福利國家延遲退休的模式與鏡鑒
[Abstract]:The increasing aging of the population has aggravated the impact on the retirement system and pensions, and delaying retirement has become the most direct practical point for countries in the world to deal with ageing. The welfare state has introduced one after another the adjustment of the retirement age. Implementation of the deferred retirement mechanism. Due to the influence of social background, political environment, economic system and welfare level, the retirement system of welfare state presents diversity, diversity and flexibility. According to the level of state welfare and the degree of employment promotion, the retirement system is divided into four types: the retirement mode of "high welfare and high employment", mainly represented by the social democratic welfare state, and the retirement mode of "high welfare and low employment". The retirement mode of "low welfare and high employment" is mainly represented by liberal welfare state, and the retirement mode of "low welfare and low employment" is mainly represented by our country. By examining four retirement patterns linked to benefits and employment, taking the delayed retirement system in Sweden, France, the United States and Japan as an example, and from the perspective of retirement intention, This paper discusses the international convergence and difference of delayed retirement in welfare state from three aspects: pension reform and adjustment of old age employment structure. It is found that retirement intention is closely related to retirement age through analysis of four countries' delayed retirement experience. The gradual delay of retirement age and the establishment of flexible retirement incentive mechanism can increase workers' willingness to delay retirement. The retirement system and the old-age insurance system complement each other, the perfect pension insurance system can make the delay retirement system carry out twice with half the effort, but the old age insurance system itself exists the malpractice and the question will let the retirement system reform effect greatly discount, therefore, The western welfare countries need to perfect the pension insurance system and optimize the reform and implementation environment of the retirement system while implementing the delayed retirement system. Delay in retirement inevitably requires the promotion of employment for the elderly and the alleviation of the pressure of pension payment and the shortage of labor by promoting employment of the middle-aged and the elderly. According to the retirement mode of the developed countries, we can know that in order to reduce the resistance, achieve the established goal and the best effect, we need to improve the incentive and restraint mechanism of the pension system in a timely and appropriate way. Gradually raising the retirement age, increasing the workers' willingness to delay retirement, and forming a "pull" because of the times of the situation; we also need to improve the multi-pillar pension system to reduce the worries of retirement. It is also necessary to construct an active labor market to promote middle-aged and senior citizens' employment, to form a "push" to conform to the trend, and to ensure a good employment environment for deferred retirement groups. To construct the "pull-tension-thrust" system with Chinese characteristics.
【作者單位】: 南京大學政府管理學院;
【基金】:國家社科基金項目(14BSH104)
【分類號】:F249.2
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