本文選題：產(chǎn)能過剩 + 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)　； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：在2016年中央經(jīng)濟(jì)工作會議中,中央將“去產(chǎn)能”作為今年經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的第一位。產(chǎn)能過剩已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)階段我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的一大頑疾。但一直以來鮮有從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論層面思考產(chǎn)能過剩的原因。本文從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的視角,主要采用定性分析與定量分析相結(jié)合、實證分析與規(guī)范分析相結(jié)合的分析方法,提出產(chǎn)能過剩是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)內(nèi)在缺陷的外在表現(xiàn),從而還原產(chǎn)能過剩的本質(zhì)及其根源。一般認(rèn)為,產(chǎn)能過剩是市場對商品需求與供給的偏差,從而使得實際生產(chǎn)能力的利用低于現(xiàn)已投入的生產(chǎn)能力,并達(dá)到一定嚴(yán)重程度而形成生產(chǎn)能力的過剩。產(chǎn)能過剩是過度競爭的結(jié)果,是產(chǎn)業(yè)組織、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不平衡的外在表現(xiàn)。而從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論層面思考,產(chǎn)能過剩是市場失靈的具體體現(xiàn),是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下兩種含義社會必要勞動時間對生產(chǎn)要素錯配的結(jié)果：第一種含義社會必要勞動時間對生產(chǎn)要素的錯配,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)業(yè)組織關(guān)系的惡化,并以大量代表過剩產(chǎn)能的企業(yè)仍參與社會生產(chǎn)為表象,造成行業(yè)整體的生產(chǎn)能力的過剩；第二種含義社會必要勞動時間對生產(chǎn)要素的錯配,引起產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的失衡,外在表現(xiàn)為某些行業(yè)“滯留”大量生產(chǎn)要素,引發(fā)產(chǎn)能過剩。但這只是對產(chǎn)能過剩現(xiàn)象的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)抽象,并非是產(chǎn)能過剩發(fā)生的根源。通過對生產(chǎn)相對過剩危機(jī)理論的類比分析與市場經(jīng)濟(jì)制度的分析,認(rèn)為商品私人勞動與社會勞動的矛盾是產(chǎn)能過剩發(fā)生的內(nèi)在原因,而市場經(jīng)濟(jì)自身發(fā)展的趨勢帶來的生產(chǎn)與消費的矛盾是產(chǎn)能過剩發(fā)生的直接原因。產(chǎn)能過剩是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)內(nèi)在缺陷的外在表現(xiàn),是市場失靈的具體體現(xiàn)。因此,化解產(chǎn)能過剩,雖然很需要從需求側(cè)緩解產(chǎn)能過剩,但更重要的是應(yīng)當(dāng)從供給側(cè)著手以解決產(chǎn)能過剩,積極發(fā)揮政府的作用,通過制定合理有效的產(chǎn)業(yè)組織、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)政策,校正市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的缺陷,從根本上化解產(chǎn)能過剩。
[Abstract]:In the 2016 Central Economic work Conference, the central government will "deproductivity" as the first economic work this year. Overcapacity has become a major disease of our economy at this stage. But there has been little consideration of the causes of overcapacity from the political economic theory. From the perspective of political economy, this paper mainly adopts the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, empirical analysis and normative analysis, and points out that overcapacity is the external manifestation of the inherent defects of market economy. So as to reduce the nature of excess capacity and its root. It is generally believed that overcapacity is the deviation between the demand and supply of commodities in the market, which makes the utilization of the actual production capacity lower than the productive capacity that has been put in now, and reaches a certain degree of severity, thus forming the excess production capacity. Overcapacity is the result of excessive competition and the external manifestation of industrial organization and industrial structure imbalance. From the perspective of political economy theory, overcapacity is the concrete embodiment of market failure. It is the result of mismatch of social necessary labor time to production factor under the condition of market economy. First, the mismatch of necessary social labor time to production factor leads to the deterioration of industrial organization relationship. And taking a large number of enterprises representing excess capacity as the appearance of participating in social production, resulting in the excess production capacity of the whole industry; second, the mismatch of the necessary labor time to the factors of production in the second kind of meaning, causing the imbalance of the industrial structure, External performance for some industries, "stranded" a large number of factors of production, causing overcapacity. But this is a political economic abstraction of overcapacity, not a source of overcapacity. Through the analogy analysis of the theory of relative excess production crisis and the analysis of the market economy system, it is concluded that the contradiction between the private labor of commodity and the social labor is the internal cause of overcapacity. The contradiction between production and consumption brought by the development trend of market economy is the direct cause of overcapacity. Overcapacity is the external manifestation of the inherent defects of market economy and the concrete embodiment of market failure. Therefore, although it is very necessary to alleviate overcapacity on the demand side, it is more important to tackle overcapacity on the supply side, to give full play to the role of the government, and to develop a reasonable and effective industrial organization. The industrial structure policy, corrects the market economy flaw, solves the overcapacity fundamentally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F124

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