發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-06 08:09

【摘要】：目的:本文從社會(huì)公眾視角,了解江西省社區(qū)居民食品安全相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉情況和居民對(duì)食品安全現(xiàn)狀的滿(mǎn)意度情況,探討影響社區(qū)居民食品安全知識(shí)知曉以及滿(mǎn)意度的影響因素,分析食品安全監(jiān)管中存在問(wèn)題,為提高居民食品安全意識(shí)、減少和預(yù)防各類(lèi)食品安全事故、為政府部門(mén)制定食品安全相關(guān)知識(shí)宣傳教育策略和加強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)督管理提供理論依據(jù)。方法:采用分層整群隨機(jī)抽樣方法抽取江西省12個(gè)縣(區(qū))24個(gè)街道或鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)1216例社區(qū)居民,通過(guò)對(duì)社區(qū)居民的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)流行病學(xué)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,獲得了社區(qū)居民的食品安全知識(shí)知曉及滿(mǎn)意情況。運(yùn)用描述性分析、卡方檢驗(yàn)和二分類(lèi)Logistic回歸分析方法進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。結(jié)果:(1)江西省1216例社區(qū)居民對(duì)食品安全相關(guān)知識(shí)的總體知曉率為77.1%。不同人群在食品安全知識(shí)總體知曉方面存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異,其中:男性居民知曉率要高于女性居民(c2=8.392,P=0.004);未婚居民的知曉率高于其他婚姻狀況的居民(c2=11.959,P=0.003);城市居民的知曉率高于農(nóng)村居民(c2=10.515,P=0.001);居民的年齡越低、文化程度和月收入越高,其知曉率越高,P值均小于0.05。Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,文化程度、月收入狀況是影響居民食品安全知識(shí)總體知曉率的顯著影響因素(P0.05)。(2)江西省1216例社區(qū)居民食品安全現(xiàn)狀總體滿(mǎn)意度一般及以上占比85.8%,食品安全監(jiān)管工作滿(mǎn)意度一般及以上占比69.4%。Logistic回歸分析結(jié)果顯示,文化程度、食品從業(yè)人員與否是影響居民對(duì)目前居住地區(qū)食品安全總體情況滿(mǎn)意與否的顯著影響因素(P0.05),文化程度、食品從業(yè)人員與否、月收入狀況是影響居民對(duì)轄區(qū)基層食品監(jiān)管工作滿(mǎn)意與否的影響因素(P0.05)。(3)社區(qū)居民獲得食品安全知識(shí)的主要途徑是電視和網(wǎng)絡(luò),最相信政府部門(mén)發(fā)布的食品安全信息,同時(shí)最需要安全飲食方面的知識(shí)。結(jié)論:江西省社區(qū)居民食品安全知識(shí)掌握較好,但對(duì)食品添加劑的認(rèn)識(shí)存在一定的誤區(qū),仍需進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的宣傳教育。應(yīng)制定有針對(duì)性的宣傳教育策略,特別是加強(qiáng)對(duì)文化程度較低、月收入較少以及農(nóng)村居民等重點(diǎn)人群的食品安全相關(guān)知識(shí)的教育,提高其食品安全知識(shí)和意識(shí)。江西省社區(qū)居民對(duì)食品安全總體滿(mǎn)意度相對(duì)較好,但對(duì)食品安全監(jiān)管工作的滿(mǎn)意度較低。江西省當(dāng)前的食品安全監(jiān)管存在薄弱環(huán)節(jié),應(yīng)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)督管理,探索社會(huì)共治的監(jiān)管模式,發(fā)揮社會(huì)監(jiān)管的作用,構(gòu)建有效信息發(fā)布平臺(tái),提高食品安全信息透明度,提高居民的食品安全滿(mǎn)意度水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the knowledge of food safety among community residents in Jiangxi Province from the perspective of the public and the satisfaction of residents with the status quo of food safety. In order to improve the residents' awareness of food safety and to reduce and prevent all kinds of food safety accidents, the factors influencing the knowledge and satisfaction of food safety of community residents were discussed, and the existing problems in food safety supervision were analyzed. It provides a theoretical basis for government departments to formulate food safety related knowledge propaganda and education strategy and to strengthen food safety supervision and management. Methods: 1216 community residents in 24 streets or towns in 12 counties (districts) of Jiangxi Province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The food safety knowledge and satisfaction of community residents were obtained. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test and two-classification Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: (1) the awareness rate of 1216 community residents about food safety was 77.1%. There were significant differences in the overall knowledge of food safety among different population groups. Among them, the awareness rate of male residents was higher than that of female residents (c2n8.392P0. 004). The awareness rate of unmarried residents was higher than that of other marital status residents (c2n 11.959 P0. 003), and the awareness rate of urban residents was higher than that of rural residents (c2 + 10. 515% P0. 001). The lower the age, the higher the education level and monthly income, the higher the awareness rate. P value was lower than that of 0.05.Logistic regression analysis. Monthly income was a significant factor affecting the overall awareness rate of residents' food safety knowledge (P0.05). (2). The overall satisfaction rate of 1216 community residents in Jiangxi Province was generally higher than 85.8%. The results of 69.4%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of food safety supervision job satisfaction was generally higher than that of food safety supervision. Whether the food practitioners are satisfied with the overall situation of food safety in the living areas is a significant factor (P0.05), the education level, the food practitioners or not, Monthly income status is the influence factor of the residents' satisfaction with the grass-roots food supervision (P0.05). (3) the main way for community residents to acquire food safety knowledge is television and Internet. Most believe in food safety information published by government departments, and need knowledge of safe eating and drinking most. Conclusion: community residents in Jiangxi Province have a good knowledge of food safety, but there are some misunderstandings about food additives, so further propaganda and education are needed. It is necessary to formulate targeted propaganda and education strategies, especially to strengthen the education on food safety related knowledge of the key population, such as low education level, low monthly income and rural residents, so as to improve their knowledge and awareness of food safety. Community residents in Jiangxi Province were relatively satisfied with food safety in general, but less satisfied with food safety supervision. There are weak links in the current food safety supervision in Jiangxi Province. It is necessary to further strengthen the supervision and management of food safety, explore the mode of social co-management, give play to the role of social supervision, and build an effective information publishing platform. Improve the transparency of food safety information, improve the food safety satisfaction level of residents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R155;F203

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