本文選題：運動生物力學 + 負重方式�。� 參考：《體育學刊》2017年02期

【摘要】：研究軀干采用不同負重方式時人體行走的步態(tài)特征,探討軀干不同負重方式對步態(tài)的影響,為日常行走的負重方式的選擇或仿生機器人的設計提供參考。選用10名普通男性大學生為受試者,佩戴特制負重架,分別進行軀干基礎負重、軀干前負重和軀干后負重3種狀態(tài)下的行走,采用Kistler三維測力臺、Motion紅外高速運動捕捉系統(tǒng)同步采集運動學、動力學數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果顯示,在行走過程中與后負重相比,前負重顯著增加了步寬、重心的水平擺動幅度、踝最大背屈角度、最大伸髖角度、最大伸髖力矩、髖正功、最大伸膝力矩、膝負功,顯著減小了步長、軀干前后傾幅度、踝最大跖屈力矩。結(jié)論認為,人體前負重行走時,具有更小的步長和更大的步寬,會造成更多的能量消耗;軀干的向后傾斜,腰背部肌肉更容易疲勞,長此以往,更容易造成下腰痛的發(fā)生;同時,大腿肌肉用力增大,消耗更多的能量,長時間行走,大腿肌肉會更快疲勞;在設計前負重兩足步行機器人時也應適當調(diào)整相應參數(shù),增大驅(qū)動力,滿足更多能量消耗。
[Abstract]:To study the gait characteristics of human body walking with different weight-bearing ways of trunk, the influence of different ways of heavy weight on the gait is discussed. It provides reference for the selection of load bearing mode of daily walking or the design of bionic robot. 10 ordinary male college students were selected as subjects and Pedet weight-bearing frame was carried out to carry on the trunk base bearing and trunk respectively. In the 3 state of walking with the front weight and the back weight of the trunk, the Kistler three dimensional force table and the Motion infrared high-speed motion capture system were used to collect the kinematics and dynamics data synchronously. The results showed that in the course of walking, the front weight significantly increased the step width, the horizontal swing amplitude of the center of gravity, the maximum angle of the ankle, the maximum angle of the hip extension, and the maximum hip extension angle. Degree, maximum hip extension torque, hip positive work, maximum extension knee torque, knee negative work, significantly reduced step length, trunk tilt, and ankle maximum flexion moment. Conclusion that the body has smaller step length and greater step width in front weight walking, resulting in more energy dissipation, backward tilting of trunk, and more fatigue in back muscles of the waist and back. In the meantime, it is easier to cause lower back pain; at the same time, the thigh muscles increase, consume more energy, walk for a long time, and the thigh muscles will be tired faster; when the biped walking robot is weighed before the design, the corresponding parameters should be adjusted to increase the driving force to meet more energy consumption.
【作者單位】： 北京體育大學運動生物力學教研室;
【基金】：國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃(863計劃)
【分類號】：G804.6

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