本文選題：間歇訓練法　切入點：耐力素質　出處：《東北師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年來我國速度滑冰項目的運動成績有了突飛猛進的提高,尤其是在男女短距離項目中更加明顯,但可以看出,我國速度滑冰項目在長距離項目中與世界速滑強國還是存在一定的差距,因此運動員的身體機能、技術水平和競技能力是突破這一瓶頸的關鍵所在。而青少年速滑運動員的培養(yǎng)是我國速度滑冰項目攀登世界高峰的重中之重。由于青少年運動員的身體各項機能尚未完全成熟,不宜做過多的無氧運動,避免影響今后運動成績的提高,所以應以發(fā)展耐力素質為主,多進行有氧、混氧以及少量的無氧耐力訓練。間歇訓練法是一種發(fā)展耐力素質很有效的訓練手段。通過調查研究,發(fā)現目前國外對間歇訓練法的運用和研究較多,在不同競技運動中,間歇訓練法都被較為廣泛的應用。在國內體育競技領域中,也有越來越多的運動項目在應用間歇訓練法,雖然通過研究證實,間歇訓練法可以提高運動員耐力素質,但這種訓練方法在田徑、游泳、自行車等項目中被應用的比較廣泛,但在速滑界對間歇訓練法的研究與應用還存在著不同認識和理解,應用的也并不是十分廣泛,并且本文的實驗對象為青少年這一特殊群體,青少年的身體機能與成年人不同,所以在訓練計劃的安排上和負荷強度的控制上都具有更嚴格的要求,青少年運動員由于身體機能問題,不宜做過多的無氧訓練,所以本文重點針對運動員的有氧能力和混氧能力進行測試研究。本文針對提高吉林省青少年速滑運動員(國家一級運動員)耐力素質的問題,提出運用間歇訓練法發(fā)展運動員耐力素質的研究,本文將針對不同的供能特點,通過發(fā)展性間歇訓練法和強化性間歇訓練法進行實驗研究。結合運用文獻資料法、專家訪談法、問卷調查法、實驗法、數理統計法,對八名國家一級青少年速滑運動員進行為期四個月的間歇訓練。本文重點對運動員的血乳酸(HL)和運動成績進行研究分析,對每個階段訓練前后的各項指標以及運動成績進行分析對比。通過運用間歇訓練法得出以下結論:1.在血乳酸標準值不變的情況下,負荷強度穩(wěn)步提高,能高效的完成訓練計劃;2.可以提高體內清除血乳酸的速度,增強身體對血乳酸的耐受能力;3.可以提高運動員的心肺功能水平;4.可以提高運動員1500米和5000米運動成績。通過以上結論證實間歇訓練對提高青少年速滑運動員耐力素質具有明顯的效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the performance of speed skating in China has improved by leaps and bounds, especially in men's and women's short distance sports, but it can be seen,There is still a certain gap between China's speed skating event and the world speed skating power in long distance events. Therefore, the body function, technical level and competitive ability of athletes are the key to break through this bottleneck.The training of young speed skaters is the top priority of speed skating in China.As the body functions of young athletes are not yet fully mature, it is not appropriate to do too much anaerobic exercise to avoid affecting the improvement of sports performance in the future. Therefore, we should focus on the development of endurance quality and do more aerobic activities.Mixed oxygen and a small amount of anaerobic endurance training.Intermittent training is an effective training method to develop endurance quality.Through investigation and research, it is found that there are more applications and researches on intermittent training in foreign countries, and interval training is widely used in different competitive sports.In the domestic sports field, there are more and more sports in the application of intermittent training method. Although research has proved that intermittent training method can improve athletes' endurance quality, this training method is used in track and field, swimming, etc.Bicycle and other projects are widely used, but in the field of speed skating, the research and application of intermittent training method still have different understanding and understanding, and the application of the method is not very wide.The physical function of young people is different from that of adults, so they have more stringent requirements in the arrangement of training programs and the control of load intensity. Because of physical problems, young athletes should not do too much anaerobic training.Therefore, this paper focuses on the aerobic capacity and mixed oxygen capacity of athletes.Aiming at the problem of improving the endurance quality of juvenile speed skaters in Jilin province, this paper puts forward the research on developing endurance quality of athletes by using interval training method. This paper will aim at different characteristics of energy supply.The experimental study was carried out by developmental intermittent training and intensive intermittent training.Combined with the methods of literature, expert interview, questionnaire, experiment and mathematical statistics, eight national first-grade speed skaters were trained for four months.This paper focuses on the research and analysis of athletes' blood lactic acid lactic acid (HLL) and sports performance, and analyzes and compares the indexes and sports achievements before and after training in each stage.The following conclusion is reached by using the intermittent training method: 1.Under the condition that the blood lactate standard value is unchanged, the load intensity increases steadily, and the training plan can be completed efficiently.It can improve the speed of removing blood lactic acid and enhance the tolerance ability of the body to blood lactic acid.It can improve the cardiopulmonary function of athletes.Can improve the athletes 1500 meters and 5000 meters sports results.Through the above conclusion, it is proved that intermittent training has obvious effect on improving the endurance quality of young speed skaters.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G862.1

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