【摘要】：研究目的:本研究以健心操為運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)手段,來(lái)探討健心操對(duì)毒品依賴(lài)人員身體體質(zhì)、有氧耐力、心理健康、生命質(zhì)量等方面的康復(fù)效果,并與傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)康復(fù)方法比較,評(píng)價(jià)兩種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式的康復(fù)效果。為成癮者的康復(fù)訓(xùn)練以及運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)戒毒等領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展提供借鑒和參考,為健心操作為戒毒所康復(fù)訓(xùn)練的安全有效的康復(fù)手段提供理論依據(jù)與實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)。研究對(duì)象與方法:2015年1月創(chuàng)編健心操,反復(fù)試練調(diào)整一年。于2016年3月至2016年9月,在上海市高境強(qiáng)制戒毒所收集符合納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)要求的男性毒品依賴(lài)人員100名。將符合要求的100名強(qiáng)制隔離毒品依賴(lài)人員隨機(jī)分為兩組進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察,最終實(shí)驗(yàn)組50名為健心操干預(yù)組,對(duì)照組50名為傳統(tǒng)康復(fù)組。兩組均嚴(yán)格按照實(shí)驗(yàn)方案進(jìn)行,六個(gè)月中每天分為早中晚三次練習(xí),每次練習(xí)20min,一天總練習(xí)時(shí)間為60min。實(shí)驗(yàn)前中后分別測(cè)試兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象的身體體質(zhì)、有氧耐力、生命質(zhì)量。其中有氧耐力心率采用臺(tái)灣生產(chǎn)的ALA COACH心率儀記錄,生命質(zhì)量采用藥物成癮者生命質(zhì)量測(cè)定量表(Quality of Life Scale for DrugAddicts;QOL-DAV2.0)進(jìn)行評(píng)分。采用Excel將測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)建立成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)并進(jìn)行匯總統(tǒng)計(jì)后,再采用SPSS20.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)匯總的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析。受試者基線中的連續(xù)性變量采用了獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),分類(lèi)變量采用了卡方檢驗(yàn),對(duì)兩組間比較采用了單因素重復(fù)測(cè)量方差分析。研究結(jié)果:1.統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的基線比較實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組在年齡、身高、體重、婚姻狀況、文化程度、從事職業(yè)、參與強(qiáng)制隔離戒毒次數(shù)、戒毒年限、各項(xiàng)體質(zhì)指標(biāo)、生命質(zhì)量(QOL-DA)各項(xiàng)因子評(píng)分均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義差異(p0.05),具有可比性。2.體質(zhì)測(cè)試各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)經(jīng)過(guò)六個(gè)月的運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù),實(shí)驗(yàn)組與對(duì)照組的收縮壓、舒張壓、坐位體前屈、平衡,在組間和組內(nèi)都出現(xiàn)了高度顯著化差異(P0.01),并且實(shí)驗(yàn)組的收縮壓與舒張壓有明顯下降,坐位體前屈和平衡有有明顯提高。兩組肺活量在組間有顯著差異性(P0.05),實(shí)驗(yàn)組肺活量提高,對(duì)照組肺活量下降。兩組的心率指標(biāo)在組內(nèi)出現(xiàn)高度顯著性差異(P0.01),實(shí)驗(yàn)組心率持續(xù)下降,對(duì)照組心率前三個(gè)月略有下降后三個(gè)月回復(fù)基線水平。PACER與平均心率在組內(nèi)具有高度顯著化差異(P0.01),實(shí)驗(yàn)組的平均心率在六個(gè)月中持續(xù)下降,有氧耐力有一定提高。3.成癮者生命質(zhì)量量表各因子,六個(gè)月運(yùn)動(dòng)干預(yù)之后,實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組在軀體功能因子、心理功能因子、癥狀副作用及社會(huì)功能因子評(píng)分上組內(nèi)具有高度顯著性差異(p0.01),其中實(shí)驗(yàn)組軀體功能因子、心理功能因子及社會(huì)功能因子評(píng)分有顯著的提高,而對(duì)照組這四個(gè)因子評(píng)分都有不同程度下降。量表總評(píng)分在組間與組內(nèi)都有高度顯著性差異(p0.01),六個(gè)月中實(shí)驗(yàn)組總評(píng)分提高,對(duì)照組總評(píng)分下降。綜上所述,生命質(zhì)量量表,實(shí)驗(yàn)組優(yōu)于對(duì)照組。結(jié)論:1.長(zhǎng)期練習(xí)健心操對(duì)于男性毒品依賴(lài)人員的體質(zhì)改善的效果明顯優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)康復(fù)方式,具體表現(xiàn)在血壓降低、心率降低、柔韌性改善和平衡能力提高。2.長(zhǎng)期練習(xí)健心操可以提高毒品依賴(lài)人員的有氧耐力水平,長(zhǎng)期的訓(xùn)練可使機(jī)體有氧耐力運(yùn)動(dòng)能力產(chǎn)生適應(yīng)性的生理生化變化。3.通過(guò)采用成癮者生命質(zhì)量量表發(fā)現(xiàn),健心操可以有效改善毒品依賴(lài)人員軀體功能、心理功能以及社會(huì)功能。4.實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果證實(shí):健心操運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)毒品依賴(lài)人員的康復(fù)有著積極作用,既可以提高身體體質(zhì),也可以促進(jìn)心理健康水平,可以作為毒品依賴(lài)人員康復(fù)訓(xùn)練手段。
[Abstract]:Objective: To explore the rehabilitation effects of Aerobics on physical fitness, aerobic endurance, mental health and quality of life of drug addicts by means of exercise intervention, and to evaluate the rehabilitation effects of the two exercise methods compared with the traditional exercise rehabilitation methods. Objectives and Methods: In January 2015, we compiled aerobic exercises and tried to adjust them repeatedly for one year. From March 2016 to September 2016, we collected them in Shanghai Highland Compulsory Drug Rehabilitation Center. Standards and experimental requirements of 100 male drug addicts. 100 drug addicts who met the requirements of compulsory isolation were randomly divided into two groups for experimental observation. The experimental group was 50 aerobics intervention group and the control group was 50 traditional rehabilitation group. The physical fitness, aerobic endurance and quality of life were tested before and after the experiment. The heart rate of aerobic endurance was recorded by ALA COACH heart rate meter made in Taiwan, and the quality of life was measured by Quality of Life Scale for drug addicts. Drug Addicts; QOL-DAV2.0) was scored. Excel was used to build the test data into a database and aggregate the data. SPSS20.0 statistical software was used to analyze the aggregated data. Results: 1. There was no significant difference in age, height, weight, marital status, educational level, occupation, times of compulsory isolation, length of detoxification, physical fitness, QOL-DA scores between the experimental group and the control group (p0.05). After six months of exercise intervention, the systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, sitting flexion and balance of the experimental group and the control group were significantly different between the two groups (P 0.01), and the systolic and diastolic pressure of the experimental group were significantly decreased, and the sitting flexion and balance of the two groups were significantly improved. There was a significant difference in vital capacity between the two groups (P Significant difference (P 0.01), the average heart rate of the experimental group in six months continued to decline, aerobic endurance has been improved. 3. Addicts'quality of life scale factors, after six months of exercise intervention, the experimental group and the control group in physical function factors, psychological function factors, symptoms and side effects and social function factors score in the group has a high degree of significant. The scores of physical function, psychological function and social function factors in the experimental group were significantly improved, while those in the control group were decreased to varying degrees. The total score of the scale was significantly different between the two groups (p0.01). The total score of the experimental group was increased in six months, and that of the control group was lower than that of the control group. To sum up, the quality of life scale, the experimental group is better than the control group. Conclusion: 1. Long-term exercise of Aerobics for male drug addicts physical improvement is significantly better than the traditional sports rehabilitation methods, specific performance in blood pressure, heart rate, flexibility and balance improved. 2. Long-term exercise of aerobics can improve toxicity. The level of aerobic endurance of drug addicts and the physiological and biochemical changes of adaptability of aerobic endurance exercise ability can be produced by long-term training. 3. By using the quality of life scale of addicts, it is found that aerobic exercise can effectively improve the physical, psychological and social functions of drug addicts. 4. The experimental results confirm that aerobic exercise can improve the physical, psychological and social functions of drug addicts. It plays an active role in the rehabilitation of drug addicts. It can not only improve their physical fitness, but also promote their mental health. It can be used as a means of rehabilitation training for drug addicts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G831.3

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