【摘要】：食品是維持人類(lèi)生存的必需品,它與人們的身體健康和生命安全緊密關(guān)聯(lián),食品安全問(wèn)題已成為現(xiàn)今國(guó)內(nèi)社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),關(guān)乎公共安全,是典型的民生問(wèn)題。目前我國(guó)的食品安全形勢(shì)依然嚴(yán)峻,黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院對(duì)此高度重視,要求用“四個(gè)最嚴(yán)”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)做好食品安全工作,建立和完善統(tǒng)一權(quán)威的食品安全監(jiān)管體制。近幾年來(lái),在我國(guó)從中央到地方自上而下的進(jìn)行了食品藥品監(jiān)管體制改革,其核心內(nèi)容是一改過(guò)去分段監(jiān)管的模式,把食品的生產(chǎn)、流通、餐飲環(huán)節(jié)歸到一個(gè)部門(mén)。在這樣的改革背景下,各地根據(jù)實(shí)際開(kāi)始了各具特點(diǎn)的嘗試,其體制構(gòu)建所采取的形式五花八門(mén),有的并入到食藥監(jiān)管部門(mén),有的把工商、質(zhì)監(jiān)、食藥等幾個(gè)部門(mén)整合組建了綜合性的市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管部門(mén)。各地在改革探索中,取得了一定的積極成果,但也遇到了一些實(shí)際的監(jiān)管困境,尤其是“大市場(chǎng)”的監(jiān)管模式致使食品安全監(jiān)管職能在很多市縣被動(dòng)地削弱了,由此暴露出了一些體制建設(shè)上的缺陷。西鄉(xiāng)塘區(qū)作為南寧市面積最大、人口最多的城區(qū),有著“三小行業(yè)”多、高等院校多、人口密度大、流動(dòng)性高的特點(diǎn),食品安全監(jiān)管任務(wù)比較繁重。西鄉(xiāng)塘區(qū)以“網(wǎng)格化”監(jiān)管為主,但在協(xié)同性等方面仍顯不足。整體性治理理論作為對(duì)新公共管理運(yùn)動(dòng)給政府部門(mén)所帶來(lái)的“碎片化”問(wèn)題的一種修正,它是以“跨界性協(xié)作”為主要內(nèi)容,主張?jiān)诓幌块T(mén)專(zhuān)業(yè)分工、組織邊界的前提下,通過(guò)有效的制度化協(xié)同合作,促使上級(jí)與下級(jí)政府間、同級(jí)政府間、公共部門(mén)與私人部門(mén)之間進(jìn)行整合,建立起多種關(guān)系的協(xié)同行動(dòng),這對(duì)研究從“分段監(jiān)管”剛剛“整合”過(guò)來(lái)的食品安全監(jiān)管體制有很強(qiáng)的適用性。本文以南寧市西鄉(xiāng)塘區(qū)食品安全監(jiān)管體制為研究對(duì)象,以整體性治理等公共管理學(xué)科理論為指導(dǎo),剖析南寧市西鄉(xiāng)塘區(qū)食品安全監(jiān)管體制的優(yōu)勢(shì)與不足,同時(shí)從國(guó)內(nèi)外典型的食品安全監(jiān)管模式中提取有益借鑒,針對(duì)縣級(jí)政府構(gòu)建統(tǒng)一的食品安全體制提出強(qiáng)化食品安全協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)職能、建立獨(dú)立的專(zhuān)業(yè)化監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)多元化主體的公私合作、倡導(dǎo)公共利益為導(dǎo)向的理念四個(gè)方面的建議。希望通過(guò)本文的研究,能為做好“從農(nóng)田到餐桌”全過(guò)程的食品安全監(jiān)管提供幫助。
[Abstract]:Food is a necessity for human survival, which is closely related to people's health and safety. Food safety has become the focus of attention in our country, which is related to public safety and is a typical livelihood issue. At present, the situation of food safety in our country is still grim. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to it, and request to do a good job of food safety work according to the "four strictest" standards, and to establish and perfect a unified and authoritative food safety supervision system. In recent years, the reform of food and drug supervision system has been carried out from the central level to the local level in our country. The core content of the reform is to change the pattern of subsection supervision in the past, and to put the food production, circulation and catering links into one department. Against such a background of reform, various localities have started various attempts with their own characteristics in accordance with the actual situation. The forms taken in the construction of the system are varied. Some of them have been incorporated into the food and drug regulatory authorities, and some have incorporated industry and commerce and quality supervision. Food and medicine and other departments to integrate the formation of a comprehensive market regulatory department. Some positive results have been achieved in the exploration of reform in various localities, but some practical regulatory difficulties have also been encountered. In particular, the "big market" regulatory model has led to a passive weakening of the function of food safety supervision in many cities and counties. This exposed some defects in the construction of the system. As the largest and most populous city in Nanning, Xixiangtang District has many "three small industries", many colleges and universities, large population density, high mobility, and the task of food safety supervision is heavy. Xixiangtang area is mainly regulated by grid, but it is still insufficient in synergy and so on. As a revision of the "fragmentation" brought by the new public management movement to government departments, the theory of holistic governance takes "cross-border cooperation" as its main content, and advocates that the division of labor among departments should not be eliminated and the boundaries be organized. Through effective institutionalized collaborative cooperation, to promote integration between higher and lower levels of government, between the same level of government, between the public sector and the private sector, and to establish a variety of cooperative actions of relationships, This is applicable to the study of food safety regulatory system, which has just been integrated. This paper takes the food safety supervision system of Xixiangtang District of Nanning City as the research object, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the food safety supervision system in Xipangtang District, Nanning City, under the guidance of the theory of public management such as holistic governance. At the same time, draw useful reference from the typical food safety supervision mode at home and abroad, aiming at the county-level government to construct the unified food safety system, put forward to strengthen the function of food safety coordination organization, establish independent specialized supervision agency. Four suggestions are put forward to promote the public-private cooperation of pluralistic subjects and to advocate the idea of public interest-oriented. Through the research of this paper, we hope to provide help for the whole process of food safety supervision from farmland to table.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F203

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