本文關(guān)鍵詞： 碳排放 碳生產(chǎn)率 市場化 環(huán)境管制 系統(tǒng)廣義矩估計(jì)　出處：《湖北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化過程中不僅帶來了經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長,同時(shí)也帶來了環(huán)境的惡化。能源資源枯竭、海平面急劇上升以及全球氣候變暖的嚴(yán)峻形勢都對(duì)當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)提出了挑戰(zhàn)。高速增長的碳排放形勢促使各國對(duì)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)引起了足夠的重視。我國作為發(fā)展中國家,不僅要實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)有序增長的任務(wù),同時(shí)肩負(fù)低碳減排的責(zé)任,而實(shí)現(xiàn)兩者,就是要提高碳生產(chǎn)率,走低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的道路。文章首先計(jì)算了我國30個(gè)省份1999-2014年各省份二氧化碳排放量和碳生產(chǎn)率,同時(shí)分析了三大區(qū)域和全國碳排放及碳生產(chǎn)率變化的趨勢。從碳排放角度看,中部地區(qū)平均二氧化碳排放量最高,東部其次,西部最低,三大區(qū)域碳排放走勢基本一致,表現(xiàn)出階段性特征。從碳生產(chǎn)率的視角考察,碳生產(chǎn)率較高的省份集中在東部沿海城市,如廣東、江蘇、浙江等地,而西部地區(qū)青海、內(nèi)蒙古、山西等地碳生產(chǎn)率處于落后水平。在區(qū)域角度上,東部地區(qū)平均碳生產(chǎn)率高于中、西部地區(qū),西部地區(qū)碳生產(chǎn)率最低,三大區(qū)域碳生產(chǎn)率基本保持穩(wěn)定增長的趨勢。然后重點(diǎn)運(yùn)用計(jì)量模型實(shí)證分析了市場化進(jìn)程、環(huán)境管制對(duì)碳生產(chǎn)率的影響。前沿研究重點(diǎn)關(guān)注了環(huán)境規(guī)制與碳生產(chǎn)率兩者之間的關(guān)系,卻忽略了市場化在其中的媒體中介作用。市場化進(jìn)程不僅能夠?qū)?jīng)濟(jì)增長直接發(fā)生促進(jìn)作用,同時(shí)市場化的推進(jìn)有利于環(huán)境規(guī)制的實(shí)施并間接對(duì)碳生產(chǎn)率產(chǎn)生影響。文章利用1999-2014年省際面板數(shù)據(jù),通過靜態(tài)面板模型和系統(tǒng)廣義矩估計(jì)考察市場化程度、環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)碳生產(chǎn)率的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):市場化的提高能夠顯著促進(jìn)碳生產(chǎn)率,環(huán)境規(guī)制與碳生產(chǎn)率之間存在U型關(guān)系,碳生產(chǎn)率的增長必須跨過環(huán)境規(guī)制的拐點(diǎn)。而在研究市場化與環(huán)境規(guī)制交叉項(xiàng)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)市場化有相應(yīng)的機(jī)制通過作用于環(huán)境規(guī)制而改善碳生產(chǎn)率,這種正向作用建立在市場化水平達(dá)到一個(gè)相應(yīng)的水平。加大市場化進(jìn)程的改革,完善市場體制,是提高碳生產(chǎn)率一個(gè)有效路徑。此外,能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)依然是阻礙碳生產(chǎn)率增長的重要因素,傳統(tǒng)以煤消費(fèi)為主的能源消費(fèi)模式存在諸多弊端,發(fā)展新型能源和提高能源效率勢在必行。
[Abstract]:The process of economic globalization has not only brought about rapid economic growth, but also brought about the deterioration of the environment. The sharp rise of sea level and the severe situation of global climate warming have challenged the current economic production activities. The rapid growth of carbon emissions has prompted all countries to pay enough attention to the low-carbon economy. China, as a developing country, is a developing country. Not only to achieve steady and orderly economic growth, but also to shoulder the responsibility of reducing carbon emissions, and to achieve both is to increase carbon productivity, The paper first calculates the carbon dioxide emissions and carbon productivity of each province in 30 provinces of China from 1999 to 2014, and analyzes the trends of carbon emissions and carbon productivity changes in three regions and countries. The average carbon dioxide emissions in the central region are the highest, followed by those in the east, and the lowest in the west. The trend of carbon emissions in the three major regions is basically the same, showing the characteristics of stages. From the perspective of carbon productivity, The provinces with higher carbon productivity are concentrated in the eastern coastal cities, such as Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, while the western regions of Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi are lagging behind. The average carbon productivity in the eastern region is higher than that in the middle, the western region and the western region are the lowest. The influence of environmental regulation on carbon productivity. However, the media intermediary role of marketization is ignored. The marketization process can not only directly promote economic growth, At the same time, the promotion of marketization is conducive to the implementation of environmental regulation and has an indirect impact on carbon productivity. This paper investigates the degree of marketization through static panel model and system generalized moment estimation using inter-provincial panel data from 1999 to 2014. The effect of environmental regulation on carbon productivity. It is found that the increase of marketization can significantly promote carbon productivity, and there is a U-type relationship between environmental regulation and carbon productivity. The growth of carbon productivity must cross the inflection point of environmental regulation, and when we study the intersection of marketization and environmental regulation, we find that marketization has a corresponding mechanism to improve carbon productivity by acting on environmental regulation. This positive effect is based on the marketization level to a corresponding level. To increase the reform of the market-oriented process and perfect the market system is an effective way to improve the carbon productivity. Energy consumption structure is still an important factor hindering the growth of carbon productivity. There are many drawbacks in the traditional energy consumption mode, which is mainly coal consumption. It is imperative to develop new energy sources and improve energy efficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X22;F123.9

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