【摘要】：隨著建筑業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,工程項目的建設規(guī)模和管理復雜性不斷增加,多項目并行開始成為許多建筑工程項目的常態(tài),多項目并行的施工管理中,由于施工現(xiàn)場資源的供應的總量有限,不同的子項目內(nèi)的任務活動之間容易出現(xiàn)對某一種或多種資源的“爭奪”,進而引發(fā)資源沖突,導致項目工期拖延,管理成本增加。關鍵鏈法是近些年來研究較多的一種新的項目管理技術,已經(jīng)在國外許多企業(yè)項目管理實踐中得到有效運用,對解決項目資源沖入、降低管理成本,縮短工期等目標實現(xiàn)具有重要指導意義。因此,研究如何使用關鍵鏈技術改進并行多項工程的管理情況,從而實現(xiàn)多種資源的有效配置,減少施工成本,提高管理效益,是一個非常有實際價值的研究方向。針對以上問題,本文吸收了國內(nèi)外在關鍵鏈以及資源均衡的最新的研究成果,在深入分析各種調(diào)度方法的基礎上,本文針對關鍵鏈多項目管理存在的二次調(diào)度困境,從魯棒優(yōu)化的角度提出一種啟發(fā)式的協(xié)調(diào)策略進行調(diào)度,并采用緩沖動態(tài)消耗指標度量二次調(diào)度下多項目關鍵鏈的魯棒性大小,對多項目關鍵鏈的識別方法進行了一定的改進;在此基礎上,本文建立了工期最短—魯棒性最大雙目標模型,對多項目關鍵鏈進行識別;考慮到雙目標因素,本文采用了非支配性排序多目標遺傳進化算法NSGA-II進行模型的求解;為了進一步驗證,本文采用算例驗證了本文模型及算法有效性及可行性。在多項目關鍵鏈的基礎上,本文進一步探討了基于關鍵鏈的多項目多資源均衡方法,分析了多項目多資源均衡優(yōu)化過程中存在的特殊情況,進一步發(fā)現(xiàn)多項目多資源均衡優(yōu)化與單項目資源均衡具有明顯區(qū)別,資源均衡優(yōu)化模型不能簡單采用單項目資源均衡模型的“累加”,多項目資源均衡優(yōu)化需要同時考慮多項目“整體”資源均衡與子項目“部分”資源均衡;在此基礎上,本文從多項目整體資源均衡與子項目資源均衡兩個角度出發(fā),結合資源均衡的新指標—資源熵,改進了多項目多資源均衡優(yōu)化方法,建立了基于關鍵鏈的多項目多資源均衡優(yōu)化模型,并且采用了遺傳算法進行求解;為了驗證模型的有效性,本文采用算例進行驗證,結果證明該模型及算法能夠有效改善多項目多資源的使用情況。為將本文的多項目關鍵鏈識別法以及多項目多資源均衡優(yōu)化方法從理論層面推向應用層面,本文將基于二次調(diào)度問題分析的關鍵鏈識別以及多項目多資源均衡優(yōu)化方法應用于船廠建設工程多項目施工管理計劃實踐中,通過對多項目下關鍵鏈的識別以及資源均衡優(yōu)化,驗證了本文目標模型的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the construction industry, the construction scale and management complexity of the engineering projects are increasing, and the multi-project parallel has become the norm of many construction projects, and the multi-project concurrent construction management. Due to the limited supply of construction site resources, it is easy to compete for one or more resources among the task activities in different subprojects, which leads to the conflict of resources, which leads to the delay of project construction period and the increase of management cost. Key chain method is a new project management technology which has been studied in recent years. It has been used effectively in the project management practice of many foreign enterprises, which can solve the problem of project resources and reduce the cost of project management. It is of great significance to achieve the goal of shortening the duration of the project. Therefore, it is a very valuable research direction to study how to use key chain technology to improve the management of multiple concurrent projects, so as to realize the effective allocation of many kinds of resources, reduce the construction cost and improve the management efficiency. In view of the above problems, this paper absorbs the latest research results of critical chain and resource balance at home and abroad. On the basis of in-depth analysis of various scheduling methods, this paper aims at the secondary scheduling dilemma of key chain multi-project management. This paper proposes a heuristic coordination strategy for scheduling from the point of view of robust optimization, and uses dynamic consumption index to measure the robustness of multi-project key chains under secondary scheduling, and improves the method of identifying multi-project key chains. On this basis, this paper establishes the shortest-robust maximum double objective model of time limit, identifies the key chain of multi-items, and takes into account the double-objective factors, adopts the non-dominating sorting multi-objective genetic evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II to solve the model In order to further verify, the effectiveness and feasibility of the model and algorithm are verified by an example. On the basis of multi-project key chain, this paper further discusses the method of multi-project multi-resource equilibrium based on key chain, and analyzes the special situation in the process of multi-project multi-resource equilibrium optimization. It is further found that the multi-project multi-resource equilibrium optimization is obviously different from the single-project resource equilibrium, and the resource equilibrium optimization model cannot simply adopt the "accumulation" of the single project resource equilibrium model. Multi-project resource balance optimization needs to consider multi-project "overall" resource balance and sub-project "partial" resource balance at the same time, on this basis, this paper starts from two angles of multi-project overall resource balance and sub-project resource balance. Combined with the resource entropy, a multi-item and multi-resource equilibrium optimization model based on key chain is established, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. In order to verify the validity of the model, a numerical example is used to verify the effectiveness of the model. The results show that the model and the algorithm can effectively improve the use of multi-project and multi-resource. In order to push the multi-project key chain identification method and the multi-project multi-resource equilibrium optimization method from the theoretical level to the application level, In this paper, the key chain identification based on the analysis of the secondary scheduling problem and the method of multi-project and multi-resource equilibrium optimization are applied to the practice of multi-project construction management plan of shipyard construction project. Through the identification of the key chain and the optimization of the resource balance under the multi-project condition, the key chain is identified and optimized. The validity and feasibility of the target model are verified.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU71

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