦與內(nèi)蒙古和黑龍江等區(qū)域相去甚遠(yuǎn),在很長一段時期內(nèi)無法在產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)層面對以上區(qū)域進(jìn)行超越,那么可以重點(diǎn)從企業(yè)層面的競爭力著手。(3)對于乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力排名落后的區(qū)域,如甘肅、貴州、云南和海南等區(qū)域,這些區(qū)域的乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展應(yīng)以穩(wěn)妥為主,切忌急功近利,須優(yōu)先發(fā)展區(qū)域內(nèi)具有特色或優(yōu)勢的其他產(chǎn)業(yè),從而帶動整體產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,提升區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平。以區(qū)域內(nèi)整體經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高來帶動乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)的協(xié)同發(fā)展。 最后,本文的不足之處在于沒有在評價體系里體現(xiàn)出政府行為和機(jī)遇對區(qū)域乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的影響。而且產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力是一個不斷變化的動態(tài)的過程,由于本文采用的評價方法是因子分析法,是對國內(nèi)各區(qū)域乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力狀態(tài)的一個靜態(tài)比較,所以不能反映乳制品產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域競爭力的動態(tài)變化。
[Abstract]:The development of dairy industry in China can be traced back to the beginning of the founding of new China. But after the reform and opening up in 1978, the dairy industry has become an important industry to solve the employment, promote the adjustment of the agricultural structure, drive the farmers to become rich, and even become the leading local production in some areas. From the development of dairy industry, the number of dairy cows increased from 120 thousand in 1949 to 14 million 200 thousand in 2011, and the total milk production increased from 217 thousand tons in 1949 to 38 million 250 thousand tons in 2011. By 2011, the total industrial output value of dairy enterprises above the national scale reached 236 billion 130 million yuan, and the number of direct employment reached more than 23 million. Meanwhile, the government was also very good. Concerned with the development of dairy industry, a series of policies and measures have been introduced in China, which provide a good industrial environment for the development of dairy industry in China. As a sunrise industry in the growing period, dairy industry has a broad market space and potential for development.
The outbreak of the Sanlu milk powder incident in 2008 has caused a great blow to the dairy industry in China. The lack of domestic consumers' confidence in domestic dairy products has made the development of the dairy industry in our country a great predicament. Although after several years of recovery, the situation has improved, but how to face the low price impact of foreign dairy products To further enhance consumer confidence and enhance the competitiveness of dairy industry has become an urgent problem.
The significance of this paper is embodied in two aspects of theoretical and practical significance. In theory, on the basis of Michael Porter's "Diamond Model", this paper analyzes the many factors that affect the competitiveness of dairy industry in China, and constructs a corresponding competitiveness evaluation system, which has a theoretical framework for the analysis of the competitiveness of the dairy industry. In practice, through the results of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, this paper analyzes the key factors that affect the regional competitiveness of dairy products industry in China, and puts forward corresponding policy suggestions in view of the development characteristics and shortcomings of dairy products industry in each region, and makes a healthy and balanced development of dairy products industry in various regions of China. The exhibition has an important practical significance.
This paper is based on the research object of dairy industry in China and the theory of regional industrial competitiveness. Firstly, it combs the related literature of industrial competitiveness and its evaluation, and then analyzes the development of dairy industry, regional distribution characteristics and competition situation in China, and studies the influence of regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China. Finally, the evaluation system of regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China is constructed, and the quantitative analysis is carried out using factor analysis. In particular, this paper can be divided into the following six chapters:
The first chapter: introduction. Through the background and significance of the research, it points out the necessity of writing, and introduces the content of the article, the research methods and possible innovations that are to be adopted.
The second chapter: theoretical source and literature review. A systematic summary of the theoretical basis of the research on industrial competitiveness at home and abroad, the typical model of development and the evaluation and analysis of industrial competitiveness, and the definition, source, influencing factors and evaluation methods of regional industrial competitiveness are selected for the research framework for the analysis of regional competitiveness of China's dairy industry in the latter part. The analysis of factors and the establishment of evaluation indicators provide a theoretical basis.
The third chapter: the development and competition analysis of dairy industry in China. On the basis of the development and present situation of the dairy industry in China, the regional distribution characteristics and competition situation of dairy industry are analyzed in detail.
The fourth chapter: analysis and evaluation system construction of the regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China. First, on the basis of Michael Potter's "diamond" model, combined with the development characteristics of dairy industry in China, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of the dairy industry in China, and according to the availability of data and the index of evaluation system. Nine principles were selected, and four evaluation systems including industrial foundation, industrial scale, industrial performance and industrial safety were constructed.
The fifth chapter is an empirical analysis of the regional competitiveness of dairy industry in China. Based on the data obtained and the constructed regional competitiveness evaluation system of dairy industry, this paper uses factor analysis to find out the most important factors which affect the regional competitiveness among the many factors, and through the factors among the regions. The status of the ranking, as well as the total score, are classified, and the advantages and disadvantages in the competition and the status of the dairy industry in the competition are analyzed.
The sixth chapter: conclusions and suggestions. First, on the basis of the full text analysis, this paper mainly obtains the following three conclusions: (1) there are three factors affecting the competitiveness of dairy products industry in various regions in China: industrial base and benefit, industrial demand and industrial safety. (2) the three factors affecting the competitiveness of dairy industry in different regions. The industrial base and the benefit factor have the greatest impact on the ranking. (3) the North China Plain and the Northeast are the most competitive regions in China's dairy industry, and the competitiveness of the dairy industry is the weakest in the central and western regions of China. Countermeasures: (1) for the most competitive areas in China's dairy industry, such as Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, we should further strengthen the infrastructure construction, improve the supervision and management system, improve the production and quality of milk sources in an all-round way, so as to stabilize the competitiveness of the dairy industry base. (2) for some industrial foundations But the total ranking is still in the superior areas of the middle and upper reaches of the country, such as Shanghai, Shandong, Guangdong, Beijing and Jiangsu. These regions are far from the regions of Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang because of natural resource endowments. In a long period of time, the above areas can not be surpassed on the industrial base level, so it is possible to focus on the enterprises. On the level of competitiveness. (3) for the regions with backward competitiveness of dairy industry, such as Gansu, Guizhou, Yunnan and Hainan, the development of dairy products in these regions should be stable, and avoid quick success and immediate benefits, and should give priority to the development of other industries with characteristics or advantages in the region, so as to promote the development of the whole industry and promote the development of the whole industry. The level of regional economic development is to promote the coordinated development of dairy industry based on the improvement of the overall economic level in the region.
Finally, the deficiency of this article lies in the lack of the influence of government behavior and opportunity on the competitiveness of regional dairy industry in the evaluation system. Moreover, the industrial competitiveness is a dynamic and dynamic process, because the evaluation method used in this paper is factor analysis, and it is the competitive state of dairy products industry in every region. A static comparison can not reflect the dynamic change of regional competitiveness of dairy industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.82;F271

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