【摘要】：隨著全球老齡人口的“爆炸式”增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)人口老齡化的進(jìn)程呈現(xiàn)也是日益加快。根據(jù)我國(guó)國(guó)情,居家養(yǎng)老是我國(guó)養(yǎng)老模式的主流,而且居家養(yǎng)老的老年人大部分時(shí)間都在住區(qū)公共環(huán)境中進(jìn)行社會(huì)交往等活動(dòng),老年人自然成為了使用住區(qū)公共空間最頻繁的人群。由于我國(guó)早期開發(fā)建設(shè)的一大批住宅小區(qū)中大部分的公共空間設(shè)施、環(huán)境已不能滿足如今的社會(huì)發(fā)展需求,且當(dāng)時(shí)住區(qū)公共空間的設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)老年人在其中的使用考慮很少,因此早期住區(qū)公共空間的適老化改造是我國(guó)步入老齡化社會(huì)所面臨的諸多問題中非常重要的一部分,將其作為研究對(duì)象具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。深圳是一個(gè)高速發(fā)展的超大新型城市,其老年人數(shù)量的迅猛增長(zhǎng)以及對(duì)生活品質(zhì)要求越來越高,導(dǎo)致大部分深圳早期住宅區(qū)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有公共空間的規(guī)模、環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀和相關(guān)設(shè)施難以滿足老年人日益多樣化的使用需求。本文以深圳早期住區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,在深圳市80年代末至90年代初這個(gè)時(shí)期的住宅區(qū)中選擇5個(gè)典型具有代表性的住區(qū)公共空間,主要包括以下內(nèi)容:通過實(shí)地調(diào)研考察、訪談老人和結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)研究,分析所調(diào)研的住區(qū)公共空間的現(xiàn)狀特點(diǎn)及不足,總結(jié)深圳早期住區(qū)公共空間的總體特征。其中選擇園嶺新村中的公共空間為重點(diǎn)研究對(duì)象,通過對(duì)園嶺新村內(nèi)老年人問卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果分析住宅中老年人在公共空間中的活動(dòng)類型、時(shí)間特征、頻率、空間分布特征和出行方式及距離,總結(jié)老年人在住區(qū)公共空間的身體健康、環(huán)境設(shè)施和精神文化類的需求以及老年人對(duì)住區(qū)公共空間及設(shè)施的使用評(píng)價(jià)。本文提出構(gòu)建微型適老化設(shè)施的適老化改造策略,根據(jù)老年人的各類需求選擇功能適合的微型適老化設(shè)施,合理布局在住區(qū)公共空間中,然后選擇園嶺新村的棋院公園進(jìn)行示范性公共空間適老化改造。最后針對(duì)住宅區(qū)不同級(jí)別的活動(dòng)空間現(xiàn)狀及老年人需求,從宅域、組團(tuán)、社區(qū)三個(gè)級(jí)別的公共空間提出了適老化改造策略。希望本文研究?jī)?nèi)容對(duì)我國(guó)同類型的早期住區(qū)公共空間適老化改造發(fā)揮一定的參考作用,改善老年人的晚年生活環(huán)境和提升住宅區(qū)居住整體品質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:With the increase of the "explosion" of the world's aging population, the process of the aging of our country is also increasing. According to the situation of our country, home-based care is the main part of the old-age mode in our country, and most of the old people in the home are in the public environment for social interaction, and the old people naturally become the most frequent people in the public space for the use of human settlements. Because of the large number of public space facilities in a large number of residential quarters for the early development and construction of our country, the environment has not been able to meet the social development needs of the present day, and the design of the public space of the time is very small for the use of the old people in the residential area, Therefore, the adaptation of the public space of the early settlements is a very important part of our country's entry into the ageing society, and it is of great practical significance as a research object. Shenzhen is a large-scale new city with high-speed development, the rapid increase of the number of elderly people and the higher demand for quality of life, resulting in the scale of the existing public space in most of the early residential areas in Shenzhen, The current situation of the environment and the associated facilities are difficult to meet the ever-increasing needs of the elderly. This paper, based on the early residential area of Shenzhen, selects five typical residential public spaces in the residential area of the period from the late 1980s to the early 1990s, mainly including the following: through the field investigation, the interview of the old people and the literature research, The paper analyzes the present characteristics and shortcomings of the public space of the residential area, and summarizes the general characteristics of the public space in the early residential area in Shenzhen. The paper selects the public space in the new village of Yuanling as the key research object, and analyzes the activity type, the time characteristic, the frequency, the spatial distribution characteristic and the travel mode and the distance in the public space of the middle-aged and the middle-aged and the middle-aged and the middle-aged and the elderly through the results of the questionnaire survey of the old people in the new village of Yuanling. To sum up the physical health, environmental facilities and spiritual and cultural needs of the elderly in the public space of human settlements, as well as the use and evaluation of the public space and facilities of the elderly. In this paper, the adaptive aging strategy of micro-adaptive aging facilities is put forward. According to the needs of the old people, the appropriate micro-adaptive aging facilities are selected, the reasonable layout is in the public space of the settlements, and then an exemplary public space adaptive aging modification is carried out in the Chess Court Park of the New Village of the Yuanling. Finally, aiming at the present situation of the living space and the demand of the old people at different levels in the residential area, the adaptive aging strategy is put forward from the three levels of public space of the homestead, the group and the community. It is hoped that this paper will give some reference to the transformation of the public space of the common space of the same type in our country, to improve the life environment of the old people and to improve the overall quality of the residential area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.12

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