【摘要】：運(yùn)動(dòng)員的賽前情緒狀態(tài)往往直接影響其競技狀態(tài),制約運(yùn)動(dòng)員的臨場發(fā)揮。研究遼寧青年女籃運(yùn)動(dòng)員的賽前情緒特征及其調(diào)節(jié)對(duì)她們?cè)诒荣愔屑紤?zhàn)術(shù)發(fā)揮和臨場應(yīng)變能力的提升有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,對(duì)她們的成長有深遠(yuǎn)的意義。本研究以備戰(zhàn)第十三屆全運(yùn)會(huì)女子籃球U18組的遼寧青年女籃12名運(yùn)動(dòng)員的賽前情緒為研究對(duì)象,采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、心理測(cè)量法、心理訓(xùn)練法、個(gè)案分析法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法對(duì)遼寧青年女籃運(yùn)動(dòng)員表現(xiàn)出的賽前情緒-T和競賽狀態(tài)焦慮特征進(jìn)行研究,與我國優(yōu)秀青年女籃隊(duì)伍進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析;在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)相關(guān)理論,提出針對(duì)性的調(diào)節(jié)策略,同時(shí)對(duì)遼寧青年女籃進(jìn)行賽前情緒調(diào)節(jié)方法的教授與訓(xùn)練,觀察效果,旨在找到行之有效的調(diào)節(jié)手段與方法,降低焦慮,提高自信心。經(jīng)過分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)遼寧青年女籃有較好的賽前情緒狀態(tài);但與優(yōu)秀青年女籃隊(duì)伍相比,在賽前情緒-T方面,社會(huì)期待特質(zhì)焦慮較低,軀體特質(zhì)焦慮較高,個(gè)體失敗特質(zhì)焦慮全隊(duì)較低,但主力隊(duì)員較高,特質(zhì)自信心較低;在競賽狀態(tài)焦慮方面,低認(rèn)知狀態(tài)焦慮,軀體狀態(tài)焦慮較低,低狀態(tài)自信心;高軀體焦慮、低自信心嚴(yán)重;比賽慢熱現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,表現(xiàn)出遇強(qiáng)不強(qiáng),遇弱也不強(qiáng)的狀況。(2)對(duì)遼寧青年女籃運(yùn)動(dòng)員賽前情緒進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)時(shí),需根據(jù)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)的項(xiàng)目特點(diǎn)和運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心理特點(diǎn)及場上表現(xiàn)綜合評(píng)定,對(duì)她們進(jìn)行賽前情緒調(diào)節(jié)方法的教授和長期訓(xùn)練,在完成日常訓(xùn)練的基礎(chǔ)上選用合適的調(diào)節(jié)手段進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié),從而提高自信心,降低賽前焦慮。(3)個(gè)案分析發(fā)現(xiàn),高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員受心理因素影響較大,綜合運(yùn)用心理學(xué)方法(提高適應(yīng)的方法、自我暗示法)和生理學(xué)方法(呼吸調(diào)節(jié)法、自身放松法)等方法調(diào)節(jié)其賽前情緒能有效改善其競技狀態(tài);技能水平較低的運(yùn)動(dòng)員受生理因素影響較大,應(yīng)提升自身專項(xiàng)技術(shù)。根據(jù)研究得出以下結(jié)論:(1)遼寧青年女籃總體上有較好的賽前情緒狀態(tài),但與優(yōu)秀青年女籃隊(duì)伍有一定的差距。(2)通過科學(xué)、合理的賽前情緒調(diào)節(jié)訓(xùn)練,能夠有效改善遼寧青年女籃運(yùn)動(dòng)員的賽前情緒狀態(tài),有利于其在比賽中發(fā)揮自身競技水平。
[Abstract]:Athletes' emotional state before competition often directly affects their competitive state and restricts athletes' performance on the spot. The study on the emotional characteristics of Liaoning young women basketball players before the competition and their adjustment has important practical significance for their technical and tactical development and the improvement of their ability to adapt to the situation on the spot, and has far-reaching significance for their growth. In this study, the pre-competition emotion of 12 young women basketball players in the women's basketball U18 group of the 13th National Games of Liaoning Province was studied, and the methods of literature, psychological measurement and psychological training were used. Case analysis and mathematical statistics are used to study the characteristics of pre-competition emotion -T and competitive state anxiety of Liaoning young women basketball players, which are compared with the excellent young women basketball team of our country; on the basis of this, according to the relevant theory, the author makes a comparative study on the characteristics of pre-competition emotion and competition state anxiety of Liaoning young women basketball players. The aim of this paper is to find out effective adjustment methods, reduce anxiety and improve self-confidence by teaching and training the emotion regulation methods of Liaoning Youth Women Basketball team before the competition. After analysis, we find that: (1) Liaoning Youth Women Basketball team has a good pre-competition emotional state, but compared with the excellent youth women basketball team, the social expectation trait anxiety is lower and the somatic trait anxiety is higher than the excellent youth women basketball team. The individual failure trait anxiety is lower, but the main team member is higher, the trait self-confidence is lower, in the competition state anxiety aspect, the cognition state anxiety, the body state anxiety is lower, the low state self-confidence is low, the high body anxiety, the low self-confidence is serious; The phenomenon of slow fever is serious, showing whether the situation is strong or weak or not. (2) when adjusting the emotion of Liaoning young women basketball players before competition, it is necessary to evaluate comprehensively according to the characteristics of basketball events, the psychological characteristics of athletes and the performance on the court. In order to improve their self-confidence and reduce their pre-competition anxiety, they were taught and trained for a long period of time. (3) A case study showed that, on the basis of completing daily training, appropriate adjustment means were selected to regulate them. (3) A case study showed that, High level athletes are greatly influenced by psychological factors, and use psychological methods (improving adaptation, self-suggestion) and physiology (respiratory regulation). Self-relaxation method) and other methods to adjust their pre-competition mood can effectively improve their competitive state; the athletes with lower skill level are greatly affected by physiological factors and should improve their own special skills. According to the research, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Liaoning Youth Women's Basketball team has a good emotional state before the competition, but there is a certain gap with the excellent youth women's basketball team. (2) through scientific and reasonable pre-competition emotional adjustment training, It can effectively improve the emotional state of Liaoning young women basketball players before the competition and help them to play their own competitive level in the competition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G841;G804.8

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本文編號(hào)：2157483