【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,超高層建筑正進(jìn)入一個(gè)蓬勃發(fā)展的新時(shí)期。伴隨著超高層建筑高度的不斷增加,結(jié)構(gòu)本身將變得更柔,對(duì)風(fēng)荷載也更加敏感。因此,如何有效降低超高層建筑所受到的風(fēng)荷載進(jìn)而減小結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)致振動(dòng)響應(yīng)對(duì)于超高層建筑的抗風(fēng)設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大。采用主動(dòng)吸氣控制的方法可以有效降低超高層建筑的風(fēng)荷載,改善結(jié)構(gòu)的抗風(fēng)性能。關(guān)于吸氣控制,前人的研究主要關(guān)注的是吸氣控制效果以及各控制參數(shù)的影響,而對(duì)吸氣控制機(jī)理的探討還不夠深入。此外,現(xiàn)有的研究主要針對(duì)有限長(zhǎng)模型進(jìn)行吸氣控制,由于邊界層來(lái)流的非均勻性、鈍體繞流的三維流效應(yīng)、以及吸氣孔布置的空間不均勻性等多種因素的存在,將導(dǎo)致吸氣控制的影響因素眾多,吸氣控制機(jī)理十分復(fù)雜。因此,為深入探討鈍體繞流場(chǎng)及氣動(dòng)力的吸氣控制機(jī)理,應(yīng)針對(duì)二維模型進(jìn)行精細(xì)化研究。本文基于PIV技術(shù)對(duì)3類(lèi)截面形式鈍體模型的吸氣控制機(jī)理進(jìn)行了深入分析,并通過(guò)與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的比較,驗(yàn)證了CFD數(shù)值模擬方法的準(zhǔn)確性。所進(jìn)行的主要工作如下:1、對(duì)已有的模型內(nèi)部吸氣管道進(jìn)行了改良,以實(shí)現(xiàn)更為均勻的吸氣控制。設(shè)計(jì)了3類(lèi)截面形式(方形、圓形和橢圓形)共8個(gè)鈍體試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ图捌滹L(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)方案。此外,基于大渦模擬(LES)方法建立了圓形截面鈍體模型吸氣控制的CFD數(shù)值模擬方法,并對(duì)該方法進(jìn)行了網(wǎng)格相關(guān)性檢驗(yàn)與實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。2、完成了3類(lèi)截面形式鈍體模型的二維測(cè)壓試驗(yàn)與PIV試驗(yàn),研究了吸氣孔位置與吸氣流量系數(shù)Cq對(duì)模型表面風(fēng)壓分布、整體氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)以及周?chē)鲌?chǎng)特性的影響,并基于PIV試驗(yàn)所給出的流場(chǎng)可視化結(jié)果對(duì)吸氣控制機(jī)理進(jìn)行了深入分析。3、對(duì)風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)中圓形截面鈍體模型的典型工況進(jìn)行了準(zhǔn)二維CFD數(shù)值模擬,并將數(shù)值結(jié)果與風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。然后基于此方法從模型表面壓力分布、整體氣動(dòng)力系數(shù)以及周?chē)鲌?chǎng)特性三個(gè)方面研究了吸氣流量系數(shù)Cq與吸氣孔寬度d對(duì)吸氣控制效果的影響。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social economy, super-high-rise buildings are entering a new period of vigorous development. With the increasing height of super-tall buildings, the structure itself will become softer and more sensitive to wind load. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the wind load on super-tall buildings and then reduce the wind-induced vibration response of structures is of great significance to the anti-wind design of super-high-rise buildings. The method of active inspiratory control can effectively reduce the wind load of super tall buildings and improve the wind resistance of the structures. As for inspiratory control, previous researches mainly focus on the effect of inspiratory control and the influence of control parameters, but the mechanism of inspiratory control is not sufficiently discussed. In addition, the existing studies mainly focus on the finite length model of inspiratory control, due to the inhomogeneity of the boundary layer flow, the three-dimensional flow effect around the blunt body, and the spatial inhomogeneity of the air suction hole arrangement, and so on. The inspiratory control mechanism is very complicated. Therefore, in order to study the suction control mechanism of the flow field and aerodynamic force around the blunt body, the two-dimensional model should be studied in detail. In this paper, the inspiratory control mechanism of three types of blunt body models with cross-section is deeply analyzed based on PIV technique, and the accuracy of CFD numerical simulation method is verified by comparing with the experimental results. The main work is as follows: 1. The existing model internal suction pipe is improved to achieve a more uniform inspiratory control. Eight blunt body test models and their wind tunnel test schemes were designed for three types of sections (square, circular and elliptical). In addition, based on the large eddy simulation (LES) method, the CFD numerical simulation method for inspiratory control of the obtuse body model with circular section is established, and the mesh correlation test and experimental verification are carried out. 2. Two-dimensional pressure measurement and PIV tests of three types of blunt body models with cross section have been completed. The effects of suction hole location and suction flow coefficient (Cq) on the wind pressure distribution on the surface of the model, the overall aerodynamic coefficient and the flow field characteristics around the model have been studied. Based on the visualization results of the flow field obtained from the PIV test, the suction control mechanism is deeply analyzed. 3. The quasi-two-dimensional CFD numerical simulation of the typical working conditions of the obtuse body model with circular section in the wind tunnel test is carried out. The numerical results are compared with the results of wind tunnel test. Based on this method, the effects of suction flow coefficient (Cq) and suction hole width (d) on suction control effect are studied from three aspects: surface pressure distribution, global aerodynamic coefficient and flow field characteristics around the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU973.213

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