【摘要】：昭忠祠起源于明朝并在清朝興盛,它是為祭奠戰(zhàn)死將士建造的祭祀性建筑�；窜娪汕逭衫铠櫿抡心�,起源于長江流域的安徽廬州地區(qū)。從同治三年到光緒十八年,淮軍相繼在全國范圍內(nèi)建設(shè)近十座昭忠祠。昭忠祠除了祭祀和褒揚(yáng)戰(zhàn)死的將士,同時(shí)還具有增強(qiáng)軍事集團(tuán)內(nèi)部凝聚力和擴(kuò)大軍事影響等作用。在清朝嚴(yán)格的等級制度下,淮軍能夠在全國范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行淮軍昭忠祠的建設(shè)也是其地位和影響力的體現(xiàn)。在長江流域建有四座淮軍昭忠祠,分別位于江蘇無錫、湖北武漢、江蘇蘇州和安徽巢湖。它們分布相對集中、風(fēng)格特征相近,因此便于系統(tǒng)研究和分析其建筑特征。在研究方法上。首先,對文獻(xiàn)的查閱是對研究的準(zhǔn)備,包括對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的篩選與研讀,以此來拓展研究背景,為研究找到可靠參考和有力的支撐。其次,對現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)研是研究的基礎(chǔ),包括測繪、圖片采集、附近居民的采訪等。最后,對特征的分析是研究的目的,包括對建筑的信息特征進(jìn)行歸納整理,之后對特征共性和個(gè)性進(jìn)行分析和總結(jié)。由于該建筑類型具有制度傳承以及軍事背景的特性,因而對制度和歷史背景的了解是研究的開始。所以本文第一部分主要包括對淮軍、昭忠祠制度發(fā)展背景的研究。第二部分是本論文的核心部分,分部兩章對淮軍昭忠祠進(jìn)行研究。一章關(guān)于建筑現(xiàn)狀和規(guī)劃選址的研究,另一章是對建筑形制的研究。第三部分是論文的結(jié)論部分,本部分梳理與分析了長江流域淮軍昭忠祠的現(xiàn)狀與特征,并探討淮軍昭忠祠建筑發(fā)展的地域化與本土化發(fā)展。最后一部分是論文的展望,本部分結(jié)合全國范圍內(nèi)的淮軍昭忠祠建筑對其保護(hù)和再利用策略提出建議。從第一座淮軍昭忠祠的建造至今已經(jīng)一百五十年有余。它們的建設(shè)背景特殊,在動(dòng)蕩的晚晴時(shí)期,依托一脈相承的昭忠祠建造制度。它們的選址考究,講求傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)水理念,造就了地域化特征。它們的形制特色鮮明,承載著祭祀功能,形成了本土化風(fēng)貌�；窜娬阎异粼谥袊鴤鹘y(tǒng)古建筑中展示出其獨(dú)特的魅力,對其進(jìn)行研究不論是對歷史的認(rèn)知還是對古建筑的保護(hù)都有重要意義。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：全國昭忠祠分布及建造年代
[Abstract]:Zhaozhong Temple originated in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. It is a sacred building built to honor the dead soldiers. Huaijun was recruited by Li Hongzhang, sent by the Qing government, and originated in Luzhou area of Anhui Province in the Yangtze River Basin. From three years of Tongzhi to 18 years of Guang Xu, Huaijun built nearly ten Zhaozhong shrines all over the country. Zhaozhong Temple not only sacrificed and praised the soldiers who died in the war, but also played a role in strengthening the cohesion within the military group and expanding the military influence. Under the strict hierarchy of Qing Dynasty, Huaijun was able to carry out the construction of Zhaozhong Temple in Huaijun throughout the country, which was also the embodiment of its status and influence. There are four Zhaozhong shrines in the Yangtze River Basin, located in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, Wuhan, Hubei Province, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province and Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province. Their distribution is relatively concentrated and their style features are similar, so it is convenient to systematically study and analyze their architectural features. In terms of research methods. First of all, the reference to the literature is the preparation of the study, including the screening and reading of the relevant literature at home and abroad, in order to expand the research background and find reliable reference and strong support for the research. Secondly, the investigation of the current situation is the basis of the research, including surveying and mapping, picture collection, interviews of nearby residents and so on. Finally, the analysis of features is the purpose of the study, including the information features of architecture, and then the characteristics of commonness and personality are analyzed and summarized. Because the architectural type has the characteristics of institutional inheritance and military background, the understanding of institutional and historical background is the beginning of the study. Therefore, the first part of this paper mainly includes the research on the development background of Huaijun and Zhaozhong Temple system. The second part is the core part of this paper, the two chapters of Huaijun Zhaozhong Temple are studied. The first chapter is about the present situation of the building and the planning and site selection, and the other is the research on the shape of the building. The third part is the conclusion of the paper, this part combs and analyzes the present situation and characteristics of Huaijun Zhaozhong Temple in the Yangtze River Basin, and discusses the regionalization and localization of the architectural development of Huaijun Zhaozhong Temple. The last part is the prospect of the paper, this part combines the Huaijun Zhaozhong Temple building in the whole country to put forward some suggestions on its protection and reuse strategy. It has been more than 150 years since the construction of the first Zhaozhong Temple in Huaijun. Their construction background is special, in the turbulent late Qing period, relying on a succession of Zhaozhong Temple construction system. Their location research, emphasis on the traditional feng shui concept, created the characteristics of regionalization. Their distinctive features, bearing the function of sacrifice, formed a local style. Huaijun Zhaozhong Temple shows its unique charm in Chinese traditional ancient architecture, and it is of great significance to study it both in historical cognition and in the protection of ancient architecture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU251

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本文編號：2510214