本文選題：大班兒童 + 自我意識��； 參考：《華東師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：兒童的自我意識是兒童對自己以及自己與客觀世界的關(guān)系的認知。兒童的自我意識水平受到多種因素的影響。其中,家長作為兒童成長發(fā)展中的重要他人,對兒童的自我意識水平無疑有著重要的影響作用。家長的子女教育心理控制源是從心理控制源角度出發(fā),評定了父母對教育子女成功與失敗的看法。本研究采用文獻法、訪談法和問卷法等研究方法,對大班兒童的自我意識及其家長的子女教育心理控制源水平進行測查,并根據(jù)收集到的數(shù)據(jù)對兩者的關(guān)系進行分析,以期從家庭角度為提高大班兒童的自我意識水平提供更多的指導建議。本研究對上海市示范園、一級園和二級園共109名大班兒童進行了一對一的結(jié)構(gòu)化訪談,兒童的家長填寫了《家長子女教育心理控制源問卷》和家庭背景相關(guān)信息。研究結(jié)果顯示:(1)大班兒童自我意識水平在行為維度最高,在軀體外貌與屬性維度最低。除軀體外貌與屬性外,女孩的自我意識水平高于男孩,并在行為維度達到顯著性水平。示范園兒童在智力與學校情況維度的自我意識水平顯著低于一級園與二級園兒童。(2)在人口學變量中,不同排行的兒童焦慮維度的自我意識水平存在顯著差異。大孩得分高于獨生子女和二孩,即大孩更不容易感到焦慮。其余人口學變量對兒童自我意識不存在顯著影響。(3)家長子女教育心理控制源在父母對子女行為控制維度最為外控,在教育成效維度最為內(nèi)控。兒童性別影響父母對子女行為控制,男孩家長在該維度外控性顯著高于女孩家長。示范園兒童的家長整體控制源水平最為外控。(4)在人口學變量中,家長的性別、年齡、學歷、職業(yè)、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)以及兒童的主要照料者均對家長的子女教育心理控制源產(chǎn)生一定影響。(5)大班兒童自我意識與家長子女教育心理控制源整體上呈現(xiàn)顯著負相關(guān)關(guān)系,家長的外控性越高,兒童的自我意識水平越低;家長的內(nèi)控性越高,兒童的自我意識水平越高。根據(jù)上述的研究結(jié)果,本研究從家長的角度出發(fā),對提高兒童自我意識水平提出了相關(guān)的教養(yǎng)建議。
[Abstract]:Children's self-consciousness is the cognition of themselves and their relationship with the objective world. Children's level of self-consciousness is affected by many factors. Parents, as important others in the development of children, undoubtedly play an important role in children's self-awareness. The parents' educational locus of control for their children is from the point of view of the locus of control, and the parents' views on the success and failure of educating their children are evaluated. In this study, the self-awareness of large class children and their parents' educational locus of control were investigated by the methods of literature, interview and questionnaire, and the relationship between them was analyzed according to the collected data. In order to improve the self-awareness of large-class children from the family point of view to provide more guidance and advice. This study conducted one-to-one structured interviews with 109 large class children in Shanghai demonstration Garden, First-Class Garden and Second-Class Garden. Parents filled out the "Parent-Child Education locus of Control" questionnaire and family background information. The results showed that the self-awareness level of children in large class was the highest in the behavioral dimension and the lowest in the physical appearance and attribute dimension. In addition to physical appearance and attributes, the level of self-awareness of girls was higher than that of boys, and reached a significant level in behavioral dimension. The level of self-consciousness of children in the scale of intelligence and school conditions was significantly lower than that of children in the first and second class gardens. In demographic variables, there were significant differences in the self-awareness level of the anxiety dimensions of children in different ranks. Children score higher than only children and two children, that is, older children are less likely to feel anxious. Other demographic variables had no significant effect on children's self-awareness. (3) Parent-child educational psychological control was the most external control in parental behavior control dimension and the most internal control in educational effectiveness dimension. The gender of children affected the parents' control of children's behavior, and boys' parents were significantly higher than girls' parents in this dimension. In demographic variables, the parents' sex, age, educational background, occupation, etc. Family structure and children's main caregivers had a certain influence on parents' educational locus of control.) Self-awareness of large class children had a significant negative correlation with parents' educational locus of control, and parents' external control was higher. The lower the level of self-consciousness is, the higher the level of self-consciousness is. Based on the above results, this study puts forward some suggestions on how to improve children's self-awareness from the parents' point of view.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G78;B844.1

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