【摘要】：許多商場(chǎng)在冬季會(huì)出現(xiàn)室內(nèi)溫度上高下低的現(xiàn)象,特別是在帶有巨大中庭的商場(chǎng)建筑中,由于中庭的煙囪效應(yīng),氣流在熱浮升力的影響下逐漸向頂層聚集,從而出現(xiàn)商場(chǎng)內(nèi)上高下低的溫度分層現(xiàn)象。不均勻的室內(nèi)溫度會(huì)給人們帶來(lái)強(qiáng)烈的不舒適感,這不僅會(huì)影響消費(fèi)者的購(gòu)物欲望,更造成了極大的能源浪費(fèi)。但由于相關(guān)規(guī)范及理論的不完善,導(dǎo)致該問(wèn)題一直沒(méi)有得到很好地解決。本文以西安市某商場(chǎng)為研究對(duì)象,在冬季對(duì)商場(chǎng)內(nèi)溫度、人員以及燈光照度等進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,發(fā)現(xiàn)該商場(chǎng)內(nèi)上層溫度明顯偏高,且存在嚴(yán)重的溫度分層現(xiàn)象。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,利用EnergyPlus軟件,根據(jù)現(xiàn)有建筑的基本情況進(jìn)行建模,根據(jù)所得實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算出實(shí)際工況下的每層熱負(fù)荷值,并與設(shè)計(jì)工況下的每層熱負(fù)荷值進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,得到該建筑熱負(fù)荷變化的一般規(guī)律,經(jīng)過(guò)進(jìn)一步的理論計(jì)算與分析,總結(jié)歸納出該建筑的負(fù)荷遷移系數(shù)Ki。負(fù)荷遷移系數(shù)Ki的提出,在一定程度上反映出了冬季商場(chǎng)內(nèi)負(fù)荷分布情況,可以利用負(fù)荷遷移系數(shù)Ki,提出解決冬季商場(chǎng)熱分層的具體方案。在解決熱分層的各種措施中,論文選擇了改變送風(fēng)量與排風(fēng)量發(fā)熱兩種措施,并利用CFD軟件進(jìn)行模擬驗(yàn)證,即改變送風(fēng)量與排風(fēng)量。通過(guò)對(duì)比建筑模型的溫度場(chǎng)與速度場(chǎng),發(fā)現(xiàn)在變送風(fēng)模型與變排風(fēng)模型中,室內(nèi)溫度分布均比原始模型均勻,溫度梯度明顯降低,在變送風(fēng)模型中,溫度梯度比原始模型下降了0.8℃左右,在變排風(fēng)模型中,溫度梯度比原始模型下降了0.4℃左右,兩種模型均對(duì)室內(nèi)溫度分層現(xiàn)象有一定的改善效果,證明可以利用負(fù)荷遷移系數(shù)Ki來(lái)調(diào)整空調(diào)方案,進(jìn)行室內(nèi)溫度的調(diào)節(jié)。
[Abstract]:In many shopping malls, indoor temperatures tend to be high and low in winter, especially in market buildings with large atriums. Due to the chimney effect in the atrium, airflow gradually accumulates to the top floor under the influence of hot floating lift. As a result, the appearance of high and low temperature stratification phenomenon in the market. Uneven indoor temperature will bring people a strong sense of discomfort, which will not only affect the consumer's shopping desire, but also cause a great waste of energy. However, due to the imperfection of relevant norms and theories, the problem has not been solved well. This paper takes a shopping mall in Xi'an as the research object, and tests the temperature, personnel and light intensity of the shopping mall in winter. It is found that the upper layer temperature of the shopping mall is obviously high, and there is a serious phenomenon of temperature stratification. In view of the above problems, using EnergyPlus software, according to the basic conditions of the existing building to model, according to the measured data to calculate the actual operating conditions of each layer of heat load value, and the design of each layer of heat load value of the comparative analysis. The general law of thermal load variation of the building is obtained. Through further theoretical calculation and analysis, the load transfer coefficient Ki. of the building is summed up. The proposed load transfer coefficient (Ki) reflects the load distribution in the shopping malls in winter to some extent. The specific scheme to solve the thermal stratification in winter shopping malls can be put forward by using the load transfer coefficient Ki,. Among the measures to solve thermal stratification, the paper chooses two kinds of measures to change the quantity of air supply and the quantity of heat of exhaust air, and use CFD software to simulate and verify, that is, to change the quantity of air supply and quantity of exhaust air. By comparing the temperature field and velocity field of the building model, it is found that the indoor temperature distribution is more uniform and the temperature gradient is obviously lower than that of the original model in the transmission air model and the variable exhaust air model. The temperature gradient is about 0.8 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2408879