【摘要】：應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)其實就是我們通常所說的安全相關(guān)的急救行業(yè)，這個行業(yè)主要是為了保障我國居民的人身財產(chǎn)安全以及為了讓社會更加繁榮與健康的發(fā)展，為社會的需求而量身創(chuàng)造的，從研發(fā)、制造、銷售和應(yīng)用等各個環(huán)節(jié)提供各種相應(yīng)服務(wù)活動的總集合體，它包括機(jī)關(guān)部門、事業(yè)單位、社會組織和生產(chǎn)企業(yè)。目前我國的應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展情況和發(fā)達(dá)國家相比較還相對落后，把握應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)律，明確發(fā)展方向，合理做好應(yīng)急救援資源儲備，提高應(yīng)急保障能力，降低災(zāi)害損失，加快災(zāi)后重建，是當(dāng)前中國各級政府和現(xiàn)代社會面對的重大課題。發(fā)展應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)的意義很明顯，主要能夠促進(jìn)資源合理配置、提高全社會應(yīng)急能力，能夠推進(jìn)工業(yè)安全發(fā)展、綠色發(fā)展，帶動整個行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，提升GDP，能夠促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠促使國家維護(hù)自主救災(zāi)意識、減少依賴性。雖然吉林省應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展機(jī)遇很大，但與發(fā)達(dá)省份相比還有很大差距，作為國內(nèi)應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展相對落后地區(qū)，吉林省應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)界定不明確，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)失衡，存在體制性障礙，缺乏制度保障，人才培養(yǎng)機(jī)制不健全，科研創(chuàng)新能力低，市場資本支持不足，引導(dǎo)扶持政策滯后等問題。如何揚長避短，，抓住發(fā)展機(jī)遇，把劣勢轉(zhuǎn)化優(yōu)勢，把問題的影響降到最底。這就成為吉林省應(yīng)急管理發(fā)展的重要使命。為此，吉林省應(yīng)以優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)為基礎(chǔ)，搞好強強聯(lián)合，科學(xué)合理地規(guī)劃產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，完善產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，重點抓好處置救援類裝備生產(chǎn)，提升應(yīng)急服務(wù)水平，從而明確吉林省應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的基本路徑。當(dāng)前，吉林省重點發(fā)展應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)，這就需要政府對應(yīng)急行業(yè)的政策進(jìn)行不斷制定和完善。在這個領(lǐng)域，政府要不斷明確未來發(fā)展的目標(biāo)，明確制定政策的方針和原則，明確相關(guān)部門的職責(zé)和義務(wù)；完善相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)，為應(yīng)急行業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新提高保障；完善政府在征用、補償方面的方針政策；完善在應(yīng)急行業(yè)發(fā)展過程中，政府的管理、稅收和財政政策。當(dāng)然，還要強調(diào)的是吉林省制定應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)要針對應(yīng)急行業(yè)的門類，完善市場運作機(jī)制，妥善處理供需雙方的矛盾；要不斷提高政策的引導(dǎo)性和規(guī)范性；完善標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系，奠定應(yīng)急產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)；要合理制定財政稅收政策，完善政府融資政策，為企業(yè)提供資金支持；要進(jìn)一步加大科研隊伍投入，全力造就高級人才。
[Abstract]:The emergency industry is actually what we usually call the safety related first aid industry. This industry is mainly to protect the personal and property safety of Chinese residents and to make the society more prosperous and healthy. Created for the needs of the society, from R & D, manufacturing, sales and application and other links to provide a variety of corresponding service activities, it includes departments, institutions, social organizations and production enterprises. At present, the development of emergency industry in our country is relatively backward compared with the developed countries. We should grasp the law of development of the emergency industry, make clear the direction of development, make a reasonable reserve of emergency rescue resources, improve the ability of emergency support, and reduce the loss of disasters. Speeding up post-disaster reconstruction is a major issue facing Chinese governments at all levels and modern society. The significance of developing the emergency industry is very obvious. It can mainly promote the rational allocation of resources, improve the emergency response ability of the whole society, promote the development of industrial safety, green development, promote the rapid development of the whole industry, upgrade GDP, and promote industrial upgrading. Optimize industrial structure, can urge the country to maintain the consciousness of independent relief, reduce dependence. Although Jilin Province has great opportunities for the development of emergency industries, there is still a big gap compared with the developed provinces. As a relatively backward region in the development of domestic emergency industries, the definition of emergency industries in Jilin Province is not clear, the industrial structure is out of balance, and there are institutional obstacles. Lack of system guarantee, talent training mechanism is not perfect, scientific research and innovation ability is low, market capital support is insufficient, guide and support policy lags behind, etc. How to take advantage of advantages and avoid weaknesses, seize the opportunity of development, turn weaknesses into advantages, and reduce the influence of problems to the lowest. This becomes the important mission of Jilin Province emergency management development. To this end, Jilin Province should do a good job of strong and powerful combination, scientifically and rationally plan industrial structure, perfect industrial chain, focus on disposal of rescue equipment production, and improve the level of emergency services, based on superior industries. In order to clarify the Jilin Province emergency industry development of the basic path. At present, Jilin Province focuses on the development of emergency industries, which requires the government to continuously formulate and improve the emergency industry policies. In this field, the government should make clear the goals of future development, make clear the policy principles and principles, clarify the responsibilities and obligations of the relevant departments, improve the relevant laws and regulations, and improve the protection for the technological innovation of the emergency industries. Perfect the government's principles and policies in requisition and compensation, perfect the government's management, taxation and fiscal policies in the development of emergency industries. Of course, it should also be emphasized that Jilin Province should aim at the categories of emergency industries, perfect the market operation mechanism, properly handle the contradictions between supply and demand, constantly improve the guidance and standardization of policies, and perfect the standard system. It is necessary to lay the foundation for the development of emergency industries; rationally formulate fiscal and taxation policies, perfect government financing policies, and provide financial support for enterprises; and further increase the investment of scientific research teams to bring up senior talents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F426.4

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