【摘要】：教育始于家庭,家庭是孩子的第一所學(xué)校,而家長則是孩子的第一任老師。家長主導(dǎo)著家庭教育的過程,決定著家庭教育的成敗。家庭教育是否能夠有效、順利的實施,在很大程度上取決于家長的教育素質(zhì)。近年來,專家學(xué)者對家長教育素質(zhì)內(nèi)涵及結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成并沒有達成共識,更缺少對家長教育素質(zhì)進行科學(xué)測量和評估的工具。家長教育素質(zhì)到底由哪些方面構(gòu)成,如何對其進行量化評估,其發(fā)展狀態(tài)如何,影響其發(fā)展的主要因素有哪些,這些問題都值得我們進行深入探討。本研究在借鑒國內(nèi)外已有研究的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對素質(zhì)內(nèi)涵、哲人教育思想、教師素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)以及現(xiàn)代家庭教育理論與實踐中有關(guān)家長教育素質(zhì)構(gòu)成的梳理,結(jié)合小學(xué)階段家庭教育的任務(wù)和特點,初步構(gòu)建出了小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)的理論模型。根據(jù)理論模型的構(gòu)想,編制了《小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)調(diào)查問卷》,并抽取218名家長進行了初測。對初測結(jié)果進行了項目分析、探索性因子分析、驗證性因子分析以及信效度檢驗等問卷標準化過程,刪除了不符合標準的項目,并結(jié)合有關(guān)專家及部分小學(xué)生家長的意見,對問卷進行了修改,最后形成了調(diào)查小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)的正式問卷。以此為測量工具,選取了 860名小學(xué)生家長為調(diào)查對象,訪談了 20名家長、10名班主任老師,描述了小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)各維度及發(fā)展途徑的運用現(xiàn)狀;劃分出五種家長教育素質(zhì)類型并歸納其特征;以年級段為時間軸,描繪了小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)的發(fā)展狀態(tài)曲線;結(jié)合訪談?wù){(diào)查,分析了成因,探討了學(xué)校、媒體、周邊人群、專家、自身實踐等發(fā)展途徑對小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)發(fā)展的影響。通過對研究結(jié)果的分析與梳理,本研究最終形成以下5條結(jié)論:(1)小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)由教育觀念、教育知識和教育能力構(gòu)成,在教育觀念影響下,教育能力以教育知識為基礎(chǔ),在教育知識發(fā)展軌跡上小幅波動發(fā)展。(2)《小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)調(diào)查問卷》具有良好的信效度,可以作為調(diào)查小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的測量工具。(3)小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)總體處于被動適應(yīng)狀態(tài),且素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)處在不平衡狀態(tài),教育知識尤其理論性知識是制約教育素質(zhì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵因素,按教育素質(zhì)水平可將家長劃分為難以應(yīng)付型、疲于應(yīng)付型、被動適應(yīng)型、主動適應(yīng)型和卓越創(chuàng)新型等五種類型,近一半家長屬于被動適應(yīng)型家長。(4)兒童發(fā)展觀、兒童心理知識、建立良好親子關(guān)系能力是制約小學(xué)生家長教育素質(zhì)各維度發(fā)展的重要因素。(5)教育素質(zhì)發(fā)展途徑的運用狀況總體處在一般水平,媒體途徑對小學(xué)生家長發(fā)展自身的教育素質(zhì)有著重要的影響,學(xué)校途徑則是運用頻率最高但影響最小的途徑,周邊人群、自身實踐及專家途徑對教育素質(zhì)影響一般�；谝陨辖Y(jié)論,建議(1)加快推進家庭教育政策法律體系建設(shè),充分發(fā)揮政府主導(dǎo)作用;(2)學(xué)校應(yīng)為家長教育素質(zhì)發(fā)展提供針對性支持;(3)家長應(yīng)積極主動學(xué)習(xí)來提高自身的教育素質(zhì);(4)加強宣傳引導(dǎo),積極發(fā)揮大眾傳媒作用。
[Abstract]:Education starts with the family, the family is the first school of the child, and the parent is the first teacher of the child. The parents dominate the process of family education and determine the success or failure of family education. The effective and smooth implementation of family education depends to a great extent on the quality of the parents' education. In recent years, the experts and scholars have not reached a consensus on the connotation and structure of the quality of the parents' education, and the lack of tools to measure and evaluate the quality of the parents' education. What aspects of the quality of the parents' education, how to carry out the quantitative assessment, how to develop the status and the main factors that affect the development of the parents, these problems deserve our deep discussion. Based on the domestic and foreign research, this study, through the analysis of the quality connotation, the philosophy of the philosopher's education, the structure of the teacher's quality and the education quality of the parents in the modern family education theory and practice, combines the task and the characteristics of the family education in the primary stage. The theoretical model of the primary school's parents' education quality is constructed. According to the conception of the theoretical model, the questionnaire on the quality of parents' education of primary school students was prepared, and 218 parents were taken for the first time. The standardized process of the questionnaire, such as the project analysis, the exploratory factor analysis, the confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability and validity test, was carried out on the preliminary test results, and the non-standard items were deleted, and the questionnaire was revised in combination with the opinions of the relevant experts and the parents of the primary school students. Finally, a formal questionnaire to investigate the quality of parents' education in primary school children was formed. In this paper,860 primary school students were selected as the survey tool, and 20 parents and 10 head teachers were interviewed, and the current status of each dimension and the development way of the parents' education quality of the primary school students was described. Five types of parents' education quality were divided and their characteristics were summarized. The paper, taking the grade segment as the time axis, depicts the development status curve of the primary school students' parents' education quality, and analyzes the cause of the cause, and probes into the influence of the development of the school, the media, the surrounding people, the experts and the self-practice on the development of the parents' education quality of the primary school students. Through the analysis and analysis of the research results, the following five conclusions are finally formed in this study: (1) The quality of the primary school's parents' education is composed of the educational concept, the education knowledge and the educational ability. Under the influence of the educational concept, the educational ability is based on the education knowledge. In that course of educational knowledge development, the development of small-scale fluctuation. (2) The questionnaire for parents' education quality of primary school students has good faith and validity, and can be used as a measuring tool to investigate the current situation of the development of the parents' education quality of primary school students. (3) The overall quality of the parents' education in the primary school is in the passive adaptation state, and the quality structure is in an unbalanced state. The educational knowledge, especially the theoretical knowledge, is the key factor to restrict the development of the quality of the education. Nearly half of the parents of the passive adaptation type, the active adaptation type and the excellent innovation type belong to the passive adaptation type parent. (4) The children's development view, children's psychological knowledge and the ability to establish a good parent-child relationship are important factors that restrict the development of the primary school's parents' education quality. (5) The application of the educational quality development approach is generally at the general level, and the media approach has an important influence on the education quality of the primary school students' parents. Self-practice and expert approach have a general impact on the quality of education. Based on the above conclusions, it is suggested (1) to speed up the construction of the legal system of the family education policy and to give full play to the leading role of the government; (2) the school should provide the targeted support for the development of the parents' education quality; (3) the parents should take the initiative to study to improve their educational quality; (4) Strengthen the publicity and guidance and play a positive role in the mass media.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G78

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本文編號：2502098