【摘要】：目的:了解不同體育鍛煉方式、周期對(duì)不同年齡人群Pz點(diǎn)P300潛伏期以及波幅的總體影響趨勢(shì)及差異。方法:根據(jù)國(guó)際共識(shí)性指南(Prisma原則),運(yùn)用Review5.3對(duì)符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的中文文獻(xiàn)12篇,外文文獻(xiàn)9篇,共34組數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行元分析,自變量為體育鍛煉,因變量為Pz點(diǎn)P300潛伏期以及波幅,分析指標(biāo)包括效果量、異質(zhì)性檢驗(yàn)、敏感性、發(fā)表偏倚等,并進(jìn)行不同體育鍛煉方式、周期及不同年齡人群的亞組分析。結(jié)果:(1)P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=0.93,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-0.94,都達(dá)到了大效應(yīng)值,且P值均小于0.01,具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。(2)通過亞組分析發(fā)現(xiàn),老年人P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=1.87,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-1.40,P值均小于0.01;青年人P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=0.50,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-0.72,P值均小于0.01,效應(yīng)量獨(dú)立樣本T檢驗(yàn)P值分別為0.001、0.038,均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,波幅Qb值為1.41,P0.01。(3)7周以上鍛煉P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=1.25,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-1.35,P值均小于0.01;7周及7周以下P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=0.76,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-0.67,P值均小于0.01,效應(yīng)量獨(dú)立樣本T檢驗(yàn)P值分別為0.039、0.034,均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。(4)休閑體育類項(xiàng)目P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=0.59,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-1.02,P值均小于0.01;體能類項(xiàng)目P300的波幅效應(yīng)值d=1.22,潛伏期效應(yīng)值d=-0.88,P值均小于0.01。結(jié)論:(1)體育鍛煉對(duì)P300影響較大,對(duì)認(rèn)知功能的改善起到較好的作用.(2)相比于青年人,體育鍛煉對(duì)改善老年人的認(rèn)知功能效果更加明顯。(3)無論年齡或者運(yùn)動(dòng)方式,堅(jiān)持七周以上的鍛煉周期對(duì)認(rèn)知功能的改善效果優(yōu)于七周以下的鍛煉周期。(4)無論采取體能類運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目還是休閑體育類項(xiàng)目,對(duì)改善認(rèn)知功能均能起到較好的效果,休閑類項(xiàng)目對(duì)潛伏期改善效果較好,在波幅上體能類項(xiàng)目的改善效果優(yōu)于休閑類項(xiàng)目。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the general trend and difference of P300 latency and amplitude of Pz in different age groups with different physical exercise methods and cycles. Methods: according to the principle of international consensus (Prisma principle), 12 articles of Chinese literature and 9 articles of foreign language were analyzed by Review5.3. The independent variable was physical exercise, and the dependent variable was P300 latency and amplitude of Pz. The indexes included effect quantity, heterogeneity test, sensitivity, publication bias, and subgroup analysis of different physical exercise methods, cycles and different age groups. Results: (1) the amplitude-effect value of P300 was 0.93, the latency effect value was dn-0.94, and the P value was less than 0.01. (2) it was found by subgroup analysis. The amplitude-effect value of P300 in the elderly was 1.87, the value of latency effect was less than 0.01, the value of amplitude effect of P300 in young people was 0.50, the value of latency effect was less than 0.01, and the value of independent sample T test was 0.001 / 0.038, respectively, which had statistical significance. (3) the amplitude-effect value of P300 over 7 weeks exercise was 1.25, the latency effect was less than 0.01w and less than 7 weeks, the amplitude-effect value of P300 was 0.76, the value of latency effect was less than 0.01, and the value of P300 was less than 0.01. The value of independent sample T test had P value of less than 0.01.The amplitude effect value of P300 was less than 0.76, and the value of latency effect was less than 0.01.The effect value of P300 was less than 0.01.The value of latency effect was less than 0.01. (4) the amplitude effect of P300 in leisure sports was 0.59, the latency was less than 0.01P, the amplitude effect of P300 was 1.22, and the latency was less than 0.01. (4) the amplitude-effect of P300 was less than 0.01, and the value of latency was less than 0.01in P300, and the amplitude effect of P _ (300) was less than 0.01, and the value of latency was less than 0.01.The value of P _ (300) was less than 0.01, and the value of P _ (300) was less than 0.01. Conclusion: (1) physical exercise has a great influence on P300 and has a better effect on the improvement of cognitive function. (2) compared with young people, physical exercise is more effective in improving the cognitive function of the elderly. (3) regardless of age or exercise style, physical exercise is more effective in improving the cognitive function of the elderly. The improvement of cognitive function during the exercise cycle of more than seven weeks is better than that of the exercise cycle of less than seven weeks. (4) whether we adopt physical sports or leisure sports, we can improve the cognitive function. The improvement effect of leisure item is better than that of leisure item in amplitude.
【作者單位】： 寧波大學(xué)體育學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然基金青年項(xiàng)目《有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)減緩甲基苯丙胺依賴者渴求度的認(rèn)知神經(jīng)機(jī)制》,項(xiàng)目號(hào):31600922
【分類號(hào)】：G804.49

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