本文選題：骨密度　切入點(diǎn)：兒童　出處：《北京體育大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的:探討兒童時(shí)期前臂骨密度的發(fā)育情況及其發(fā)育特征,了解身體成分及發(fā)育類型對(duì)骨密度的影響,為研究人體前臂骨密度變化規(guī)律提供依據(jù)。研究方法:取得家長(zhǎng)同意并由家長(zhǎng)簽署知情同意書后進(jìn)行3年追蹤測(cè)試,跟蹤測(cè)試指標(biāo)為:身高、體重、體脂率、前臂骨密度。2013年還進(jìn)行了骨齡測(cè)試。除去轉(zhuǎn)學(xué),測(cè)試期間病假等原因后,取第一年截止測(cè)試日期時(shí)為6歲的學(xué)生,進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,共289人(年齡6.6±0.2歲),其中男童146人,女童143人。結(jié)果:1.兒童前臂骨密度基本情況為6歲男童0.238±0.063g/cm2,女童0.225±0.061g/cm2;7歲男童0.224±0.045g/cm2,女童0.199±0.031g/cm2;8歲男童0.220±0.039g/cm2,女童0.199±0.040g/cm2。將男女骨密度進(jìn)行獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),在7歲、8歲時(shí),男童骨密度大于女童,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.05)。2.同一人群3年骨密度值方差分析,女童和男童均有下降趨勢(shì)(p0.05),女童下降人數(shù)與幅度均大于男童。3.早發(fā)育類型兒童占全體受試對(duì)象28.4%,正常發(fā)育類型63%,晚發(fā)育類型8.6%。分別以體重和身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)為協(xié)變量,對(duì)3個(gè)年齡段不同生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育類型間骨密度的差異進(jìn)行協(xié)方差分析,結(jié)果均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。3.骨密度與身高的偏相關(guān)結(jié)果無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;與體重的偏相關(guān)結(jié)果6到8歲均具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,r=0.200(p0.01)、r=0.124(p0.05)、r=0.176(p0.01);與身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)的偏相關(guān)結(jié)果均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,r=0.223(p0.01)、r=0.134(p0.01)、r=0.183(p0.01);骨密度與體脂率、瘦體重占比的偏相關(guān)分析都無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。4.骨密度變化量只與身高變化量的偏相關(guān)結(jié)果有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,r=-0.138(p0.05);各指標(biāo)變化的P25與P75人群的骨密度變化量獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果中也只有身高這一指標(biāo)具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。5.建立假設(shè)回歸模型,各年齡段多元線性回歸分析后,7歲時(shí)調(diào)整R2最高為0.104,性別和BMI進(jìn)入模型。6.6-8歲的超重肥胖率累計(jì)男童超過(guò)40%,女童超過(guò)30%,6歲到8歲男性肥胖率由21.9%上升到27.4%;女生的肥胖率從20.3%到18.2%。結(jié)論:同一批兒童追蹤研究發(fā)現(xiàn),6-8歲期間前臂骨密度隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而減少,女童比男童更為明顯。體重、身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)是6-8歲兒童前臂骨密度的影響因素。身高變化對(duì)前臂骨密度的變化有一定影響。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the development and developmental characteristics of forearm bone mineral density (BMD) in children, and to understand the effect of body composition and development type on BMD. Methods: after obtaining the parents' consent and signing the informed consent form, we carried out the tracking test for 3 years. The following indexes were: height, weight, body fat rate, and so on. Bone age test was also performed in 2013. After taking the reasons of transfer and sick leave during the test, 289 students (6.6 鹵0.2 years old, 146 boys) were selected for data analysis, who were 6 years old at the end of the first year of the test. Results: 1.Results the BMD in children's forearms was 0.238 鹵0.063 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys aged 6 years, 0.224 鹵0.045 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys of 7 years old, 0.199 鹵0.031 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys, 0.220 鹵0.039 g / cm ~ (-2) in boys and 0.199 鹵0.040 g / cm ~ (-2) in girls. The bone mineral density of boys was higher than that of girls when they were 7 years old or 8 years old. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). Analysis of variance of bone mineral density (BMD) in the same population for 3 years, Both girls and boys had a downward trend (p 0.05), and the number and extent of the decrease of girls were larger than that of boys. Children with early development type accounted for 28.444.The normal development type was 63m, and the late development type was 8.6.The body weight and body mass index were covariables, respectively. The results of covariance analysis showed that there was no significant difference between BMD and height. There was no significant difference between BMD and height. The results of partial correlation with body weight were statistically significant between the ages of 6 and 8, and the results of partial correlation with body mass index were statistically significant, and the bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat rate (BMI) were 0.134p0.01r0.183 and 0.183p0.01; the bone mineral density (BMD) and the body fat rate (BMD) were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the results of partial correlation with body mass index (BMI) and body mass index (BMI). There was no statistical significance in the partial correlation analysis of lean weight ratio. 4. The results of bias correlation between BMD and height were statistically significant, and the BMD of P25 and P75 were tested by independent t-test. The result shows that only height is statistically significant. 5. A hypothetical regression model is established. After multiple linear regression analysis of different age groups, adjusted R2 was the highest 0.104 at the age of 7, the cumulative rate of overweight and obesity in the age group of sex and BMI entering model .6.6-8 years old was more than 40% for boys, and the rate of obesity for boys over 30 years old for girls aged 6 to 8 years increased from 21.9% to 27.4% for girls, and the rate of obesity for girls increased from 21.9% to 27.4%. The rate of obesity ranged from 20.3% to 18.2.Conclusion: the same group of children's follow-up studies showed that the bone mineral density of forearm decreased with age between 6 and 8 years of age. Body weight and body mass index were the influential factors of forearm bone mineral density in children aged 6-8 years. Height change had certain influence on the change of forearm bone mineral density.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G804.49

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