本文選題：足球 + 守門員��； 參考：《成都體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：眼睛是人類獲取外部信息的主要途徑,通過記錄人的眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)來研究人的心理變化被廣泛應(yīng)用于心理學(xué)中。體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)景瞬息萬變,隨時(shí)都需要運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過觀察并做出準(zhǔn)確判斷,眼動(dòng)儀可以提供運(yùn)動(dòng)員在判斷過程中的注視軌跡及視覺搜索策略,眼動(dòng)分析法被認(rèn)為是研究人類信息提取最為有效的手段之一。本文以足球守門員和普通在校大學(xué)生觀看不同足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員主罰點(diǎn)球?yàn)閷?shí)驗(yàn)材料,對(duì)足球守門員在防守點(diǎn)球過程中的眼動(dòng)特征進(jìn)行研究。本實(shí)驗(yàn)一共有20名被試參與,其中足球守門員10名(達(dá)到國(guó)家二級(jí)水平以上,且最近一年內(nèi)有參與比賽),普通在校大學(xué)生10名(沒有參加過正式的足球守門員訓(xùn)練,但有足球守門員的經(jīng)驗(yàn)),參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人員視力及矯正視力均達(dá)到5.0以上,無色盲色弱等問題,身體及心理健康。實(shí)驗(yàn)以自行拍攝的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員主罰點(diǎn)球視頻為刺激材料,實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器采用美國(guó)應(yīng)用科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(ASL)生產(chǎn)的ASL-D6眼動(dòng)記錄儀,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)來分析運(yùn)動(dòng)員判斷過程中的反應(yīng)時(shí)、正確率及眼動(dòng)指標(biāo),應(yīng)用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件和Microsoft Excl工作表進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。研究結(jié)果:(1)專家組足球守門員判斷點(diǎn)球線路時(shí)的眼動(dòng)注視軌跡大體一致,通過對(duì)其總結(jié)得出注視軌跡線路:頭—髖—支撐腿—擺動(dòng)腿—球,而新手組的注視軌跡比較散亂、沒有規(guī)律性。(2)在不同類型刺激材料中,專家組和新手組的反應(yīng)時(shí)和準(zhǔn)確率存在顯著性差異,專家組的反應(yīng)時(shí)較新手組的反應(yīng)時(shí)快;專家組守門員判斷點(diǎn)球方向的正確率比新手組足球守門員更高。(3)專家組足球守門員比新手組足球守門員具有更高的信息加工效率。專家組守門員觀看比賽情境實(shí)驗(yàn)片段比新手組觀看比賽情境實(shí)驗(yàn)片段更接近于實(shí)際;專家組足球守門員的注視時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),注視位置較少,注視位置明確;新手組大學(xué)生的注視位置多,注視時(shí)間短,注視位置分散。(4)隨著實(shí)驗(yàn)材料難度的增加,專家組和新手組判斷點(diǎn)球方向的正確率逐漸降低,反應(yīng)時(shí)逐漸增加。在A、B實(shí)驗(yàn)片段是足球守門員判斷點(diǎn)球方向的關(guān)鍵期,專家組被試把觀看罰球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的髖、支撐腿、擺動(dòng)腿和球作為決定射門方向的主要觀察點(diǎn)。新手組被試的注視比較散亂,沒有重點(diǎn)注視區(qū)域;專家組的反應(yīng)時(shí)短、正確率較高;新手組的反應(yīng)時(shí)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)、正確率也較低。新手組被試的注視沒有規(guī)律性。在C實(shí)驗(yàn)片段兩組被試之間沒有差異。(5)在本實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,足球守門員的臨場(chǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、訓(xùn)練程度及運(yùn)動(dòng)水平是影響各個(gè)位置上注視時(shí)間及注視次數(shù)的主要因素,直接影響運(yùn)動(dòng)員判斷點(diǎn)球線路的整個(gè)過程。
[Abstract]:Eye is the main way for human to obtain external information. It is widely used in psychology to study human psychological changes by recording human eye movements.The sports scene changes rapidly in sports, and athletes need to observe and make accurate judgment at any time. Eye movement instrument can provide the watching track and visual search strategy of athletes in the process of judging.Eye movement analysis is considered to be one of the most effective methods to study human information extraction.In this paper, the characteristics of eye movement of football goalkeeper in the process of defending penalty kick are studied by using football goalkeeper and ordinary college students to watch different football players' penalty kicks.A total of 20 participants participated in the experiment, of which 10 were football goalkeepers (above the national second level, and in the last year), 10 ordinary college students (no formal football goalkeeper training),But with the experience of the goalkeeper in football, the visual acuity and corrected visual acuity of the people involved in the experiment are all above 5.0, and there is no problem of color blindness and color weakness, physical and mental health.The experiment is based on the video of soccer players' penalty shootings, and the ASL-D6 eye motion recorder produced by the American Applied Science Laboratory (ASL) is used to analyze the reaction of the athletes in the judging process.The correct rate and eye movement index were analyzed by SPSS16.0 software and Microsoft Excl worksheet.In different types of stimuli, the response time and accuracy of the expert group and the novice group were significantly different, and the response time of the expert group was faster than that of the novice group.The expert group goalkeeper has higher accuracy than the novice soccer goalkeeper) the expert group goalkeeper has higher information processing efficiency than the novice soccer goalkeeper.The goalie of the group of experts watching the scene experiment segment of the match is closer to the reality than the novice group, and the football goalkeeper of the group of experts has a longer fixation time, less fixed position and clear fixation position.With the increase of the difficulty of experimental materials, the correct rate of judging the direction of penalty kick in expert group and novice group decreased gradually, and the reaction time increased gradually.During the critical period in which the goalie judges the direction of penalty kick, the expert group takes the hip, supporting leg, swinging leg and ball as the main observation points to determine the direction of shooting.In the novice group, the fixation time was scattered, and there was no focus area; the response time of the expert group was short and the correct rate was higher; the response time of the novice group was longer and the accuracy rate was lower.The novice subjects had no regularity in their gaze.There was no difference between the two groups of subjects in the C experiment segment. (5) under this experimental condition, the field experience, training level and sports level of the goalkeeper were the main factors affecting the fixation time and the number of fixation times in each position.It directly affects the whole process of judging the penalty kick circuit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G843

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李曉娟;;眼動(dòng)方法在心理學(xué)研究中的現(xiàn)狀及其趨勢(shì)[J];山西大同大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2007年05期

2 李旺先;張電扇;王媛媛;王菲;;閱讀中的眼動(dòng)方法述評(píng)[J];吉林省教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2011年01期

3 白學(xué)軍;眼動(dòng)分析法及其在研究?jī)和喿x中的應(yīng)用[J];心理發(fā)展與教育;1992年03期

4 隋雪,李立潔;眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)研究概況[J];遼寧師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2003年01期

5 陶云,劉艷;不同年級(jí)學(xué)生閱讀示意圖課文的眼動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];孝感學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年02期

6 鄧鑄;眼動(dòng)心理學(xué)的理論、技術(shù)及應(yīng)用研究[J];南京師大學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年01期

7 葉培龍;王亞同;;眼動(dòng)行為研究[J];青海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年03期

8 周鵬生;;眼動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中的操作和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)[J];中國(guó)現(xiàn)代教育裝備;2009年11期

9 王佑鎂;;眼動(dòng)分析技術(shù)在學(xué)習(xí)與閱讀研究中的應(yīng)用述評(píng)——基于主題詞的共詞聚類分析[J];遠(yuǎn)程教育雜志;2011年05期

10 呂小君;;朗讀表達(dá)水平對(duì)大學(xué)生閱讀影響的眼動(dòng)研究[J];南昌教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年05期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 陶云;白學(xué)軍;閻國(guó)利;;小學(xué)生插圖課文的眼動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[A];第九屆全國(guó)心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議文摘選集[C];2001年

2 周穎;劉俊升;;內(nèi)隱攻擊性的眼動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)[A];第十屆全國(guó)心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)大會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2005年

3 賀薈中;方俊明;;聾生與聽力正常學(xué)生在背景知識(shí)參與下建立文本整體連貫的眼動(dòng)比較[A];第十屆全國(guó)心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)大會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2005年

4 劉真;蘭繼軍;;采用眼動(dòng)方法進(jìn)行的廣告效果評(píng)價(jià)研究[A];第十一屆全國(guó)心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議論文摘要集[C];2007年

5 沈德立;陶云;;不同文體課文閱讀過程的眼動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[A];第九屆全國(guó)心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議文摘選集[C];2001年

6 李勇;陰國(guó)恩;;青少年類別使用的眼動(dòng)發(fā)展研究[A];第十屆全國(guó)心理學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)大會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2005年

7 齊s，

本文編號(hào)：1744174