【摘要】：隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化與工業(yè)化進(jìn)程不斷加快,建設(shè)高效、快速與清潔的地下軌道交通已成為發(fā)展趨勢。地鐵車站作為地下軌道交通設(shè)施的重要組成部分,一旦遭遇地震荷載破壞,將直接威脅到廣大人們?nèi)罕姷纳拓?cái)產(chǎn)安全,而我國在地下結(jié)構(gòu)抗震方面的研究起步比較晚,至今沒有形成完整、有效的理論體系。因此本文主要探究地鐵車站結(jié)構(gòu)的地震響應(yīng),并對車站結(jié)構(gòu)的影響因素、減震措施進(jìn)行分析,對今后地下結(jié)構(gòu)的研究提供寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文依托鄭州地鐵雪松路站為具體工程實(shí)例,考慮材料非線性、接觸非線性、阻尼及重力等因素,應(yīng)用有限元軟件ANSYS分別建立了三維土體—地鐵車站體系、地上建筑—土體—地鐵車站體系、土體—減震層—地鐵車站體系相互作用的數(shù)值計(jì)算模型,并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)分析。本文首先對土—車站結(jié)構(gòu)體系進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,研究結(jié)構(gòu)自身的震動(dòng)情況;其次分析在不同方向地震動(dòng)輸入作用下的地震反應(yīng);最后分析了車站主體結(jié)構(gòu)、土體材料彈性模量變化以及地上原有建筑對地下結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性的影響。研究總結(jié)地鐵車站在地震作用下的規(guī)律后,提出在地下結(jié)構(gòu)與巖土體之間設(shè)置減震層進(jìn)行減震分析,研究不同材料與不同厚度減震層作用下的減震效果。本文主要的研究成果如下:(1)車站結(jié)構(gòu)的反應(yīng)主要受到周圍場地土的變形控制;水平地震荷載在地下結(jié)構(gòu)地震響應(yīng)中起主導(dǎo)作用,耦合豎向地震后,結(jié)構(gòu)的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)都大于單向地震荷載下的指標(biāo);在同一高度處,中柱的應(yīng)力大于側(cè)墻和板等部位;各構(gòu)件相交處的應(yīng)力大于側(cè)墻、柱及板的跨中部位,在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)加強(qiáng)這些薄弱環(huán)節(jié);地震波在傳遞過程中,都對輸入的基巖加速度幅值進(jìn)行了放大。(2)提高主體結(jié)構(gòu)材料的彈性模量增強(qiáng)了車站結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能,但各構(gòu)件的位移和應(yīng)力都增大,既不經(jīng)濟(jì)也沒有起到減震的效果;提高周圍土體材料的彈性模量,各構(gòu)件的位移和應(yīng)力都明顯減小,起到了減震的效果,但在實(shí)際工程中實(shí)行起來比較困難。(3)地上有建筑物存在時(shí)地鐵車站最大位移幾乎沒變,但相對位移增大;結(jié)構(gòu)整體的應(yīng)力增大且整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體系將不再對稱,左右兩側(cè)的應(yīng)力不同,有建筑物一側(cè)的應(yīng)力大。(4)減震層能夠吸收和分散土體傳遞給結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力,對于不同的減震材料,彈模越小減震效果愈加明顯,達(dá)到位移和應(yīng)力峰值的時(shí)間不斷向后推遲;在不同厚度減震材料下,隨著減震層厚度的增加,減震效果越明顯,在實(shí)際工程中應(yīng)考慮各種因素來確定合理的減震層厚度。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the process of urbanization and industrialization in China, the construction of high-efficiency, rapid and clean underground rail transit has become a developing trend. The subway station, as an important part of the underground rail transit facilities, will directly threaten the lives and property safety of the masses once the earthquake load is damaged, and the research on the earthquake resistance of the underground structure of our country is very late, so far, Effective theoretical system. Therefore, the paper mainly probes into the seismic response of the subway station structure, and analyzes the influence factors and the shock absorption measures of the station structure, and provides valuable experience for the research of the underground structure in the future. In this paper, based on the example of the concrete project of Zhengzhou Metro Xuesong Road Station, considering the factors such as material nonlinearity, contact nonlinearity, damping and gravity, the three-dimensional soil and subway station system is established by using the finite element software ANSYS. The numerical calculation model of the interaction between the soil body and the damping layer and the subway station system is calculated and the corresponding dynamic response analysis is carried out. In this paper, the modal analysis of the structure system of the earth-fired station is carried out firstly, the vibration of the structure itself is studied, the seismic response under the action of the vibration input in different directions is analyzed, and the structure of the main body of the station is analyzed. The change of the elastic modulus of the soil and the effect of the original building on the earthquake resistance of the underground structure. After the study of the law of the subway station under the action of earthquake, it is proposed to set the shock-absorbing layer between the underground structure and the rock-soil body to carry out the shock-absorbing analysis to study the shock-absorbing effect of different materials and different thickness-absorbing layers. The main research results are as follows: (1) The reaction of the station structure is mainly controlled by the deformation of the surrounding field soil; the horizontal seismic load plays a leading role in the seismic response of the underground structure, and after the vertical earthquake is coupled, the indexes of the structure are larger than that of the one-way seismic load; In the same height, the stress of the center pillar is larger than that of the side wall and the plate; the stress at the intersection of the components is larger than that of the side wall, the column and the plate, and the weak links shall be strengthened in the structural design; and the amplitude of the input bedrock acceleration is amplified in the transmission process of the seismic wave. (2) the elastic modulus of the material of the main body is improved, the anti-seismic performance of the station structure is enhanced, the displacement and the stress of each component are increased, It has the effect of shock absorption, but it is difficult to implement in the actual project. (3) The maximum displacement of the metro station is almost unchanged when there is a building on the ground, but the relative displacement is increased; the stress of the whole structure is increased and the whole structure system will no longer be symmetrical, the stress on the left and right sides is different, and the stress on one side of the building is large. and (4) the shock-absorbing layer can absorb and disperse the stress transmitted by the soil body to the structure, The more obvious the effect of the shock-absorbing effect, various factors should be taken into account in the actual project to determine the reasonable thickness of the shock-absorbing layer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U231.4;TU93

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