【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境污染和能源危機(jī)的加劇,清潔能源的利用受到了越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注,太陽(yáng)能與住宅建筑的結(jié)合成為學(xué)者研究的重點(diǎn),其中以太陽(yáng)能為驅(qū)動(dòng)能源的太陽(yáng)能?chē)娚渲评湎到y(tǒng)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、可以利用低品位熱源等優(yōu)點(diǎn),其研究開(kāi)發(fā)具有重要的意義。然而,太陽(yáng)能?chē)娚渲评湎到y(tǒng)對(duì)太陽(yáng)輻射強(qiáng)度具有較強(qiáng)的依賴性,太陽(yáng)能輻射強(qiáng)度的周期波動(dòng)性勢(shì)必引起集熱系統(tǒng)集熱特性的變化,進(jìn)而影響噴射制冷系統(tǒng)的性能。為了進(jìn)一步提高太陽(yáng)能的利用率,本課題采用熱力計(jì)算和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的方法進(jìn)行了太陽(yáng)能熱源與噴射制冷系統(tǒng)性能的耦合關(guān)聯(lián)研究,主要工作如下:首先,基于熱力學(xué)基礎(chǔ),推導(dǎo)出太陽(yáng)能?chē)娚渲评湎到y(tǒng)各部件（火用）損失的計(jì)算公式,通過(guò)對(duì)不同太陽(yáng)輻射強(qiáng)度下,太陽(yáng)能?chē)娚渲评湎到y(tǒng)中各部件的（火用）損失進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:在整個(gè)系統(tǒng)中,集熱器的（火用）損失所占的比重最大,占系統(tǒng)總（火用）損的74%~79%,噴射器（火用）損占系統(tǒng)（火用）損的比例僅次于集熱器,占系統(tǒng)總（火用）損的10%左右,發(fā)生器（火用）損占系統(tǒng)總（火用）損的比例呈逐漸增大的趨勢(shì),從3.24%增加到10.96%,蒸發(fā)器、冷凝器、工質(zhì)泵這三個(gè)部件的（火用）損失占總（火用）損的比例均為1.5%左右,節(jié)流閥的（火用）損所占的比例最小,占整個(gè)系統(tǒng)（火用）損的0.4%左右。其次,搭建了太陽(yáng)能集熱測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)臺(tái),對(duì)集熱水箱水量、循環(huán)流量等參數(shù)對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能的影響進(jìn)行了分析,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)水箱水量為200L、400L、600L時(shí),循環(huán)流量分別為10L/min、13L/min、15L/min時(shí),水箱一天的水溫增幅最大;水箱溫度在一天的變化趨勢(shì)大致相同,呈逐漸上升趨勢(shì),水箱水量為200L時(shí)水溫上升幅度最大,最高溫度可達(dá)85℃左右,600L時(shí)水溫上升幅度最小;系統(tǒng)瞬時(shí)效率隨著時(shí)刻的推移在某一區(qū)間上下波動(dòng),其波動(dòng)的幅度與太陽(yáng)輻射值的波動(dòng)幅度相同,隨著循環(huán)流量的增加,系統(tǒng)瞬時(shí)效率均呈增加的趨勢(shì)。水箱水量為200L、400L、600L,循環(huán)流量分別為8L/min、13L/min、15L/min時(shí),系統(tǒng)的平均瞬時(shí)效率達(dá)到最大值,最大平均瞬時(shí)效率分別為60.1%、63.5%、74%;最后,結(jié)合上述實(shí)驗(yàn)研究和課題組前期建立的噴射制冷系統(tǒng)熱力學(xué)計(jì)算程序,對(duì)不同集熱參數(shù)下太陽(yáng)能?chē)娚渲评湎到y(tǒng)的COP和制冷量的變化進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明:在水箱水量為200L時(shí),循環(huán)流量為10L/min時(shí),系統(tǒng)COP達(dá)到最大值,最大值為0.37;水箱水量為400L時(shí),循環(huán)流量為13L/min時(shí),系統(tǒng)制冷量達(dá)到最大值,最大值為22MJ。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of environmental pollution and energy crisis, more and more attention has been paid to the utilization of clean energy. The combination of solar energy and residential buildings has become the focus of scholars' research. The solar jet refrigeration system driven by solar energy has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation and low grade heat source, so its research and development is of great significance. However, the solar jet refrigeration system has a strong dependence on the solar radiation intensity, and the periodic fluctuation of the solar radiation intensity is bound to cause the change of the heat collection characteristics of the heat collection system, and then affect the performance of the jet refrigeration system. In order to further improve the utilization rate of solar energy, the coupling relationship between solar heat source and the performance of jet refrigeration system is studied by means of thermodynamic calculation and experimental research. The main work is as follows: first, based on thermodynamic basis, The calculation formula of exergy loss of each component of solar jet refrigeration system is derived. The exergy loss of each component of solar jet refrigeration system under different solar radiation intensity is analyzed. The results show that in the whole system, The exergy loss of the collector accounts for the largest proportion, accounting for 74% of the total exergy loss of the system, and the proportion of the exergy loss of the ejector (exergy) is second only to that of the collector, accounting for about 10% of the total exergy loss of the system. The proportion of generator (exergy) loss to the total exergy loss of the system is gradually increasing, from 3.24% to 10.96%, evaporator, condenser, The exergy loss of these three components of the working fluid pump accounts for about 1.5% of the total exergy loss, and the exergy loss of the throttle valve accounts for the smallest, accounting for about 0.4% of the exergy loss of the whole system. Secondly, a solar heat collecting test platform is set up, and the effects of water quantity and circulating flow rate of the heat collecting tank on the performance of the system are analyzed. the results show that when the water quantity of the tank is 200L, 400L and 600L, the circulating flow rate is 10L 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2490696