本文關(guān)鍵詞： 工業(yè) 產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移 隨機(jī)前沿生產(chǎn)函數(shù) 技術(shù)效率　出處：《西北師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,東部地區(qū)憑借著優(yōu)越的地理位置和優(yōu)厚的政策吸引了發(fā)達(dá)國家和地區(qū)在此投資建廠。中國的制造業(yè)有著其它地區(qū)無法比擬的勞動(dòng)力和要素成本優(yōu)勢(shì),借此中國逐漸成為了世界工廠。然而隨著東部沿海地區(qū)工業(yè)集聚程度的加深,資源、環(huán)境等承載壓力逐漸增大,擁擠現(xiàn)象越發(fā)嚴(yán)重,技術(shù)效率也因受到了擁擠效應(yīng)的影響而不斷降低,土地供給的壓力也促使著東部地區(qū)的企業(yè)向外轉(zhuǎn)移。與此同時(shí),中、西部地區(qū)的工業(yè)比重明顯偏低,尤其是西部地區(qū)相對(duì)于其它地區(qū)來說工業(yè)比重一直處于較低的水平,工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的緩慢嚴(yán)重影響了其技術(shù)效率的改善。然而,西部地區(qū)有著廉價(jià)的要素資源和巨大的市場(chǎng)潛力,這對(duì)于東部地區(qū)的部分企業(yè)來說有著天然的吸引力。如果能夠?qū)|部地區(qū)部分失去比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移到西部地區(qū)來,不僅可以減輕東部地區(qū)的擁擠效應(yīng),還可以促進(jìn)西部地區(qū)的工業(yè)化進(jìn)程,最重要的是兩者的技術(shù)效率都將得到改善。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的研究開展較早,但是較少有人研究產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)出地和承接地技術(shù)效率的影響,本文以工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值占全國比重的變化來代表相對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移,以1990—2011年中國30個(gè)省份的數(shù)據(jù)為研究對(duì)象,考察產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)不同地區(qū)技術(shù)效率的影響。首先利用全國30個(gè)省22年的GDP、勞動(dòng)和資本數(shù)據(jù),采用隨機(jī)前沿生產(chǎn)函數(shù)模型求出各個(gè)省每一年份的技術(shù)效率,然后建立起產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移與技術(shù)效率兩者之間的模型,探討兩者之間的到底存在著怎樣的關(guān)系。研究的結(jié)果表明:技術(shù)效率從高到低依次為東部、東北、中部和西部地區(qū),而且技術(shù)效率還有不斷惡化的趨勢(shì)。處于東部和中部地區(qū)的省份,其工業(yè)產(chǎn)值占全國比重的上升會(huì)使其技術(shù)效率惡化,但是位于西部地區(qū)省份的效率水平會(huì)隨著比重的上升而提高。工業(yè)比重的上升對(duì)技術(shù)效率的影響隨著生產(chǎn)單位所在區(qū)域的不同而不同。因此,如果能采取有效措施將東部地區(qū)失去優(yōu)勢(shì)的產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移到西部地區(qū)來,不僅可以在全國層面上優(yōu)化資源的空間配置,更能促進(jìn)中國整體技術(shù)效率的提升。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up. The eastern region has attracted developed countries and regions to invest and build factories here by virtue of its superior geographical location and favorable policies. China's manufacturing industry has an unparalleled advantage in labor and factor costs compared with other regions. As a result, China has gradually become the world's factory. However, with the deepening of industrial agglomeration in the eastern coastal areas, the pressure of carrying resources and environment is gradually increasing, and the congestion is becoming more and more serious. The technical efficiency is also reduced because of the effect of congestion, and the pressure of land supply is also promoting the enterprises in the eastern region to move outward. At the same time, the proportion of industry in the western region is obviously low. Especially compared with other regions, the industrial proportion of the western region has been in a low level, the slow process of industrialization has seriously affected the improvement of its technical efficiency. The western region has the cheap essential factor resources and the huge market potential. This is a natural attraction for some enterprises in the eastern region. If we can transfer the enterprises losing the comparative advantage in the eastern region to the western region, it can not only reduce the congestion effect in the eastern region. It can also promote the process of industrialization in the western region, the most important thing is that the technical efficiency of both will be improved. However, few people study the impact of industrial transfer on the transfer and acceptance of technology efficiency. This paper takes the change of the proportion of industrial output value in the whole country to represent the relative industrial transfer. Based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 1990 to 2011, the effects of industrial transfer on the technical efficiency of different regions were investigated. Firstly, the GDP of 30 provinces in China was used for 22 years. Based on the data of labor and capital, the technical efficiency of each province is calculated by using the stochastic frontier production function model, and then the model between industrial transfer and technological efficiency is established. The research results show that the order of technical efficiency from high to low is the eastern, northeast, central and western regions. There is also a tendency for technological efficiency to deteriorate. In provinces in the eastern and central regions, an increase in the share of industrial output in the whole country will worsen its technical efficiency. However, the efficiency level of the provinces in the western region will increase with the increase of the proportion of industry. The impact of the rise of industrial proportion on the technical efficiency varies with the region where the production units are located. If we can take effective measures to transfer the industries in the east to the western regions, we can not only optimize the spatial allocation of resources at the national level, but also promote the overall technological efficiency of China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F224;F424

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