本文選題：寶應(yīng)縣 + 河蟹�。� 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：中華絨螯蟹(Eriocheir sisensis H),又稱河蟹,是我國特有的名優(yōu)水產(chǎn)品,主要分布在我國長江、遼河、甌江流域。河蟹是長江中下游等地區(qū)重要的養(yǎng)殖對象,經(jīng)過三十余年的發(fā)展,河蟹養(yǎng)殖業(yè)已成為我國獨(dú)具特色的產(chǎn)業(yè),有力地帶動了飼料、漁藥、餐飲、旅游、貿(mào)易等相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。河蟹養(yǎng)殖業(yè)是我國漁業(yè)生產(chǎn)中發(fā)展最為迅速、最具特色、最具潛力的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),隨著農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,河蟹養(yǎng)殖業(yè)對于調(diào)整農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收發(fā)揮了重要作用。江蘇省河蟹產(chǎn)量占全國總產(chǎn)量的一半以上,產(chǎn)值達(dá)150億元,是江蘇第一個產(chǎn)值過百億的水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)。河蟹養(yǎng)殖也是寶應(yīng)縣的漁業(yè)支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),2014年全縣河蟹養(yǎng)殖面積26.5萬畝,占水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖總面積的50.1%,河蟹總產(chǎn)量2.5萬噸,占全縣水產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量的14.8%。河蟹單項(xiàng)產(chǎn)值達(dá)20億元,占漁業(yè)總產(chǎn)值的比重達(dá)37.8%,全縣漁農(nóng)民來自河蟹的人均純收入達(dá)1000元。寶應(yīng)湖河蟹養(yǎng)殖已經(jīng)逐漸形成了專業(yè)化扣蟹培育、精品化成蟹養(yǎng)殖和統(tǒng)一化品牌銷售的產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展格局。近年來,隨著寶應(yīng)縣河蟹養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模的急劇擴(kuò)大,生產(chǎn)的飛速發(fā)展,河蟹養(yǎng)殖中的種質(zhì)資源退化、養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境惡化、病害日益嚴(yán)重及成蟹質(zhì)量下降等深層次的問題逐步暴露出來。培育優(yōu)良養(yǎng)殖品種,推廣先進(jìn)科學(xué)的養(yǎng)殖技術(shù),提高河蟹養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)管理水平,堅(jiān)持健康綠色養(yǎng)殖,優(yōu)化養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境,生產(chǎn)無公害的綠色產(chǎn)品成為產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重點(diǎn)。發(fā)展河蟹生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖就是綜合運(yùn)用天然資源與人工養(yǎng)殖相結(jié)合,利用養(yǎng)殖規(guī)律和科學(xué)技術(shù)相結(jié)合,養(yǎng)成大規(guī)格高產(chǎn)量的優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品,提高生產(chǎn)效益。通過合理的養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境營造,打造一個水、底、草、藻、菌、蟲、螺、蟹生態(tài)平衡的綠色生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)。為促進(jìn)寶應(yīng)縣河蟹生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)健康快速發(fā)展,本文研究了以環(huán)境營造、水質(zhì)調(diào)控和投入品管理等為核心的河蟹生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖技術(shù),分析了技術(shù)發(fā)展存在的問題和相應(yīng)對策。同時,從寶應(yīng)河蟹產(chǎn)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀及存在的主要問題出發(fā),提出了做大、做強(qiáng)寶應(yīng)河蟹產(chǎn)業(yè)的思路,從專業(yè)化苗種培育、調(diào)整生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖結(jié)構(gòu)、加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo)、強(qiáng)化產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營、培植龍頭企業(yè)、實(shí)施品牌戰(zhàn)略、發(fā)展河蟹文化等多方面提出了寶應(yīng)河蟹生態(tài)養(yǎng)殖產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展策略。
[Abstract]:Eriocheir sisensis, also known as river crab, is a unique and famous aquatic product in China. It mainly distributes in Yangtze River, Liaohe River and Oujiang River valley in China. River crab is an important culturing object in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. After more than 30 years' development, the river crab breeding industry has become a unique industry in our country, which has promoted the development of feed, fishery, medicine, catering, tourism, trade and other related industries. River crab farming is the pillar industry with the most rapid development, the most characteristic and the most potential in the fishery production of our country. With the adjustment of the rural industrial structure, the river crab breeding industry has played an important role in adjusting the rural industrial structure and promoting the increase of farmers' income. The yield of river crabs in Jiangsu Province accounts for more than half of the total output of the country, and the output value is 15 billion yuan, which is the first aquaculture industry in Jiangsu Province with an output value of more than 10 billion yuan. River crab culture is also a pillar industry of fishery in Baoying County. In 2014, the area of river crab cultivation in the whole county was 265000 mu, accounting for 50.1 mu of the total area of aquaculture, and the total output of river crab was 25000 tons, accounting for 14.8% of the total aquatic product output of the whole county. The single output value of river crab is 2 billion yuan, which accounts for 37.8% of the total fishery output value, and the per capita net income of fishing farmers from river crab reaches 1000 yuan in the whole county. The breeding of river crabs in Baoying Lake has gradually formed the industrialized development pattern of specialized crabs cultivation, fine products into crab breeding and unified brand sales. In recent years, with the rapid expansion of river crab farming industry in Baoying County and the rapid development of production, the germplasm resources in river crab culture have been degraded, and the breeding environment has deteriorated. The disease is becoming more and more serious and the quality of adult crab is declining. Cultivating fine breed, popularizing advanced and scientific breeding technology, improving management level of river crab breeding, insisting on healthy green culture, optimizing breeding environment and producing pollution-free green products have become the focus of industry development. To develop ecological culture of river crab is to combine natural resources with artificial culture, combine breeding law with science and technology, develop high quality products with large scale and high yield, and improve production efficiency. Create a green production system of water, bottom, grass, algae, bacteria, insect, snail and crab. In order to promote the healthy and rapid development of ecological culture industry of river crab in Baoying County, this paper studied the ecological culture technology of river crab with the core of environmental construction, water quality control and input management, and analyzed the problems existing in the technology development and the corresponding countermeasures. At the same time, based on the present situation and main problems of Baoying river crab industry, this paper puts forward the idea of making the crab industry bigger and stronger, from the view of specialized seedling breeding, adjusting ecological breeding structure, strengthening policy guidance and strengthening industrialization management. Cultivating leading enterprises, carrying out brand strategy, developing crab culture and so on, this paper puts forward the development strategy of ecological breeding industrialization of Baoying river crab.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F326.4

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