基于工資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)法對(duì)我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力生命價(jià)值的估計(jì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-23 10:56
【摘要】：本文研究統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義上我國(guó)人口的生命價(jià)值。文章基于2012年中國(guó)綜合社會(huì)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),采用工資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)法,建立享樂(lè)主義工資模型,對(duì)我國(guó)勞動(dòng)者的生命價(jià)值進(jìn)行測(cè)度。本文不僅對(duì)我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力生命價(jià)值進(jìn)行全面的測(cè)度,還要按照城鄉(xiāng)、地區(qū)、行業(yè)等情況劃分,分部探討各個(gè)情況下我國(guó)勞動(dòng)者生命價(jià)值的具體情況。文章測(cè)得我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力的平均生命價(jià)值為5751.3萬(wàn)元,即相當(dāng)于2000年694.77萬(wàn)美元。這一數(shù)值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)我國(guó)勞動(dòng)力生命價(jià)值的估算值,該數(shù)值也遠(yuǎn)高于目前我國(guó)死亡賠付標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。我國(guó)法律條款規(guī)定無(wú)論是職工傷亡還是意外事故死亡,賠付標(biāo)準(zhǔn)都是以勞動(dòng)者工資為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行一定倍數(shù)的補(bǔ)償�，F(xiàn)行的傷亡賠償機(jī)制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)存在著不小的問(wèn)題,它只考慮了個(gè)體生命價(jià)值中的勞動(dòng)價(jià)值因素,忽略了人的社會(huì)價(jià)值以及個(gè)體對(duì)自己的價(jià)值判斷。此外,我國(guó)的死亡賠償金額遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于國(guó)外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。國(guó)內(nèi)計(jì)算賠償金方法單一,一般與所在地區(qū)平均工資掛鉤,精神損害撫慰金也非常低,而國(guó)外計(jì)算賠償金額的方法比較復(fù)雜,考慮因素更加全面。本文所測(cè)算出來(lái)的生命價(jià)值估算值雖然不能直接成為死亡賠償標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但是能為衡量個(gè)體生命價(jià)值以及評(píng)估加強(qiáng)安全措施所帶來(lái)的收益提供重要依據(jù),來(lái)彌補(bǔ)當(dāng)前賠償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不足。我國(guó)未來(lái)的賠償體系也應(yīng)該多借鑒西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的經(jīng)驗(yàn),努力提高我國(guó)人口在死亡賠償方面的待遇。我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)勞動(dòng)力生命價(jià)值是農(nóng)村的3倍左右,暴露出我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入嚴(yán)重不平等的殘酷現(xiàn)實(shí)。我國(guó)人口的生命價(jià)值在東、中、西部地區(qū)之間也存在差異。目前我國(guó)的法律對(duì)于致命事故的賠償標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在城鄉(xiāng)以及不同地區(qū)的巨大差異也非常不合理。一方面,政府應(yīng)該投入更多的教育經(jīng)費(fèi)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)在農(nóng)村以及中西部偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū),提高這些地區(qū)的勞動(dòng)工人的平均工資;另一方面,我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的賠償法律應(yīng)該結(jié)合地方差異做出修改,使得其更加公平。普通行業(yè)勞動(dòng)者的生命的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)價(jià)值是危險(xiǎn)行業(yè)勞動(dòng)者的2倍左右,而危險(xiǎn)行業(yè)的平均工資并不低,這暴露出我國(guó)危險(xiǎn)行業(yè)存在嚴(yán)重的勞動(dòng)收入的差別化問(wèn)題。高的利潤(rùn)被行業(yè)少數(shù)人壟斷,而大部分底層的勞動(dòng)者得不到與工作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)強(qiáng)度匹配的勞動(dòng)收入。國(guó)家應(yīng)該出臺(tái)專門針對(duì)危險(xiǎn)行業(yè)的法律條款,以保護(hù)這些行業(yè)底層勞動(dòng)者的權(quán)益。此外,針對(duì)高危行業(yè)領(lǐng)域例如煤礦、化工、建筑工地事故頻發(fā)的情況,國(guó)家應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步完善問(wèn)責(zé)機(jī)制,同時(shí)充分考慮遇難者的家庭社會(huì)情況,提高在事故中遇難的職工的賠償金額,督促企業(yè)加強(qiáng)生產(chǎn)安全的法律條款也應(yīng)該落實(shí)到位。參加工會(huì)的職工生命價(jià)值遠(yuǎn)高于沒(méi)有參加工會(huì)的職工,這充分說(shuō)明了工會(huì)對(duì)于提高勞動(dòng)力生命價(jià)值的正面作用。參加工會(huì)的員工比沒(méi)參加工會(huì)的員工更熟悉行業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),更具備與公司談判工資的能力。國(guó)內(nèi)的工會(huì)組織性質(zhì)與西方國(guó)家也相去甚遠(yuǎn),規(guī)模更是不可同日而語(yǔ)。因此,我認(rèn)為我國(guó)有必要學(xué)習(xí)西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的工會(huì)組織模式,以更好地保護(hù)勞動(dòng)者的利益。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the vital value of the population in the statistical sense. Based on the data of China's comprehensive social survey in 2012, the wage risk method is used to establish the hedonism salary model and measure the life value of the workers in our country. This paper not only makes a comprehensive measure of the value of the labor life of our country, but also divides the labor life value of our country according to the situation of urban and rural, district and industry. The average life value of China's labor force is 5751 million yuan, which is equivalent to US $694.77 million in 2000. This value is much higher than that of domestic and foreign scholars on the value of our country's labor life, which is also much higher than the current standard of death compensation in our country. The legal provisions of our country stipulate that whether the worker or the worker is dead or the accident is dead, the compensation standard is to make a certain multiple of compensation based on the worker's salary. The existing standard of casualty compensation is a problem, which only takes into account the labor value of the individual's life value, and ignores the human's social value and the individual's judgment on the value of the individual's value. In addition, the amount of death compensation in our country is far lower than that of the developed countries. The method of compensation for compensation in the country is single, which is usually linked to the average wage of the area in which the compensation fund is located. The method for calculating the amount of compensation abroad is more complex and the factors are more comprehensive. Although the estimated value of the life value can not be directly the death compensation standard, it can provide an important basis for measuring the value of the individual's life and evaluating the benefits of strengthening the safety measures to make up for the deficiency of the current compensation standard. The future compensation system of our country should also draw on the experience of the western developed countries, and improve the treatment of our country's population in the aspect of death compensation. The life value of the urban labor force in our country is about three times that of the rural area, which exposes the cruel reality of the serious and non-equal income of the urban and rural residents in our country. The life value of the population in our country is also different between the east, the middle and the west. At present, the law of our country is very unreasonable for the compensation standard of the fatal accident in urban and rural areas and in different areas. On the one hand, the government should put more education on education and infrastructure in the rural areas and remote areas of the central and western regions to increase the average wage of the working workers in these areas; on the other hand, the current compensation law in China should be modified in combination with local differences, making it more equitable. The statistics value of the life of the workers in the general industry is about 2 times that of the workers in the dangerous industry, and the average wage of the dangerous industry is not low, which exposes the differential problem of the serious labor income in the dangerous industry in our country. High profits are monopolized by the industry's few, and most of the workers at the bottom do not have a labor income that matches the job's risk of work. The State should introduce legal provisions specifically for hazardous industries in order to protect the rights and interests of the workers in these sectors. in addition, in that case of frequent accident in the field of high-risk industry, such as coal mine, chemical industry and construction site, the state should further improve the accountability mechanism, take full account of the families and social situation of the victims, and increase the compensation amount of the workers killed in the accident, The legal provisions that urge the enterprise to strengthen the production safety should also be put into place. The value of life of the workers participating in the trade union is much higher than that of the workers who do not participate in the trade union, which fully illustrates the positive role of the trade union in raising the value of the life of the labor force. Employees who participate in trade unions are more familiar with the risks of the industry than those who do not participate in trade unions, and have the ability to negotiate wages with the company. The nature of the trade union organization in the country is far from that of the western countries, and the scale is not the same. Therefore, I think it is necessary for our country to study the trade union model of the western developed countries in order to better protect the interests of the workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F249.2;D412.6
本文編號(hào)：2351343
[Abstract]:This paper studies the vital value of the population in the statistical sense. Based on the data of China's comprehensive social survey in 2012, the wage risk method is used to establish the hedonism salary model and measure the life value of the workers in our country. This paper not only makes a comprehensive measure of the value of the labor life of our country, but also divides the labor life value of our country according to the situation of urban and rural, district and industry. The average life value of China's labor force is 5751 million yuan, which is equivalent to US $694.77 million in 2000. This value is much higher than that of domestic and foreign scholars on the value of our country's labor life, which is also much higher than the current standard of death compensation in our country. The legal provisions of our country stipulate that whether the worker or the worker is dead or the accident is dead, the compensation standard is to make a certain multiple of compensation based on the worker's salary. The existing standard of casualty compensation is a problem, which only takes into account the labor value of the individual's life value, and ignores the human's social value and the individual's judgment on the value of the individual's value. In addition, the amount of death compensation in our country is far lower than that of the developed countries. The method of compensation for compensation in the country is single, which is usually linked to the average wage of the area in which the compensation fund is located. The method for calculating the amount of compensation abroad is more complex and the factors are more comprehensive. Although the estimated value of the life value can not be directly the death compensation standard, it can provide an important basis for measuring the value of the individual's life and evaluating the benefits of strengthening the safety measures to make up for the deficiency of the current compensation standard. The future compensation system of our country should also draw on the experience of the western developed countries, and improve the treatment of our country's population in the aspect of death compensation. The life value of the urban labor force in our country is about three times that of the rural area, which exposes the cruel reality of the serious and non-equal income of the urban and rural residents in our country. The life value of the population in our country is also different between the east, the middle and the west. At present, the law of our country is very unreasonable for the compensation standard of the fatal accident in urban and rural areas and in different areas. On the one hand, the government should put more education on education and infrastructure in the rural areas and remote areas of the central and western regions to increase the average wage of the working workers in these areas; on the other hand, the current compensation law in China should be modified in combination with local differences, making it more equitable. The statistics value of the life of the workers in the general industry is about 2 times that of the workers in the dangerous industry, and the average wage of the dangerous industry is not low, which exposes the differential problem of the serious labor income in the dangerous industry in our country. High profits are monopolized by the industry's few, and most of the workers at the bottom do not have a labor income that matches the job's risk of work. The State should introduce legal provisions specifically for hazardous industries in order to protect the rights and interests of the workers in these sectors. in addition, in that case of frequent accident in the field of high-risk industry, such as coal mine, chemical industry and construction site, the state should further improve the accountability mechanism, take full account of the families and social situation of the victims, and increase the compensation amount of the workers killed in the accident, The legal provisions that urge the enterprise to strengthen the production safety should also be put into place. The value of life of the workers participating in the trade union is much higher than that of the workers who do not participate in the trade union, which fully illustrates the positive role of the trade union in raising the value of the life of the labor force. Employees who participate in trade unions are more familiar with the risks of the industry than those who do not participate in trade unions, and have the ability to negotiate wages with the company. The nature of the trade union organization in the country is far from that of the western countries, and the scale is not the same. Therefore, I think it is necessary for our country to study the trade union model of the western developed countries in order to better protect the interests of the workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F249.2;D412.6
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條
1 劉秀光;;生命價(jià)值計(jì)算與生命損失賠償[J];河南科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2013年04期
2 梅強(qiáng);楊宗康;劉素霞;;基于工資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)法的生命價(jià)值評(píng)估[J];中國(guó)安全科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2012年08期
3 程啟智;吳濘江;李文鴻;;生命價(jià)值評(píng)估的人力資本模型選擇——基于健康和安全管制效益評(píng)價(jià)[J];管理學(xué)刊;2011年01期
4 劉文歌;趙勝川;;道路交通統(tǒng)計(jì)生命價(jià)值研究進(jìn)展及成果綜述[J];交通信息與安全;2010年03期
5 梅強(qiáng);楊宗康;劉素霞;陸玉梅;;條件價(jià)值法評(píng)估生命價(jià)值的應(yīng)用探討[J];中國(guó)安全科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2009年12期
6 梅強(qiáng);陸玉梅;;基于條件價(jià)值法的生命價(jià)值評(píng)估[J];管理世界;2008年06期
7 王玉懷,李祥儀;煤礦事故中生命價(jià)值經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)探討[J];中國(guó)安全科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年08期
8 屠文娟,張超,湯培榮;基于生命經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值理論的企業(yè)安全投資技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)分析[J];中國(guó)安全科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2003年10期
9 梅強(qiáng),陸玉梅;事故經(jīng)濟(jì)損失估算模型的研究[J];技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì);1997年10期
，本文編號(hào)：2351343
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/jingjifazhanlunwen/2351343.html
最近更新
教材專著
