本文選題：合同能源管理 + 公共機構(gòu)��； 參考：《東華大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,行政管理的模式正在逐步將管理與服務有效地區(qū)分,從自行實施轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎徺I服務,從而更加有效地實施監(jiān)督,管辦分離,凸顯行政部門的監(jiān)管作用,真正貫徹中央關(guān)于“協(xié)同推進簡政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務”的要求,充分利用社會資源、企業(yè)資源,實施“小政府、大社會”的管理模式。對于公共機構(gòu)節(jié)能的推行,傳統(tǒng)的執(zhí)行途徑是通過每年的財政預算立項,以撥付的財政經(jīng)費對大能耗的設(shè)施設(shè)備進行節(jié)能技改,在更新、更換的過程中,資金占用多、財政壓力大,且大型設(shè)施設(shè)備(如空調(diào)、電梯等)的更新年限一般在10-15年左右。在經(jīng)濟全球化背景下,政府行政成本問題日益突出,財政預算不增反減,物料和人工成本卻不斷地增加,如何“節(jié)流”成為了行政管理在推行公共機構(gòu)節(jié)能過程中的瓶頸。目前政府正在探索用新的方式方法開展能源管理和節(jié)能改造,即通過合同能源管理的市場化運作方式,引導社會資本參與節(jié)能技改項目,推動節(jié)能產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。在合同能源管理的過程中,通過對權(quán)力和義務進行分解,節(jié)能效益分享,并最終體現(xiàn)于對能源資源的節(jié)約。本文簡要介紹了合同能源管理在我國的發(fā)展情況、常見的合同能源管理運作模式,重點就合同能源管理在公共機構(gòu)節(jié)能中的運用現(xiàn)狀、重點領(lǐng)域、實施優(yōu)勢等進行分析。以機關(guān)行政辦公樓、司法行政辦公樓、醫(yī)院及學校四種有代表性的公共機構(gòu)為例,就上海市級機關(guān)集中辦公點市政大廈的“空調(diào)冷熱源系統(tǒng)、照明系統(tǒng)合同能源管理項目”、上海市第二中級人民法院“合同能源管理綜合項目”、仁濟醫(yī)院西院“能源費用托管型合同能源管理項目”和上海市崇明中學“分布式光伏發(fā)電合同能源管理項目”四個項目的施工情況和項目執(zhí)行后的節(jié)能效果進行例證。分析了在項目實施過程中所存在的能源診斷合理性、融資渠道單一性和用能特點制約性的問題及產(chǎn)生原因。要緩解上述問題,需要在公共機構(gòu)節(jié)能引入合同能源管理的過程中更好地發(fā)揮政府的引導作用和市場的主導作用,本文就對如何更好地推動合同能源管理在公共機構(gòu)節(jié)能中的應用進行了思考,提出了:建立合同能源管理專家?guī)?建立合同能源管理項目的績效評估修正指數(shù),引入政府與社會資本的合作模式拓展融資渠道,以及從全生命周期角度實施節(jié)能技改四條建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the mode of administration and management is gradually shifting management and service from self-implementation to government purchase of services, so as to more effectively implement supervision, separate management, highlight the role of administrative supervision. We should really carry out the central authorities' requirement of "promoting the decentralization of government and administration, combining administration and administration, and optimizing service", make full use of social resources and enterprise resources, and implement the management mode of "small government and large society". With regard to the implementation of energy conservation in public institutions, the traditional way of implementation is to adopt the annual budget for the establishment of projects to save energy on facilities and equipment that consume a large amount of energy. In the process of renewal and replacement, more funds are occupied. Financial pressure, and large facilities (such as air conditioning, elevators, etc.) of the renewal of life is generally around 10-15 years. Under the background of economic globalization, the problem of government administrative cost is becoming more and more prominent, the budget is not increasing, but the cost of material and labor is increasing constantly. How to "cut down" has become the bottleneck of administrative management in the process of implementing energy saving in public institutions. At present, the government is exploring new ways to carry out energy management and energy saving transformation, that is, through the market-oriented operation of contract energy management, the social capital should be guided to participate in the energy saving technical reform project and promote the development of energy saving industry. In the process of contract energy management, the power and obligation are decomposed, the energy saving benefits are shared, and the energy resources are saved. This paper briefly introduces the development of contract energy management in our country, the common operation mode of contract energy management, and analyzes the application status, key fields and implementation advantages of contract energy management in public institutions. Taking four representative public organizations, namely, administrative office building, judicial administration office building, hospital and school, as an example, the "Energy Management Project for Energy Management contract for Air-Conditioning and heating Source system, Lighting system" in Shanghai Municipal Office Building is taken as an example. Shanghai second Intermediate people's Court "Comprehensive Project of contract Energy Management", The construction situation of "Energy cost Trust contract Energy Management Project" and "distributed photovoltaic contract Energy Management Project" of Shanghai Chongming Middle School are illustrated. This paper analyzes the rationality of energy diagnosis, the singularity of financing channel and the constraint of energy use in the process of project implementation. To alleviate the above problems, we need to better play the leading role of the government and the leading role of the market in the process of introducing contract energy management into the energy conservation of public institutions. This paper thinks about how to better promote the application of contract energy management in the energy conservation of public institutions, and puts forward the following points: to establish the expert pool of contract energy management, to establish the revised index of performance evaluation of contract energy management project, This paper introduces the cooperation mode between government and social capital to expand the financing channels and four suggestions to implement energy-saving technology reform from the perspective of the whole life cycle.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F206

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