【摘要】：支重輪是液壓挖掘機履帶行走裝置的重要組成元件,其工作環(huán)境惡劣,承受載荷復(fù)雜,失效率較高,影響著挖掘機的工作安全和生產(chǎn)效率。本文結(jié)合校企合作項目“XE60CA液壓挖掘機履帶行走裝置性能分析及故障機理研究”,對液壓挖掘機履帶支重輪的密封失效問題進(jìn)行了數(shù)值分析和試驗研究。通過挖掘機整機試驗得到了支重輪在典型工況下的受力,并基于實測載荷對支重輪總成進(jìn)行了非線性有限元分析。設(shè)計并制造了支重輪測試試驗臺,通過試驗對支重輪的漏油原因及密封失效機理進(jìn)行了探討,并提出了改進(jìn)方案。在查閱國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了履帶行走裝置故障機理及浮動油封的研究現(xiàn)狀,歸納了目前對于履帶故障機理及浮動油封研究的主要方法。對液壓挖掘機履帶行走裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了介紹,并通過理論計算和虛擬樣機仿真相結(jié)合的方法對挖掘機履帶支重輪在典型行駛及挖掘工況下的受力進(jìn)行了分析。通過液壓挖掘機整機試驗,實測了挖掘機直行、轉(zhuǎn)向及挖掘等典型工況下的支重輪的實際受力情況。利用實測載荷對支重輪進(jìn)行了非線性有限元分析,得到了極限工況下支重輪總成各部分的應(yīng)力狀態(tài)。分析結(jié)果表明,支重輪自身的強度和剛度滿足設(shè)計要求,支重輪漏油并不是由于其自身強度剛度不足導(dǎo)致的。對支重輪的密封結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了介紹,并對其密封性能進(jìn)行了理論計算,對支重輪可能發(fā)生漏油的位置進(jìn)行了分析。設(shè)計并制造了支重輪測試試驗臺,利用該試驗臺對支重輪進(jìn)行了實際工況的模擬試驗,確定了支重輪的實際漏油位置及密封失效原因。在ABAQUS軟件中建立了浮封膠圈的有限元模型,并進(jìn)行了有限元分析,得到了浮封膠圈工作時的應(yīng)力及壓力狀態(tài)。為了減少支重輪漏油故障的發(fā)生,延長支重輪的使用壽命,針對支重輪密封失效原因,提出了相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)方案。本文通過試驗的方法實測了支重輪在典型工況下的實際受力情況,通過試驗與有限元分析相結(jié)合的方法對支重輪的漏油問題進(jìn)行了研究,并提出了改進(jìn)方案,為支重輪及其密封組件的改進(jìn)設(shè)計及優(yōu)化提供了參考。
[Abstract]:The supporting wheel is an important component of the crawler walking device of the hydraulic excavator. The working environment is bad, the load is complex and the failure rate is high, which affects the working safety and production efficiency of the excavator. In this paper, combined with the project of school and enterprise cooperation, "performance analysis and fault mechanism study of XE60CA hydraulic excavator caterpillar walking device", the sealing failure of crawler supporting heavy wheel of hydraulic excavator is numerically analyzed and tested. Based on the test of excavator, the force of supporting wheel under typical working condition is obtained, and the nonlinear finite element analysis of the assembly is carried out based on the measured load. A test rig for supporting wheel is designed and manufactured. The reason of oil leakage and the failure mechanism of seal are discussed through the test, and the improvement scheme is put forward. On the basis of consulting relevant research documents at home and abroad, this paper expounds the fault mechanism of crawler walking device and the research status of floating oil seal, and summarizes the main research methods of track fault mechanism and floating oil seal at present. This paper introduces the structure of the crawler walking device of hydraulic excavator, and analyzes the force of the crawler support wheel of excavator under typical driving and excavation conditions by combining theoretical calculation with virtual prototype simulation. Through the whole machine test of hydraulic excavator, the actual force situation of support wheel under typical working conditions such as straight, steering and excavating of excavator is measured. The nonlinear finite element analysis of the supporting wheel is carried out by using the measured load, and the stress state of each part of the supporting wheel assembly is obtained under the limit condition. The results show that the strength and stiffness of the supporting wheel meet the design requirements, and the oil leakage is not caused by the insufficient strength and stiffness of the supporting wheel. The sealing structure of the supporting wheel is introduced, its sealing performance is calculated theoretically, and the possible oil leakage position of the supporting wheel is analyzed. The test rig for supporting wheel is designed and manufactured. The actual leakage location and sealing failure reason of the supporting wheel are determined by using the test bench to simulate the actual working conditions of the supporting wheel. The finite element model of floating seal was established in ABAQUS software, and the stress and pressure state of floating seal was obtained by finite element analysis. In order to reduce the oil leakage fault and prolong the service life of the supporting wheel, the corresponding improvement scheme is put forward in view of the failure reason of the supporting wheel seal. In this paper, the actual force of the supporting wheel under typical working conditions is measured by the method of test, and the problem of oil leakage of the supporting wheel is studied by means of the combination of test and finite element analysis, and the improvement scheme is put forward. It provides a reference for the improved design and optimization of the supporting wheel and its sealing components.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU621

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本文編號：2388186