【摘要】：侗族是我國南方一個(gè)歷史悠久的少數(shù)民族,其優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)建筑文化,早已聞名遐邇。侗族木構(gòu)建筑營造技藝是我國西南地區(qū)最出色的民族民間傳統(tǒng)文化代表形式之一。它以手工生產(chǎn)方式為基礎(chǔ),體現(xiàn)了侗族工匠高超非凡的建筑工藝水平,以及造物技術(shù)思想、豐富的民族特性和精神寄托。尤其是作為侗族建筑藝術(shù)“三大瑰寶”之一的風(fēng)雨橋,是侗族建筑技術(shù)的重要代表性作品,“在歷史、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)三方面的價(jià)值都是兼?zhèn)涞?而且在民俗研究方面也有重要的價(jià)值”(1)。程陽八寨是三江侗族自治縣木構(gòu)建筑營造技藝傳承人最多,級(jí)別最高的村寨,尤以居住在程陽八寨的楊善仁一家為典型代表。楊善仁被中國古村落保護(hù)與發(fā)展專業(yè)委員會(huì)譽(yù)為“中國文化老人——民族傳統(tǒng)工藝營造大師”;其四兒子楊似玉入選國家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)侗族木構(gòu)建筑營造技藝項(xiàng)目代表性傳承人,中國工藝美術(shù)大師;其五兒子楊玉吉入選廣西自治區(qū)級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)代表性傳承人;其孫楊念康被授予“青年魯班”,廣西民間工藝美術(shù)大師。楊家工匠世代沿襲,技藝高超,被三江侗族自治縣政府授予“侗族木匠世家”稱號(hào),媒體譽(yù)其為“楊家匠”。本文將“楊家匠”及其風(fēng)雨橋的營造技藝作為研究對(duì)象,以實(shí)證敘事與動(dòng)態(tài)的思維方式探討侗族大木匠師的家業(yè)傳承,學(xué)獲技藝的途徑,以及營造技藝的智慧,更加豐富詮釋侗族傳統(tǒng)建筑文化遺產(chǎn)。全文分為六個(gè)部分:緒論部分主要介紹本文的研究背景、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究思路和研究方法。第一章論述程陽八寨的自然環(huán)境、人文社會(huì)環(huán)境,以及風(fēng)雨橋的分布、類型和構(gòu)成。第二章介紹楊家工匠的基本情況,包括:家業(yè)傳承、技藝學(xué)獲、營造經(jīng)驗(yàn)及所取得成就。第三章概括風(fēng)雨橋的整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng),并用案例講解廊橋構(gòu)架的設(shè)計(jì)過程。第四章仍以案例作為對(duì)象,詳細(xì)敘述在實(shí)際營造中,匠師是如何把圖面上的設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)換為具體的施工操作。第五章對(duì)楊家匠營造廊橋的審美取向進(jìn)行總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Dong is a long history minority in the south of China, its outstanding traditional architectural culture, has long been famous. The construction skill of Dong woodstructure architecture is one of the most outstanding national traditional culture representative forms in Southwest China. It is based on the handmade production mode, which embodies the outstanding level of architectural craftsmanship of Dong artisans, as well as creational technical thoughts, rich national characteristics and spiritual sustenance. In particular, as one of the "three gems" of architectural art of Dong nationality, Rain Bridge is an important representative work of architectural technology of Dong nationality. And in the study of folklore also has important value "(1). Chengyang Bazhai is the village of Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County, which inherits most of the wooden construction skills and has the highest level, especially the Yang Shanren family living in Chengyang Bazhai. Yang Shanren was praised as "the old man of Chinese culture-the master of national traditional craftsmanship" by the professional committee of protection and development of ancient villages in China. Yang Xiyu, his fourth son, was selected as the representative inheritor of the Dong woodwork construction project, the master of Chinese arts and crafts, and his fifth son, Yang Yuji, was selected as the representative inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of Guangxi Autonomous region. Its Sun Yang Nian Kang was awarded "Youth Lu Ban", Guangxi folk arts and crafts master. The craftsmen of the Yang family have been awarded the title of "Dong Carpenter's Family" by the Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County Government, and the media is known as the "Yang Family Carpenter". In this paper, the author takes the construction technique of Yang Jia's Carpenter and his wind and rain bridge as the research object, and discusses the inheritance of the family property of the big carpenter teacher of Dong nationality, the way to acquire the skill, and the wisdom of the construction skill with the method of positive narration and dynamic thinking. More rich interpretation of the Dong traditional architectural cultural heritage. The paper is divided into six parts: the introduction mainly introduces the research background, research status, research ideas and research methods. The first chapter discusses the natural environment, humanities and social environment, and the distribution, types and composition of wind and rain bridge. The second chapter introduces the basic situation of the Yang family craftsmen, including: inheritance, skill acquisition, construction experience and achievements. The third chapter summarizes the whole design system of wind and rain bridge, and explains the design process of the bridge frame with a case. The fourth chapter still takes the case as the object, narrates in detail in the actual construction, how the craftsman transforms the design on the drawing surface into the concrete construction operation. The fifth chapter summarizes the aesthetic orientation of Yang's bridge.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU-86

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本文編號(hào)：2360579