本文選題：技術(shù) + 戰(zhàn)術(shù)�。� 參考：《上海體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以項(xiàng)群理論中的持拍類項(xiàng)目作為理論基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用專家訪談法確立壁球技戰(zhàn)術(shù)指標(biāo)構(gòu)建原則,構(gòu)建壁球比賽基本觀察指標(biāo),包括擊球技術(shù),擊球位置(落點(diǎn)),擊球線路和擊球效果。其次運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、錄像觀察法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、對(duì)比分析法等研究方法,對(duì)30場(chǎng)(2282個(gè)回合)女子高水平女子壁球比賽的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)運(yùn)用特征進(jìn)行研究分析。具體分析優(yōu)秀女子壁球運(yùn)動(dòng)員發(fā)球和接發(fā)球技戰(zhàn)術(shù)特征,全場(chǎng)技戰(zhàn)術(shù)特征,最后一拍技戰(zhàn)術(shù)特征和拍數(shù)段落特征。通過(guò)研究結(jié)果,得出如下結(jié)論:1.在擊球技術(shù)上:優(yōu)秀壁球女子運(yùn)動(dòng)員在發(fā)球時(shí)以高吊球?yàn)橹�。接發(fā)球時(shí),使用最多的技術(shù)是截?fù)糸L(zhǎng)球,截?fù)羟蚴褂寐矢哂诼涞厍?全場(chǎng)使用最多的技術(shù)是長(zhǎng)球,落地球使用率高于截?fù)羟颉俜皆诮影l(fā)球和全場(chǎng)球中進(jìn)攻性技術(shù)的使用率都高于負(fù)方�？梢钥闯�,當(dāng)今世界優(yōu)秀女子壁球選手的打法較為保守,主要以控制后場(chǎng)底線為主,利用短球和截?fù)舳糖蜃鳛橹饕M(jìn)攻手段。總體打法正向著更快節(jié)奏,更具進(jìn)攻性的趨勢(shì)發(fā)展。2.在擊球位置(落點(diǎn))上:接發(fā)球主要落點(diǎn)在5號(hào)區(qū)。全場(chǎng)擊球落點(diǎn)最多的區(qū)域是5號(hào)區(qū),擊球落點(diǎn)最少的區(qū)域是2號(hào)區(qū);女子球員在4號(hào)區(qū)擊球時(shí)得分最高,在3號(hào)區(qū)擊球時(shí)失分最多,在比賽中,中場(chǎng)區(qū)是女子運(yùn)動(dòng)員最主要的得失分區(qū)域,勝方中場(chǎng)球失誤率略低于負(fù)方。3.在擊球線路上:截?fù)粜本�長(zhǎng)球是接發(fā)球時(shí)最常用的技術(shù)。接發(fā)球直線斜線球使用率無(wú)差異。全場(chǎng)技術(shù)中,直線長(zhǎng)球使用率最高,直線斜線總使用率明顯高于斜線。進(jìn)攻性技術(shù)甚之。4.在擊球效果上:截?fù)舳糖蚴墙影l(fā)球時(shí)得分最多的技術(shù);截?fù)糸L(zhǎng)球是接發(fā)球中失分最多得技術(shù)。截?fù)羟蛟诮影l(fā)球中得失分率為1.4,有效率很低。全場(chǎng)得分最多的技術(shù)依次是長(zhǎng)球、短球和截?fù)舳糖?失分最多的技術(shù)依次是短球、長(zhǎng)球和截?fù)舳糖?得失分率成正比關(guān)系。勝方在全場(chǎng)技術(shù)中得分率明顯高于負(fù)方,但在失誤率上和負(fù)方無(wú)明顯差異,說(shuō)明,失誤率的高低可以直接決定比賽的勝負(fù)關(guān)系,在對(duì)打中,5-8拍回合在比賽中出現(xiàn)的頻次最高,其次是1-4拍,92.8%得球在20拍之內(nèi)決定勝負(fù)。通過(guò)上述結(jié)論,得出如下建議:1.在比賽中,根據(jù)比賽實(shí)際情況,增加截?fù)羟蚝瓦M(jìn)攻球的使用率,主動(dòng)改變比賽節(jié)奏,把握機(jī)會(huì),搶占比賽先機(jī)。2.加強(qiáng)中場(chǎng)區(qū)進(jìn)攻球練習(xí),提高中場(chǎng)進(jìn)攻球的威脅和成功率;同時(shí)加強(qiáng)截?fù)羟蚝吞羟虻木毩?xí),提高截?fù)羟蚝吞羟虻馁|(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性。3.出手線路應(yīng)更加多變,增加斜線球的使用率,在球員能力范圍內(nèi),進(jìn)攻時(shí),偶爾改變線路,增大對(duì)手預(yù)判難度。4.提高發(fā)接發(fā)后幾拍回球質(zhì)量,抓住前4拍的回球,為自身創(chuàng)造優(yōu)勢(shì)。同時(shí),應(yīng)加強(qiáng)球員體能練習(xí),提高在多拍下回球的穩(wěn)定性,增強(qiáng)球員在多回合下的自信心和耐心。
[Abstract]:In this study, based on the racket-holding items in the theory of item group, using the method of expert interview to establish the construction principle of squash technique and tactics index, and to construct the basic observation index of squash match, including the batting technique. Batting position (drop point, stroke line, and stroke effect). Secondly, by using the methods of literature, video observation, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis, the characteristics of technical and tactical application of 30 (2282 rounds) women's high level women squash competitions were studied and analyzed. The characteristics of serving and receiving serve of excellent female squash players, the technical and tactical characteristics of the whole court, and the characteristics of the last shot and several paragraphs are analyzed in detail. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusion is drawn: 1. In batting technique: excellent squash female players serve with high-hanging ball. In receiving service, the most used technique is volley long ball, the use rate of volley is higher than that of falling earth, and the most widely used technique is long ball, the utilization rate of falling earth is higher than that of volley ball. The winning side's use of offensive technology in both the receiver and the full-court ball is higher than that in the negative side. It can be seen that the best women squash players in the world play conservatively, mainly to control the bottom line in the back court, and to use short ball and short volley as the main offensive means. The overall approach is moving towards a faster, more offensive trend. 2. In the batting position (drop point): the receiving serve is mainly in area 5. The area with the most hitting point is area 5 and the area with the least hitting point is area 2; the female player has the highest score in area 4 and the most points in area 3, and in the game, The midfield area is the most important area for women athletes, and the error rate of the winning side is slightly lower than that of the negative side. 3. In the batting line: volley bevel long ball is the most commonly used technique in service. There is no difference in the utilization rate of the receiving ball with straight diagonal ball. The total utilization rate of straight sloping line is higher than that of diagonal line. Offensive technology. In batting effect: the short volley is the technique that scores the most when receiving the serve; the volley long ball is the technique of losing the most points in the receiving serve. The scoring rate of volley ball in receiving serve is 1.4, and the efficiency is very low. The technique with the most score is the long ball, the short ball and the short volley, and the technique with the most losing points is the short ball, the long ball and the short volley, and the score ratio is proportional. The winning side is obviously higher than the negative side in the overall technique, but there is no obvious difference between the failure rate and the negative side. It shows that the error rate can directly determine the winning and losing relationship of the match, and the frequency of the 5-8 beat round in the match is the highest. The next is 1-4 and 92. 8% of the ball in 20 to decide the win or defeat. Through the above conclusion, we draw the following suggestion: 1. In the match, according to the actual situation of the match, increase the utilization rate of volley and attack ball, change the match rhythm actively, grasp the opportunity, seize the first chance of the match. Strengthen the practice of attacking ball in midfield, improve the threat and success rate of attacking ball in midfield, strengthen the practice of volley ball and pick ball, improve the quality and stability of volley and pick ball. The line should be more changeable, increase the use of diagonal ball, in the player's range of ability, attack, occasionally change the line, increase the difficulty of foresight. 4. Improve the quality of a few shots after receiving the ball, catch the first 4 shots of the ball, for their own advantages. At the same time, we should strengthen the players' physical practice, improve the stability of the next round ball, and enhance the confidence and patience of the players in the multi-round.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G849.9

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