基于運動技能分類的運動心理準備(英文)
[Abstract]:Sports skills play a decisive role in the development and excellent performance of athletes in the field, and are also the core elements in sports training and teaching practice. Although there are many different ways to classify motor skills for a long time, all sports skills can be divided into open and closed sports skills. Based on this, this paper mainly discusses three issues: (1) explaining the characteristics of open and closed sports skills, (2) discussing the training essentials of open and closed sports skills, and (2) explaining the training points of open and closed sports skills. (3) according to the classification of two different skills, the method of psychological preparation is introduced in order to make the athletes get the best result in the competition. Open sports skills require athletes to make quick decisions based on external stimuli, and rapid response time is essential. Athletes should focus on results rather than processes, so athletes are free to choose any form of skill to perform specific tasks. In addition, open sports skills should also have a great deal of creativity and accuracy. In contrast, closed sports skills allow athletes to have relatively sufficient decision-making or judgment time, a stable and predictable competitive environment, and rules and criteria for evaluating sports skills. More importantly, closed motor skills emphasize the perfect performance of the skill. Open and closed motor skills are performed through two different neuromuscular systems: closed loop neural control system and open loop neural control system. According to the different characteristics of movement skills and control system, the training should be targeted. Open sports skills should develop athletes' ability of fast decision-making so that athletes can take action as quickly as possible in the execution of sports skills. At the same time, the accuracy of skills should also be trained with emphasis. In the course of scientific training, athletes should have the maximum skill reserve to cope with the different conditions in the competition. It is important to note that the training or learning of open sports skills should emphasize results rather than processes. The training of closed sports skills should emphasize that the accuracy of motor skills should be guaranteed to the maximum extent within the scope of rules and skill standards, and on this basis, repeated training should be carried out in order to pursue the perfect performance of skills. During the training, the emphasis should be placed on the attention of the athletes. The psychological preparation points of open sports skills include cognition of the dynamic nature of competition, understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of both sides, effective communication with teammates in the competition, implementation of effective incentive strategies, and establishment of self-confidence of athletes. The key points of psychological preparation of closed motor skills include adequate decision-making before action execution, cognition of biomechanical characteristics of motor skills, and accurate and effective control of the power-generating degree according to the difficulty and ease of motor skills. The performance of motor skills should ensure a high degree of consistency and accuracy, pay full attention to the connection and transformation between motor skills, and effectively eliminate the interference factors in the implementation of motor skills by focusing highly on the performance of motor skills.
【作者單位】: 肯尼索州立大學(xué)健康促進與體育系;山西大學(xué)體育學(xué)院;
【分類號】:G804.8
【相似文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 楊錫讓,張禹;運動技能學(xué)學(xué)科現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展[J];北京體育大學(xué)學(xué)報;2005年07期
2 劉琪;;基于大學(xué)生積極體育運動心理的探究[J];科教導(dǎo)刊(上旬刊);2010年02期
3 劉鳴;從歷屆國際運動心理學(xué)會看運動心理科學(xué)的發(fā)展動態(tài)[J];成都體院學(xué)報;1981年01期
4 吳剛,王新生;對我省高校運動心理研究狀況及制約因素的探析[J];河南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);1999年02期
5 曾佳;;大學(xué)生積極體育運動心理的探究[J];文體用品與科技;2013年20期
6 林青;“情態(tài)信息”的傳導(dǎo)對學(xué)生運動心理的影響[J];南京體育學(xué)院學(xué)報;2001年05期
7 楊毅,劉新華,王中生;評價運動心理因素的灰模方法探析[J];衡陽師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(自然科學(xué));2002年06期
8 徐萬彬;運動心理訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展動向分析[J];體育與科學(xué);2003年04期
9 章崇會;姒剛彥;;實習(xí)與督導(dǎo)——運動心理專業(yè)研究生專業(yè)實習(xí)的自我敘述[J];中國運動醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2007年03期
10 張忠秋;;運動心理專家組開展系列奧運科技服務(wù)[J];中國體育教練員;2009年01期
相關(guān)會議論文 前3條
1 任未多;;運動心理生理學(xué)研究進展[A];2006-2007體育科學(xué)學(xué)科發(fā)展報告[C];2007年
2 ;體育運動心理分組報告[A];第十三屆全國心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)大會論文摘要集[C];2010年
3 董偉;;女子賽艇賽前運動心理服務(wù)工作的效果評估[A];經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變與自主創(chuàng)新——第十二屆中國科學(xué)技術(shù)協(xié)會年會(第三卷)[C];2010年
相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前4條
1 曹_g 王春;心理因素 攸關(guān)成敗[N];中國體育報;2013年
2 本報實習(xí)記者 劉霏;運動達到極限 身體會有信號[N];北京科技報;2006年
3 本報實習(xí)記者 竇雨佳;心理專家六招助陣中國奧運健兒[N];中國體育報;2007年
4 力輯;體育事業(yè)發(fā)展的推進器 加速器 轉(zhuǎn)化器[N];中國體育報;2001年
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 許吉越;臺灣地區(qū)部分項目運動員運動參與模式構(gòu)建之研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2011年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條
1 李欣;運動心理咨詢師工作績效評價研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2009年
2 張凌;我國運動心理咨詢師勝任特征模型的研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2007年
3 吳堅;運動員的應(yīng)對策略、運動心理技能與運動競賽狀態(tài)焦慮的相關(guān)研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2010年
4 田逢盛;體育運動快感理論分析與實證研究[D];西南大學(xué);2011年
,本文編號:2452860
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/jiaoyulunwen/tylw/2452860.html