【摘要】：人力資本理論能夠在一定程度上解釋勞動(dòng)者的職業(yè)選擇,但難以解釋中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)上高學(xué)歷勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)偏好集中于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低行業(yè)和代際間職業(yè)流動(dòng)性偏低的現(xiàn)實(shí)。本文在勞動(dòng)者職業(yè)選擇分析中引入勞動(dòng)者風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好異質(zhì)性,使用CHNS1989-2011年的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)偏好的代際傳遞及對(duì)子女職業(yè)選擇的影響進(jìn)行分析,并嘗試解釋產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因及其內(nèi)在機(jī)理。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)上存在較顯著的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)代際傳遞現(xiàn)象,勞動(dòng)者的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)態(tài)度不僅存在于個(gè)體間的差異,也存在于單一勞動(dòng)者不同年齡層次上的差異。(2)這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的代際傳遞影響著子女的職業(yè)選擇,是代際職業(yè)流動(dòng)性偏低的重要原因之一。(3)導(dǎo)致這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)代際傳遞的內(nèi)在原因,在于子女同家庭成員間內(nèi)部行為互動(dòng),以及子女與同群者的外部行為互動(dòng)。因此,中國(guó)目前社會(huì)上"二代"現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生,除了與子女人力資本積累程度相關(guān)外,還與勞動(dòng)者對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的基本態(tài)度相聯(lián)系。年輕一代勞動(dòng)者在職業(yè)選擇方面的保守行為,實(shí)際上是中國(guó)社會(huì)目前整體厭惡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)實(shí)的一個(gè)具體體現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The theory of human capital can explain the workers' career choice to a certain extent, but it is difficult to explain the fact that the employment preference of the highly educated workers in China's labor market is concentrated in low-risk industries and intergenerational occupational mobility. This paper introduces the heterogeneity of laborer's risk preference into the analysis of workers' career choice, and analyzes the intergenerational transmission of this risk preference and its influence on children's career choice by using the data of CHNS1989-2011 year. And try to explain the cause of this phenomenon and its internal mechanism. The findings are as follows: (1) there is a significant phenomenon of intergenerational risk transmission in China's labor market, and the risk attitude of workers is not only different from individual to individual. There are also differences in the age levels of single workers. (2) the intergenerational transmission of this risk affects the career choices of children, It is one of the important reasons for the low intergenerational occupational mobility. (3) the internal behavior interaction between children and family members, as well as the external behavior interaction between children and the same group, is the internal reason leading to the intergenerational transmission of risk. Therefore, the emergence of the "second generation" phenomenon in China is not only related to the accumulation of children's human capital, but also related to the basic attitude of workers towards risk. The conservative behavior of young workers in career choice is in fact a concrete embodiment of the overall risk-averse reality in Chinese society at present.
【作者單位】： 中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)財(cái)稅學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部青年基金(16YJC790148) 博士后科學(xué)基金(2016M590069)的階段性成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F249.2

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