發(fā)布時間：2018-07-03 09:53

  本文選題：高校 + 成就目標理論　； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前高校體育課的絕大多數(shù)項目都是在陸地進行的,學(xué)生已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了陸地項目的運動形式。而游泳則是在水中進行的并且練習(xí)者在水中游泳時身體是處于仰臥位或者是俯臥位的這與他們早已習(xí)慣的站位姿勢完全不符。游泳者會因為水的浮力、壓力、阻力產(chǎn)生頭暈、惡心、難以調(diào)節(jié)呼吸等方面的不適感再加上水的波動,就會導(dǎo)致初學(xué)者很難找到身體的著力點,使他們不能控制自己的身體平衡。因此學(xué)生在初學(xué)時會很難適應(yīng)這種新的活動形式導(dǎo)致在游泳過程中出現(xiàn)溺水、嗆水的現(xiàn)象從而使他們產(chǎn)生對水的恐懼心理。成就目標理論是目前體育教學(xué)領(lǐng)域中一個新的指導(dǎo)性理論,在一定程度上成就目標也稱之為成就目標取向,成就目標理論是認知心理學(xué)家試圖運用社會認知理論的原理研究個體在成就情境中的動機和行為的理論,是利用人們在完成任務(wù)的過程中,力求獲得成功的內(nèi)部動因。本文將成就目標定向理論應(yīng)用到高校公共體育游泳選修課中,預(yù)期達到實驗教學(xué)的相應(yīng)目標:通過培養(yǎng)個體成就目標定向來形成更加優(yōu)良的課堂氣氛,緩解大學(xué)生游泳學(xué)習(xí)的恐懼心理;同時培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的成就目標更有利于提高個體理論知識、技術(shù)和技能水平,以及努力程度和堅持性;提高學(xué)生游泳技術(shù)水平、身體素質(zhì)水平以及心理能力,同時優(yōu)化游泳教學(xué)訓(xùn)練或?qū)W習(xí)方式,進一步提升體育教學(xué)的效果。在研究方法上通過文獻資料法對前期的相關(guān)研究成果進行整理,為本文研究奠定理論基礎(chǔ);再通過專家訪談法,通過專家的指導(dǎo)性的意見,對實驗教學(xué)的相關(guān)問題進行修正完善;再通過實驗前后的問卷調(diào)查法對實驗的相關(guān)指標進行數(shù)理的統(tǒng)計分析,從而為本實驗教學(xué)的效果分析提供基礎(chǔ);而通過實驗法的教學(xué)過程實現(xiàn)對成就目標定向理論的應(yīng)用,最后總結(jié)歸出成就目標定向理論不僅適用于高校游泳選修課的教學(xué),而且也可為其它專業(yè)教學(xué)提供有價值的參考。通對長春市高校公共體育課中游泳選項課中的學(xué)生進行成就目標理論的應(yīng)用研究,緩解了目前高校公共游泳選項課中學(xué)生恐懼的心理現(xiàn)狀,同時利用成就目標理論在游泳中進行實驗研究,提高了學(xué)生游泳技能學(xué)習(xí)的興趣,緩解水的恐懼心理,提高游泳教學(xué)的效果,提升學(xué)生的游泳運動參與的興趣。同時通過學(xué)生的成就目標理論掌握,來提高個體理論知識、技術(shù)和技能水平,以及努力程度和堅持性;更重要的是能夠提高學(xué)生適應(yīng)外界環(huán)境的心理能力水平,同時優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)方式。因此,成就目標定向理論不僅適用于高校游泳選修課的教學(xué),而且也可為其它專業(yè)教學(xué)提供有價值的參考。本實驗研究的結(jié)果如下:1.成就目標理論從心理上激發(fā)個體的參與程度,游泳教學(xué)中學(xué)生的擔心、恐懼心理的產(chǎn)生是因為對掌握游泳技術(shù)的目標不夠清晰,再加上之前沒有很好的體驗。因此在制定目標的過程中要綜合的考慮學(xué)生的客觀能力和水平,另一方面還要鼓勵學(xué)生積極主動的參與其中,及時的反饋信息,與教師進行交流和溝通。2.成就目標理論的過程性干預(yù)后,極大地緩解了學(xué)生恐懼的心理,大大提高了學(xué)生參與學(xué)習(xí)的“熱情”。3.通過成就目標的理論干預(yù),學(xué)生在蛙泳的技術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)中的效果明顯,實驗班的學(xué)生在蛙泳的技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)的學(xué)習(xí)中明顯好于對照班,而技術(shù)的好壞又直接決定了游進的速度,實驗證明實驗班的學(xué)生在整體的游進速度上也優(yōu)于對照班的學(xué)生。
[Abstract]:Most of the sports in college are currently on land, and students have become accustomed to the form of the land project. Swimming is in the water and the swimmers are in the supine position or the prone position when they swim in the water. Water's buoyancy, pressure, resistance produces dizziness, nausea, and the difficulty of adjusting the discomfort of breathing, and the fluctuation of water, it will make it difficult for beginners to find the focus of the body so that they can't control their body balance. Therefore, students will be difficult to adapt to this new form of activity in the course of primary school, which leads to drowning in swimming. The phenomenon of water, water and water causes them to produce fear of water. Achievement goal theory is a new guiding theory in the field of physical education at present. To a certain extent, achievement goal is also called achievement goal orientation. Achievement goal theory is the principle of cognitive psychologists trying to use social cognitive theory to study individual achievement. The theory of motivation and behavior in the situation is to make use of people's internal motivation to achieve success in the process of completing the task. This paper applies the theory of achievement goal orientation to the elective course of public sports swimming in Colleges and universities. It is expected to achieve the corresponding goal of experimental teaching: to form a better class by training the goal orientation of individual achievement. Atmosphere, relieving the fear of College Students' swimming learning; at the same time fostering students' achievement goals is more conducive to improving individual theoretical knowledge, technology and skill level, and the degree of effort and persistence; improving the level of swimming skills, the level of physical quality and psychological ability, and optimizing the training or learning methods of swimming. To improve the effect of sports teaching. In the study method, the relevant research results of the earlier period are collated through the literature method, and the theoretical foundation is laid for this study. Through the expert interview method, the relevant problems of the experimental teaching are corrected through the expert advice, and the experiment is carried out by the questionnaire survey method before and after the experiment. The related indexes are analyzed by mathematical statistics, thus providing the basis for the analysis of the effect of this experiment, and the application of the theory of achievement goal orientation through the teaching process of the experimental method. Finally, the conclusion of the achievement goal orientation theory is not only applicable to the teaching of College Swimming elective courses, but also can be provided for other specialized teaching. The application of the achievement goal theory to the students in the optional swimming course in the public physical education course of Changchun university has relieved the psychological status of the students' fear in the public swimming optional course at present, and carried out the test study in swimming by using the theory of achievement goal to improve the students' swimming skill learning. To relieve the fear of water, to improve the effect of swimming teaching and to improve the interest of the students to participate in swimming. At the same time, the students' theory of achievement goal is mastered to improve the individual theory knowledge, technology and skill level, and the degree of effort and perseverance; and more importantly, it can improve the students' psychological ability to adapt to the external environment. Therefore, the achievement goal orientation theory is not only applicable to the teaching of College Swimming elective courses, but also provides valuable reference for other specialized teaching. The results of this experiment are as follows: 1. the achievement goal theory stimulates the degree of individual participation in psychology, the fear of the middle school students in swimming teaching, and the fear psychology. It is due to the lack of clear goals for swimming skills and no good experience before. Therefore, the objective ability and level of the students should be taken into consideration in the process of setting goals, and on the other hand, students should be encouraged to participate actively and actively, the timely feedback information, and the communication and communication of.2. achievements with teachers. The procedural intervention of the standard theory greatly relieves the students' fear and greatly improves the "enthusiasm" of the students' participation in learning through the theoretical intervention of the achievement goal. The students' effect in the breaststroke technology learning is obvious. The students in the experimental class are better than the control class in the study of the breaststroke technical links, and the quality of the technology is good or bad. It also directly determines the speed of swimming. Experiments prove that the students in the experimental class are better than the students in the control class.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G861.1-4

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 潘英;顏丹;;高校游泳教學(xué)中女生恐懼心理的產(chǎn)生及應(yīng)對措施探討[J];亞太教育;2016年14期

2 李松泰;;探討高校游泳教學(xué)中學(xué)生恐懼心理的影響因素及其解決路徑[J];體育科技;2016年01期

3 李磊;;探討如何在游泳教學(xué)中消除學(xué)生的恐懼心理[J];當代體育科技;2015年16期

4 徐群;;高校游泳教學(xué)中學(xué)生水恐懼心理探析[J];蘭州教育學(xué)院學(xué)報;2014年07期

5 李斑斑;徐錦芬;;成就目標定向?qū)τ⒄Z自主學(xué)習(xí)能力的影響及自我效能感的中介作用[J];中國外語;2014年03期

6 王君鵬;崔現(xiàn)飛;;游泳教學(xué)中初學(xué)者恐懼心理產(chǎn)生的原因與消除對策[J];科學(xué)大眾(科學(xué)教育);2013年05期

7 莊慧潔;陶e，

本文編號：2093243