本文選題：老年人　切入點：太極拳　出處：《山東體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究目的:運用表面肌電技術(shù)測試?yán)夏耆?4式簡化太極拳中5種經(jīng)典步態(tài)動作(摟膝拗步、倒卷肱、云手、蹬腳、攬雀尾)下肢肌肉(股直肌、股二頭肌、脛骨前肌、腓腸肌外側(cè)頭)的肌電信號,并分析下肢肌肉的活動特點。研究方法:運用ME-6000肌電儀與攝像機等器材,測試15名練習(xí)太極拳10年以上的老年人在5個經(jīng)典步態(tài)動作和正常走時,下肢4塊肌肉的肌電圖。通過參照視頻文件對動作周期進行劃分,運用Mega Win軟件對肌電信號進行截取、全波整流、平滑等處理,通過計算和比較相關(guān)頻域、時域指標(biāo)得出結(jié)果。研究結(jié)果:(1)5個經(jīng)典步態(tài)動作中4塊肌肉的積分肌電值都和正常走時相比產(chǎn)生過顯著性差異。5個經(jīng)典動作中對股直肌的鍛煉更多,而股直肌對維持身體平衡有著重要意義。(2)摟膝拗步在右腳著地左腳向前上步階段和左腳著地右腳向前收腳階段時左腿股二頭肌的貢獻率較大,在左腳著地右腳向前上步階段和右腳著地左腳向前收腳階段時左腿股直肌的貢獻率較大。(3)倒卷肱在右腳著地左腳向后退步階段左大腿肌肉激活的更早,左腳著地右腳向后退步階段左小腿肌肉的激活的更早。(4)云手動作左腳出步階段時左腿股二頭肌貢獻率更大,右腳收步階段時左腿股直肌貢獻率更大。(5)蹬腳動作左腳支撐蹬右腳階段時4塊肌肉的收縮持續(xù)時間都更久。(6)攬雀尾右腳在前階段時左腿股直肌和脛骨前肌的積分肌電值更大,左腳在前階段時左腿股二頭肌的積分肌電值更大。研究結(jié)論:(1)太極拳對大小腿前后側(cè)肌肉的鍛煉較為均衡,并不是只針對部分肌肉的運動,并且太極拳有益于提高身體的平衡能力。(2)摟膝拗步在右腳著地左腳向前上步階段和左腳著地右腳向前收腳階段時左腿的重要發(fā)力肌肉是股二頭肌,在左腳著地右腳向前上步階段和右腳著地左腳向前收腳階段時左腿的重要發(fā)力肌肉是股直肌。因此,摟膝拗步對大腿肌肉的鍛煉有著重要意義。(3)倒卷肱左腿做后撤動作時左大腿肌肉更為活躍,左腿做支撐動作時左小腿肌肉更為活躍。(4)云手左腳出步時左腿的重要發(fā)力肌肉是股二頭肌,右腳收步時左腿的重要發(fā)力肌肉是股直肌。因此,云手對大腿肌肉的鍛煉有著重要意義。(5)蹬腳左腿單腿支撐時需要左腿4塊肌肉都保持較長時間的收縮。(6)攬雀尾右腳在前時對左腿前側(cè)肌肉的鍛煉更多。左腳在前時對左腿股二頭肌的鍛煉更多。
[Abstract]:Objective: to test the muscles of lower limbs (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, anterior tibia) of 24 simplified Taijiquan in the elderly by surface electromyography (EMG). The electromyography of the lateral head of gastrocnemius and the characteristics of lower extremity muscle activity were analyzed. Methods: using ME-6000 electromyograph and video camera, 15 elderly people who had practiced Taijiquan for more than 10 years were tested during 5 classic gait movements and normal walking. EMG of 4 muscles of lower extremity. By referring to the video file to divide the motion cycle, using Mega Win software to intercept the EMG signal, rectifying the whole wave, smoothing and so on, through calculating and comparing the correlation frequency domain, The results of the study showed that the integral myoelectric values of 4 of the 5 classical gait movements were significantly different from those of the normal gait, and the rectus femoris muscle was exercised more frequently in the 5 classical gait movements. The rectus femoris muscle plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the body. (2) the biceps femoris muscle contributes greatly to the right foot, the left foot, the left foot, the left foot, the left foot, the left foot, the right foot, the left foot, the left foot, the right foot, the left foot, the right foot, the right foot, and the right foot, The contribution of the left leg rectus muscle to the left leg rectus muscle was higher during the left foot landing stage and the right foot landing left foot forward step stage.) the left thigh muscle activated earlier during the right foot landing and the left foot backward step. The left leg muscle activates earlier during the left foot landing and the right foot backward step. 4) the left leg biceps muscle contributes more to the left leg biceps muscle when the left foot steps out. The contribution rate of the left leg rectus muscle was greater during the right foot retraction stage. 5) the four muscles of the left foot supporting the right foot stage had longer contraction duration. 6) the integral myoelectric value of the left leg rectus femoris muscle and the tibial anterior muscle in the former stage was higher than that of the right foot. In the former stage of left foot, the integral electromyography of biceps femoris muscle of left leg is greater. Conclusion: 1) Taijiquan has a more balanced exercise on the anterior and posterior muscles of the calf, not only for some muscles. And Taijiquan is good for improving the balance of the body. 2) the important muscle of the left leg is the biceps femoris when the right foot lands on the ground and the left foot moves forward, and when the left foot lands on the ground and the right foot moves forward, the main muscle of the left leg is the biceps femoris. The main muscle of the left leg is the rectus femoris when the left foot lands on the ground and the right foot moves forward and the right foot moves forward. Cuddling the knee is of great significance to the exercise of the thigh muscles.) the left thigh muscles are more active when the left leg of the left brachium is pulled back. The left calf muscle is more active when the left leg is supported. 4) the important muscle of the left leg is the biceps femoris when the left foot steps out, and the important muscle of the left leg when the right foot moves is the rectus femoris. Cloud hand exercises to thigh muscle have important meaning. 5) when pedal foot left leg one leg support needs left leg 4 muscles to maintain longer contraction. 6) the freckle right foot is in front to the left leg front side muscle exercise more. The left foot is in the front. The left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front, the left foot is in the front. When the left leg biceps muscle exercise more.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G852.11

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