街舞foundation的肌肉用力特征研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-04 15:46
【摘要】：街舞在當(dāng)今社會(huì)已經(jīng)成為大眾喜愛的熱門舞蹈。如今越來越多的人們開始接觸、參與和從事街舞行業(yè),街舞已經(jīng)成為了一種文化現(xiàn)象。街舞從最早的街頭舞蹈開始逐漸的進(jìn)入到了校園,部分中小學(xué)將街舞作為“第二課堂”,眾多的高校開展了街舞課程,成為了現(xiàn)在學(xué)生最熱愛的舞蹈之一。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展和街舞賽事等相關(guān)活動(dòng)的增加,我國(guó)職業(yè)街舞的發(fā)展水平在與過去相比有了很大的進(jìn)步,不僅在從事職業(yè)街舞人數(shù)上眾多,而且舞者的水平也是相當(dāng)高。雖然街舞在當(dāng)下的發(fā)展十分迅速,但是中國(guó)引進(jìn)街舞的時(shí)間較晚,不管是在大眾的普及還是在競(jìng)技訓(xùn)練方面都還是相對(duì)落后于其他國(guó)家。對(duì)于街舞的研究方面,目前國(guó)內(nèi)的研究多數(shù)集中在社會(huì)人文方面,對(duì)街舞訓(xùn)練、比賽和教學(xué)的研究較少,街舞教師在教學(xué)和訓(xùn)練當(dāng)中缺乏一定的理論依據(jù)。本文通過表面肌電圖的方法來對(duì)街舞進(jìn)行研究探索,為日后的街舞教學(xué)和訓(xùn)練提供理論依據(jù)。本文選取了15名街舞舞者為測(cè)試對(duì)象,使用表面肌電圖的方法采集3個(gè)街舞動(dòng)作(托馬斯兩周、fresno、bkbounce)的肌電信號(hào),每個(gè)動(dòng)作采集五人,總15個(gè)人的肌電信號(hào),通過分析肌電信號(hào),對(duì)其進(jìn)行歸納、計(jì)算、分析、總結(jié),找出在街舞foundation運(yùn)動(dòng)中肌肉的工作情況。本研究得出以下結(jié)論(以身體左側(cè)為例):(1)托馬斯兩周動(dòng)作肌肉的做功由大到小依次是:三角肌后束、三角肌前束、肱三頭肌、腹直肌、肱二頭肌、腹外斜肌、肱橈肌、豎脊肌。(2)托馬斯兩周動(dòng)作中所有測(cè)試對(duì)象統(tǒng)一第一個(gè)被激活的肌肉是肱橈肌,最后一個(gè)被激活的是腹直肌,其余肌肉的激活時(shí)間都出現(xiàn)了個(gè)性化特征。(3)托馬斯兩周中肌肉的工作持續(xù)時(shí)間出現(xiàn)個(gè)性化的特征,只有肱橈肌、腹直肌、豎脊肌的工作持續(xù)時(shí)間出現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一,肱橈肌工作持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng),腹直肌工作持續(xù)時(shí)間倒數(shù)第二,豎脊肌的工作持續(xù)時(shí)間最短。肱三頭肌、肱二頭肌、三角肌前束、三角肌后束、腹外斜肌的肌肉工作持續(xù)時(shí)間出現(xiàn)個(gè)性化特征。出現(xiàn)這種情況可能與動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu)和測(cè)試對(duì)象的個(gè)人習(xí)慣以及訓(xùn)練經(jīng)歷有關(guān)。(4)fresno動(dòng)作的肌肉做功百分比由大小到依次是:斜方肌、三角肌后束、肱三頭肌、三角肌前束、肱二頭肌、肱橈肌、背闊肌、胸大肌。(5)fresno動(dòng)作中所有測(cè)試對(duì)象的肌肉激活時(shí)序出現(xiàn)個(gè)性化特征,這可能與測(cè)試對(duì)象的習(xí)慣和動(dòng)作的技術(shù)要求相關(guān)。(6)fresno動(dòng)作中測(cè)試對(duì)象的各個(gè)肌肉工作持續(xù)時(shí)間各不相同,可能與測(cè)試對(duì)象的個(gè)人習(xí)慣和動(dòng)作特點(diǎn)有關(guān)。fresno動(dòng)作是以最快的速度收縮和放松肌肉,產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)的效果�？赡苁羌∪獾氖湛s是爆發(fā)性收縮,使動(dòng)作的工作持續(xù)時(shí)間非常短,再加上個(gè)人習(xí)慣的因素,出現(xiàn)了個(gè)性化特征。(7)Bkbounce動(dòng)作的肌肉做功大小依次是:股內(nèi)側(cè)肌、股直肌、腓腸肌內(nèi)側(cè)、腓腸肌外側(cè)、脛骨前肌、股外側(cè)肌、臀大肌、股二頭肌。大腿前群肌肉和小腿后群肌肉做功較大。(8)bkbounce動(dòng)作中肌肉激活時(shí)序同樣都出現(xiàn)了個(gè)性化特征,可能是動(dòng)作簡(jiǎn)單隨意,技術(shù)上沒有過多復(fù)雜要求的原因。(9)bkbounce動(dòng)作中測(cè)試對(duì)象的各個(gè)肌肉的工作持續(xù)時(shí)間出現(xiàn)大的個(gè)性化特征,可能是因?yàn)閯?dòng)作的隨意性和個(gè)人習(xí)慣的練習(xí)方法相關(guān)。建議:(1)托馬斯的訓(xùn)練中不僅要加強(qiáng)肩關(guān)節(jié)和肘關(guān)節(jié)的肌肉力量,還要提高腹直肌的肌肉力量。肱橈肌、腹外斜肌、豎脊肌在完成托馬斯動(dòng)作時(shí)的做功較小,肌肉工作持續(xù)時(shí)間短,可能對(duì)完成托馬斯的作用并不大。(2)fresno動(dòng)作要求肱三頭肌的瞬間收縮和放松的能力,以及手臂(斜方肌和三角肌)的擺動(dòng)能力。平常訓(xùn)練中多加強(qiáng)肱三頭肌的快速收縮和放松能力以及雙臂(三角肌和斜方肌)擺動(dòng)的穩(wěn)定訓(xùn)練。Fresno的技術(shù)個(gè)性化特征明顯,教練員要根據(jù)舞者的個(gè)人特點(diǎn)做出適合其自身的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。(3)bkbounce動(dòng)作簡(jiǎn)單較為輕松,學(xué)習(xí)起來容易。主要以雙腿的交叉為主,對(duì)大腿的前群和小腿后群的鍛煉效果好,平�？梢酝ㄟ^加強(qiáng)雙腿的小腿后群肌肉和大腿前群肌肉訓(xùn)練來使加強(qiáng)動(dòng)作的質(zhì)感。bkbounce所屬的hiphop舞種更適合大眾的普及。(4)對(duì)街舞運(yùn)動(dòng)的表面肌電研究現(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)開展的很少,并沒有一套行之有效的分析方法。在數(shù)據(jù)的截取和分析上仍需要更多的探討。由于受試者個(gè)人習(xí)慣、被試皮下脂肪厚度、等諸多因素的影響,所測(cè)肌肉活動(dòng)時(shí)序各不相同,測(cè)試對(duì)象在動(dòng)作過程中肌肉活動(dòng)存在個(gè)體特點(diǎn)。在訓(xùn)練和教學(xué)中應(yīng)根據(jù)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的自身特點(diǎn),因材施教。
[Abstract]:Hip-hop dance has become a popular dance in today's society. Now more and more people begin to contact, participate in and engage in hip-hop dance industry, hip-hop dance has become a cultural phenomenon. With the rapid economic development and the increase of hip-hop competitions and other related activities, the development level of professional hip-hop dance in China has made great progress compared with the past, not only in the number of professional hip-hop dancers, but also the level of dancers is quite high. At present, the development of hip-hop dance is very rapid, but the introduction of hip-hop dance in China is relatively late, whether in the popularity of the masses or in competitive training or relatively lagging behind other countries. In this paper, the surface electromyography (EMG) method is used to study hip-hop dance, which provides a theoretical basis for the future teaching and training of hip-hop dance. Esno, bkbounce myoelectric signals, each action to collect five people, a total of 15 people's electromyographic signals, through the analysis of electromyographic signals, its induction, calculation, analysis, summary, to find out in the hip-hop foundation movement muscle work. This study draws the following conclusions (take the left side of the body as an example): (1) Thomas two-week movement muscle work from the big To the smallest order: deltoid posterior bundle, deltoid anterior bundle, triceps brachii, rectus abdominis, biceps brachii, oblique abdominal muscle, brachioradialis muscle, erector spine muscle. (2) Thomas two-week movement in all subjects unified the first activated muscle is brachioradialis, the last activated is rectus abdominis, the rest of the muscle activation time has appeared personalized characteristics. (3) The duration of Thomas'muscle work during the two weeks was characterized by individuality. Only the brachioradialis, rectus abdominis and erector spine muscle had a uniform duration. The brachioradialis had the longest duration, the rectus abdominis had the second to last duration, and the erector spine had the shortest duration. This may be related to the movement structure and the individual habits and training experience of the subjects. (4) The percentage of muscle work done by Fresno is in descending order: trapezius, posterior deltoid, triceps, anterior deltoid, biceps. Brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major. (5) The time sequence of muscle activation in Fresno maneuvers was individualized, which may be related to the habits and technical requirements of the subjects. (6) The duration of each muscle in Fresno maneuvers was different, and may be related to the individual habits and movement characteristics of the subjects. Fresno movement is the fastest speed of contraction and relaxation of muscles, resulting in vibration effect. It may be muscle contraction is explosive contraction, so that the duration of the movement is very short, coupled with personal habits, there are personalized characteristics. (7) Bkbounce movement muscle work size in turn is: medial thigh muscle, rectus femoris, Medial gastrocnemius muscle, lateral gastrocnemius muscle, tibialis anterior muscle, lateral femoral muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, biceps femoris muscle do more work. (8) Muscle activation sequence in bkbounce also appeared personalized characteristics, which may be the reason that the movement is simple and arbitrary, there is not too much complex technical requirements. (9) Bkbounce in the measurement of action. Suggestions: (1) Thomas should not only strengthen the muscles of the shoulder and elbow joints, but also enhance the muscles of the rectus abdominis. The brachioradialis, oblique abdominis and erector spine muscles are in the training. Fresno requires the ability of the triceps to contract and relax instantly, and the ability of the arm (trapezius and deltoid muscles) to swing. Fresno's technical individuality is obvious, the coach should make the training plan according to the dancer's individual characteristics. (3) bkbounce movement is simple and easy to learn. It mainly focuses on the crossing of the legs, the training effect on the front group of the thighs and the back group of the thighs. As a result, we can usually strengthen the texture of the movement by strengthening the back leg muscles and the front leg muscles. Due to the influence of individual habits, thickness of subcutaneous fat, and many other factors, the time sequence of muscle activity is different, and there are individual characteristics in the course of muscle activity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J722.9;G804.6
本文編號(hào)：2222623
[Abstract]:Hip-hop dance has become a popular dance in today's society. Now more and more people begin to contact, participate in and engage in hip-hop dance industry, hip-hop dance has become a cultural phenomenon. With the rapid economic development and the increase of hip-hop competitions and other related activities, the development level of professional hip-hop dance in China has made great progress compared with the past, not only in the number of professional hip-hop dancers, but also the level of dancers is quite high. At present, the development of hip-hop dance is very rapid, but the introduction of hip-hop dance in China is relatively late, whether in the popularity of the masses or in competitive training or relatively lagging behind other countries. In this paper, the surface electromyography (EMG) method is used to study hip-hop dance, which provides a theoretical basis for the future teaching and training of hip-hop dance. Esno, bkbounce myoelectric signals, each action to collect five people, a total of 15 people's electromyographic signals, through the analysis of electromyographic signals, its induction, calculation, analysis, summary, to find out in the hip-hop foundation movement muscle work. This study draws the following conclusions (take the left side of the body as an example): (1) Thomas two-week movement muscle work from the big To the smallest order: deltoid posterior bundle, deltoid anterior bundle, triceps brachii, rectus abdominis, biceps brachii, oblique abdominal muscle, brachioradialis muscle, erector spine muscle. (2) Thomas two-week movement in all subjects unified the first activated muscle is brachioradialis, the last activated is rectus abdominis, the rest of the muscle activation time has appeared personalized characteristics. (3) The duration of Thomas'muscle work during the two weeks was characterized by individuality. Only the brachioradialis, rectus abdominis and erector spine muscle had a uniform duration. The brachioradialis had the longest duration, the rectus abdominis had the second to last duration, and the erector spine had the shortest duration. This may be related to the movement structure and the individual habits and training experience of the subjects. (4) The percentage of muscle work done by Fresno is in descending order: trapezius, posterior deltoid, triceps, anterior deltoid, biceps. Brachioradialis, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major. (5) The time sequence of muscle activation in Fresno maneuvers was individualized, which may be related to the habits and technical requirements of the subjects. (6) The duration of each muscle in Fresno maneuvers was different, and may be related to the individual habits and movement characteristics of the subjects. Fresno movement is the fastest speed of contraction and relaxation of muscles, resulting in vibration effect. It may be muscle contraction is explosive contraction, so that the duration of the movement is very short, coupled with personal habits, there are personalized characteristics. (7) Bkbounce movement muscle work size in turn is: medial thigh muscle, rectus femoris, Medial gastrocnemius muscle, lateral gastrocnemius muscle, tibialis anterior muscle, lateral femoral muscle, gluteus maximus muscle, biceps femoris muscle do more work. (8) Muscle activation sequence in bkbounce also appeared personalized characteristics, which may be the reason that the movement is simple and arbitrary, there is not too much complex technical requirements. (9) Bkbounce in the measurement of action. Suggestions: (1) Thomas should not only strengthen the muscles of the shoulder and elbow joints, but also enhance the muscles of the rectus abdominis. The brachioradialis, oblique abdominis and erector spine muscles are in the training. Fresno requires the ability of the triceps to contract and relax instantly, and the ability of the arm (trapezius and deltoid muscles) to swing. Fresno's technical individuality is obvious, the coach should make the training plan according to the dancer's individual characteristics. (3) bkbounce movement is simple and easy to learn. It mainly focuses on the crossing of the legs, the training effect on the front group of the thighs and the back group of the thighs. As a result, we can usually strengthen the texture of the movement by strengthening the back leg muscles and the front leg muscles. Due to the influence of individual habits, thickness of subcutaneous fat, and many other factors, the time sequence of muscle activity is different, and there are individual characteristics in the course of muscle activity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J722.9;G804.6
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