發(fā)布時間：2019-05-09 22:13

【摘要】：本研究以惠州市博羅縣重點中學(xué)1257名高三學(xué)生為研究對象,采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、測試法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法對其體質(zhì)狀況進(jìn)行研究,并與該校2014年高三年級學(xué)生的體質(zhì)水平進(jìn)行對比,以期了解該重點中學(xué)高三學(xué)生的體質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀和變化趨勢,從而為更具體的、有針對性的改進(jìn)學(xué)校體育教學(xué)提供一定參考,對提高高三學(xué)生體育鍛煉水平,增強其體質(zhì)健康水平具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義,以便他們能更好地應(yīng)對畢業(yè)、升學(xué)等所帶來的壓力。本研究研究結(jié)果如下：1.2015年博羅縣重點中學(xué)高三男、女學(xué)生的體質(zhì)評定等級主要集中于良好和及格水平,優(yōu)秀率偏低。對比該校2014年高三學(xué)生的體質(zhì)評定等級,在一定程度上來說男生的體質(zhì)等級由及格在向良好水平發(fā)展,女生則由及格在向良好和優(yōu)秀水平發(fā)展。2.體型特征方面,絕大部分高三學(xué)生體型特征處于正常范圍,但分別有16.2%和20%的男、女學(xué)生體重過輕。男、女生由正常、超重和肥胖狀態(tài)趨向于低體重狀態(tài)發(fā)展,長此以往并不利于學(xué)生體態(tài)健康發(fā)展。3.身體形態(tài)指標(biāo)方面,2015年高三男女學(xué)生的身高平均值顯著高于2014年同年級同性別的學(xué)生,體重、克托萊指數(shù)和BMI指數(shù)三項指標(biāo)則相反。在一定程度上表明2015年博羅縣重點中學(xué)高三學(xué)生與2014年的學(xué)生相比縱向生長優(yōu)于橫向生長,與其體型特征的變化相一致。4.身體機能指標(biāo)方面,2015年博羅縣重點中學(xué)高三男生肺活量和肺活量指數(shù)均值皆顯著高于該校2014年高三的男學(xué)生,女生變化不明顯。表明男學(xué)生肺活量水平有顯著性改善。5.身體素質(zhì)方面,2015年博羅縣重點中學(xué)高三男、女學(xué)生速度素質(zhì)均出現(xiàn)顯著性下降,男生的上肢力量素質(zhì)亦顯著下降。女生的腰腹部力量有顯著性提高,而耐力素質(zhì)卻顯著性下降,其他素質(zhì)皆無顯著性變化。本研究研究意義如下：1.加強博羅縣重點中學(xué)高三學(xué)生體育鍛煉,注意營養(yǎng)攝入的均衡化和科學(xué)化,改善其體質(zhì)狀況,促進(jìn)學(xué)生的體質(zhì)評定等級更多的由及格和良好水平朝向優(yōu)秀水平發(fā)展。對于體重超重、肥胖的學(xué)生更應(yīng)該引起家長和學(xué)校的注意,幫助促進(jìn)其形態(tài)的改善。2.學(xué)校體育教學(xué)中一方面需豐富高三學(xué)生有氧鍛煉的內(nèi)容和形式,另一方面可通過講座宣傳的形式強化其參與體育鍛煉的意識,促進(jìn)其心肺功能健全發(fā)展,尤其是注重高三女學(xué)生肺活量水平的改善。3.在博羅縣重點中學(xué)高三學(xué)生平時的體育活動中針對性加強其速度類、耐力類項目的練習(xí),促進(jìn)其速度和耐力素質(zhì)的提高,除此之外亦將強化男學(xué)生上肢力量納入體育活動的重點。
[Abstract]:In this study, 1257 senior high school students in Boluo County, Huizhou City, were taken as the research object, and their physique status was studied by means of literature, test and mathematical statistics, and compared with the physique level of the third grade students in 2014. In order to understand the physical status quo and changing trend of the third-year students in this key middle school, so as to provide a certain reference for the more specific and targeted improvement of school physical education, and to improve the level of physical exercise of the third-year students of senior high school. It is of great practical significance to enhance their physical health so that they can better cope with the pressure of graduation and further study. The results of this study are as follows: 1. In 2015, the physique evaluation grades of senior three men and female students in key middle schools in Boluo County were mainly concentrated in good and passing level, and the excellent rate was on the low side. 2. Compared with the physique evaluation grade of the third grade students in 2014, to some extent, the physique grade of male students develops from pass to good level, while that of female students develops from passing to good and excellent level. In terms of somatotype characteristics, most of the senior high school students were in the normal range, but 16.2% and 20% of the male and female students were underweight, respectively. Male and female students tend to develop from normal, overweight and obese to low body weight, which is not conducive to the healthy development of students' posture in the long run. In terms of body shape index, the average height of senior three male and female students in 2015 was significantly higher than that of students of the same grade and the same sex in 2014, while the weight, Ketolay index and BMI index were the opposite. To a certain extent, it is shown that the longitudinal growth of senior high school students in Boluo County in 2015 is better than that of students in 2014, which is consistent with the change of their somatotype characteristics. 4. In terms of physical function index, in 2015, the mean vital capacity and vital capacity index of boys in the third grade of high school in Boro County were significantly higher than those of male students in senior three in 2014, but the change of female students was not obvious. The results showed that the vital capacity of male students was significantly improved. 5. In terms of physical quality, in 2015, the speed quality of senior three men and female students in key middle schools in Boruo County decreased significantly, and the upper limb strength quality of boys also decreased significantly. The strength of waist and abdomen of girls was significantly improved, but the endurance quality was significantly decreased, and there was no significant change in other qualities. The significance of this study is as follows: 1. We should strengthen the physical exercise of the third grade students in the key middle school of Boro County, pay attention to the balance and scientific of the nutrition intake, improve their physique condition, and promote the development of the students' physique evaluation grade from the passing grade and the good level to the excellent level. Overweight and obese students should attract the attention of parents and schools to help improve their morphology. 2. On the one hand, it is necessary to enrich the contents and forms of aerobic exercise for senior high school students in physical education, on the other hand, they can strengthen their consciousness of participating in physical exercise by means of lectures and propaganda to promote the sound development of their cardio-pulmonary function. Especially pay attention to the improvement of vital capacity of senior three female students. 3. In the ordinary sports activities of senior three students in key middle schools in Boluo County, we should strengthen the practice of speed and endurance items, and promote the improvement of their speed and endurance quality. In addition, it will also strengthen the upper limb strength of male students into the focus of sports activities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G804.49

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本文編號：2473125