地區(qū)異質(zhì)性視角下中國雙向FDI對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-15 13:16
【摘要】：伴隨著經(jīng)濟全球一體化的進程,各國經(jīng)濟往來也飛速發(fā)展,國際直接投資是國際經(jīng)濟體產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的重要途徑,無論是作為東道國還是投資國,國際直接投資都會對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整產(chǎn)生重大影響。近年來,中國的外商直接投資(IFDI)和對外直接投資(OFDI)的規(guī)模都增長迅速,而中國又處于經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)變革的重要轉(zhuǎn)折點,優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)迫在眉睫。進一步了解IFDI和OFDI是如何影響產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的,不同地區(qū)之間存在的具體差異,有助于IFDI和OFDI正面效應(yīng)的發(fā)揮,對促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的提升具有重大的現(xiàn)實意義。本文采用理論研究與實證研究相結(jié)合的研究方法。首先,對中國的IFDI和OFDI的發(fā)展歷程和現(xiàn)狀進行研究分析,其次,借助現(xiàn)有研究文獻構(gòu)建IFDI與東道國、OFDI和母國的理論傳導(dǎo)機制,借以厘清IFDI與東道國、OFDI和母國產(chǎn)業(yè)變遷之間的邏輯聯(lián)系。宏觀視角下IFDI通過影響東道國的需求結(jié)構(gòu)和供給結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)效應(yīng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭優(yōu)化效應(yīng)和技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)促進東道國的產(chǎn)業(yè)機構(gòu)升級,OFDI通過產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移效應(yīng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)效應(yīng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭效應(yīng)和逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級;微觀視角下IFDI企業(yè)基于資源尋求型、市場尋求型和效率資產(chǎn)尋求型三種不同動因的IFDI促進東道國的產(chǎn)業(yè)機構(gòu)升級,OFDI企業(yè)基于市場尋求型、效率尋求型、戰(zhàn)略尋求型和資源尋求型四個不同的動因的OFDI促進母國的產(chǎn)業(yè)機構(gòu)升級。在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文通過修正的錢納里的"標準結(jié)構(gòu)"模型,以中國28個省、直轄市、自治區(qū)2004-2014年的面板數(shù)據(jù)作為研究對象,分別從整體層面和地區(qū)層面兩個維度來研究中國外商直接投資和對外直接投資對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級的影響。結(jié)果顯示:從全國層面來看,中國IFDI和OFDI都對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級具有顯著地促進作用,二者對比來看,中國IFDI對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級的促進作用大于OFDI對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級的作用。從地區(qū)層面來看,中國東部地區(qū)和中西部地區(qū)的IFDI都對產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級具有顯著地促進作用,但是東部地區(qū)IFDI對東道國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的促進作用遠大于中西部地區(qū);中國東部地區(qū)OFDI對母國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)具有顯著地促進作用,但是由于中西部地區(qū)的OFDI規(guī)模小質(zhì)量差,對母國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級沒有明顯的促進作用。最后,在以上結(jié)論的基礎(chǔ)上,本文提出要限制企業(yè)"走進來",加強企業(yè)"走出去",因地制宜且合理引導(dǎo)IFDI和OFDI投向的對策建議。
[Abstract]:With the process of global economic integration, economic exchanges between countries are also developing rapidly. International direct investment (FDI) is an important way of industrial transfer in international economies, whether as a host country or an investment country. International direct investment will have a significant impact on industrial structure adjustment. In recent years, the scale of China's foreign direct investment (IFDI) and foreign direct investment (OFDI) have both increased rapidly, while China is at an important turning point of economic structural change, so it is urgent to optimize the industrial structure. Further understanding how IFDI and OFDI affect the industrial structure, the specific differences between different regions are helpful to play the positive effects of IFDI and OFDI, and have great practical significance to promote the promotion of industrial structure. This article uses the research method which the theory research and the empirical research unifies. Firstly, the development course and present situation of IFDI and OFDI in China are studied and analyzed. Secondly, the theoretical transmission mechanism between IFDI and host country, OFDI and home country is constructed with the help of existing research literature, so as to clarify the relationship between IFDI and host country. The logical relation between OFDI and the change of home industry. From the macro perspective, IFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions by influencing the demand and supply structure, the industrial relevance effect, the industrial competition optimization effect and the technology spillover effect of the host country, and OFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions through the industrial transfer effect and the industrial relevance effect. Industrial competition effect and reverse technology spillover effect promote the upgrading of industrial structure; From the micro perspective, the IFDI of IFDI enterprises based on resource seeking, market seeking and efficient asset seeking promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in host countries, while OFDI enterprises are based on market seeking and efficiency seeking. OFDI with four different motivations, strategic seeking and resource seeking, promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in home countries. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper takes the panel data of 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2004 to 2014 as the research object through the modified "standard structure" model of Chennari. The impact of FDI and OFDI on the upgrading of industrial structure is studied from the overall level and the regional level. The results show that both IFDI and OFDI can promote the upgrading of industrial structure at the national level. In contrast, the promotion effect of IFDI in China is greater than that of OFDI in upgrading industrial structure. From the regional level, the IFDI in the eastern and central regions of China has a significant role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, but the role of IFDI in the eastern region to promote the industrial structure of the host country is much greater than that in the central and western regions. In eastern China, OFDI has a significant role in promoting the industrial structure of the home country, but because of the small scale and poor quality of OFDI in the central and western regions, it has no obvious promoting effect on the upgrading of the industrial structure of the home country. Finally, on the basis of the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrict the "entry" of enterprises, to strengthen the "going out" of enterprises, and to guide IFDI and OFDI in a reasonable way according to local conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.6
本文編號：2333412
[Abstract]:With the process of global economic integration, economic exchanges between countries are also developing rapidly. International direct investment (FDI) is an important way of industrial transfer in international economies, whether as a host country or an investment country. International direct investment will have a significant impact on industrial structure adjustment. In recent years, the scale of China's foreign direct investment (IFDI) and foreign direct investment (OFDI) have both increased rapidly, while China is at an important turning point of economic structural change, so it is urgent to optimize the industrial structure. Further understanding how IFDI and OFDI affect the industrial structure, the specific differences between different regions are helpful to play the positive effects of IFDI and OFDI, and have great practical significance to promote the promotion of industrial structure. This article uses the research method which the theory research and the empirical research unifies. Firstly, the development course and present situation of IFDI and OFDI in China are studied and analyzed. Secondly, the theoretical transmission mechanism between IFDI and host country, OFDI and home country is constructed with the help of existing research literature, so as to clarify the relationship between IFDI and host country. The logical relation between OFDI and the change of home industry. From the macro perspective, IFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions by influencing the demand and supply structure, the industrial relevance effect, the industrial competition optimization effect and the technology spillover effect of the host country, and OFDI promotes the upgrading of the host country's industrial institutions through the industrial transfer effect and the industrial relevance effect. Industrial competition effect and reverse technology spillover effect promote the upgrading of industrial structure; From the micro perspective, the IFDI of IFDI enterprises based on resource seeking, market seeking and efficient asset seeking promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in host countries, while OFDI enterprises are based on market seeking and efficiency seeking. OFDI with four different motivations, strategic seeking and resource seeking, promotes the upgrading of industrial institutions in home countries. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this paper takes the panel data of 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2004 to 2014 as the research object through the modified "standard structure" model of Chennari. The impact of FDI and OFDI on the upgrading of industrial structure is studied from the overall level and the regional level. The results show that both IFDI and OFDI can promote the upgrading of industrial structure at the national level. In contrast, the promotion effect of IFDI in China is greater than that of OFDI in upgrading industrial structure. From the regional level, the IFDI in the eastern and central regions of China has a significant role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, but the role of IFDI in the eastern region to promote the industrial structure of the host country is much greater than that in the central and western regions. In eastern China, OFDI has a significant role in promoting the industrial structure of the home country, but because of the small scale and poor quality of OFDI in the central and western regions, it has no obvious promoting effect on the upgrading of the industrial structure of the home country. Finally, on the basis of the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to restrict the "entry" of enterprises, to strengthen the "going out" of enterprises, and to guide IFDI and OFDI in a reasonable way according to local conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.6
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，本文編號：2333412
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