住宅建筑新風(fēng)處理方案及其優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-28 16:58
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程的加快和經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,室外空氣質(zhì)量明顯呈現(xiàn)出下降的趨勢(shì),在特定季節(jié),霧霾已成為一種很普遍的現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重威脅著人們的健康。室外空氣污染狀況持續(xù)加重,住宅建筑內(nèi)部空氣狀況也不容樂觀,傳統(tǒng)自然通風(fēng)已不能滿足人們對(duì)高品質(zhì)居住環(huán)境的要求。由此,住宅新風(fēng)機(jī)逐漸走入人們的視野,它不僅能稀釋室內(nèi)污染物濃度,還能增加室內(nèi)含氧量,減少“病態(tài)建筑綜合癥”的發(fā)生。本文基于健康和節(jié)能兩方面原則,針對(duì)某研發(fā)階段的住宅新風(fēng)機(jī)的新風(fēng)處理方案,采用數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。本文利用Airpak軟件對(duì)所研究的某典型住宅建筑在新風(fēng)機(jī)60m3/h、120m3/h、180m3/h和240m3/h四種送風(fēng)量作用下室內(nèi)的流場(chǎng)、空氣齡、二氧化碳濃度以及PMV-PPD分布進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬;設(shè)計(jì)一種雙閥門控制的新風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu),利用計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)(CFD)方法確定閥門安裝位置,并模擬閥門開度和送風(fēng)量大小對(duì)回風(fēng)量的影響;搭建新風(fēng)機(jī)試驗(yàn)臺(tái),測(cè)試送風(fēng)風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)量、排風(fēng)風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)量與電源電壓的關(guān)系,測(cè)試不同閥門開度、不同送風(fēng)量作用下回風(fēng)閥的回風(fēng)量,完成該住宅新風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)循環(huán)工藝控制方案設(shè)計(jì);運(yùn)用CFD方法模擬三種送風(fēng)口結(jié)構(gòu)下新風(fēng)機(jī)送風(fēng)倉體內(nèi)部穩(wěn)態(tài)流場(chǎng),計(jì)算倉體壁面聲壓分布,選擇氣動(dòng)噪聲最小的出口結(jié)構(gòu);完成螺旋狀送風(fēng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)新風(fēng)機(jī)送風(fēng)倉體離散噪聲計(jì)算,從而選擇合適的隔音降噪措施。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)該住宅建筑內(nèi)新風(fēng)量越大室內(nèi)平均空氣齡越小、污染物濃度越低、空氣品質(zhì)越好,人員感覺越舒適;房間內(nèi)人員周圍區(qū)域的二氧化碳濃度大于客廳人員周圍區(qū)域的濃度值,沿著空氣流動(dòng)的方向空氣齡逐漸增大,新風(fēng)機(jī)所在的客廳和餐廳區(qū)域比遠(yuǎn)離新風(fēng)機(jī)的各房間區(qū)域的空氣質(zhì)量更優(yōu),在空氣流通狀況良好的客廳和走廊,上端空氣齡普遍比下端小。得出新風(fēng)機(jī)的安裝位置、新風(fēng)量的大小、送風(fēng)的方向成為影響室內(nèi)流場(chǎng)分布的主要因素;(2)確定新風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)循環(huán)回閥門的安裝位置設(shè)置在循環(huán)箱體低端上方160mm處最合理,當(dāng)該距離為160mm時(shí),風(fēng)量為82.32m3/h,空氣均是由排風(fēng)通道穿過回風(fēng)閥進(jìn)入新風(fēng)通道,氣流均勻;閥門按如下順序設(shè)置回風(fēng)量逐漸增加:排風(fēng)閥全開回風(fēng)閥1/3、排風(fēng)閥半開回風(fēng)閥2/3、排風(fēng)閥全開回風(fēng)閥全開、排風(fēng)閥半開回風(fēng)閥1/3、排風(fēng)閥全開回風(fēng)閥2/3、排風(fēng)閥半開回風(fēng)閥全開,當(dāng)排風(fēng)閥半開回風(fēng)閥全開時(shí),回風(fēng)量最大,為82.33m3/h,排風(fēng)閥全開回風(fēng)閥開度為1/3時(shí)回風(fēng)量最小,為32.93 m3/h;回風(fēng)閥開度的變化對(duì)回風(fēng)量的影響比排風(fēng)閥開度的設(shè)置對(duì)回風(fēng)量的影響更大;隨著送風(fēng)量的增加回風(fēng)閥回風(fēng)量呈線性增大趨勢(shì);綜合室內(nèi)污染物濃度、室內(nèi)外溫差確定住宅新風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)循環(huán)工藝的控制流程;(3)通過實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)出最大送風(fēng)量可達(dá)180m3/h,排風(fēng)量最大為120m3/h,與模擬值誤差為10.51m3/h;排風(fēng)閥開度的變化對(duì)回風(fēng)量的影響是非常小的,回風(fēng)閥自身開度變化對(duì)回風(fēng)量的影響更直接明顯;測(cè)試不同送風(fēng)量作用下回風(fēng)閥的回風(fēng)量,回風(fēng)量的實(shí)驗(yàn)值與模擬值的誤差為10.89m3/h;誤差是由模型、制作工藝、實(shí)驗(yàn)造成,根據(jù)誤差產(chǎn)生的原因,為新風(fēng)機(jī)的生產(chǎn)制造提供改進(jìn)方案;依據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)具有內(nèi)循環(huán)工藝的住宅新風(fēng)機(jī)的節(jié)能性進(jìn)行定性分析,結(jié)果表明具有內(nèi)循環(huán)工藝的住宅新風(fēng)機(jī)更節(jié)能;(4)圓形螺旋狀出口最大聲壓值以及出口平均聲壓均比圓形格柵和矩形格柵結(jié)構(gòu)小,其中螺旋出口最大聲壓值為10.19dB,比圓形格柵結(jié)構(gòu)值小52%,出口平均聲壓為4.46dB,比矩形格柵結(jié)構(gòu)平均聲壓值小66.7%,風(fēng)機(jī)表面最大聲壓也略小于其他結(jié)構(gòu),圓形螺旋狀出口為最優(yōu)送風(fēng)結(jié)構(gòu);新風(fēng)機(jī)倉體壁面各監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)聲壓級(jí)最大峰值均出現(xiàn)在在0到250Hz范圍內(nèi),在250Hz之后,隨著頻率的增加聲壓級(jí)均呈減小趨勢(shì),新風(fēng)機(jī)出風(fēng)倉體上端監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)聲壓值普遍低于下端;基頻驗(yàn)證表明模擬值與理論計(jì)算結(jié)果一致,說明模擬結(jié)果有效。
[Abstract]:With the quickening of urbanization process and rapid economic development in China, the outdoor air quality shows a downward trend obviously. In particular season, haze has become a very common phenomenon, which seriously threatens people's health. The condition of outdoor air pollution continues to aggravate, and the internal air condition of building building is not optimistic, and the traditional natural ventilation is not good. It is unable to meet the requirements of high quality living environment. Thus, the residential new wind machine gradually enters people's field of vision. It can not only dilute the concentration of indoor pollutants, but also increase the oxygen content in the room and reduce the occurrence of "sick building syndrome". Based on the two principles of health and energy conservation, this paper aims at a new residential fan in a R & D stage. The new wind treatment scheme is optimized by the combination of numerical simulation and experimental test. In this paper, the flow field, air age, carbon dioxide concentration and PMV-PPD distribution of a typical residential building under the effect of four air supply variables, 60m3/h, 120m3/h, 180m3/h and 240m3/h, are used in this paper. A new internal circulation structure of double valve controlled new fan is designed, the installation position of the valve is determined by the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and the influence of the valve opening and air supply volume on the return air is simulated. The new fan test bench is built to test the air volume of the air blower, the relationship between the air volume and the power supply voltage of the exhaust fan, and the different valves are tested. Degree, the return air of the return air valve under the effect of different air supply, complete the design of the internal circulation process control scheme of the new fan, simulate the internal steady flow field of the three kinds of air vent structure under the structure of the three kinds of air vent, calculate the pressure distribution of the wall surface, select the smallest aerodynamic noise outlet structure, and complete the spiral air supply structure. The results show that: (1) the greater the new air volume in the residential building, the smaller the average air age, the lower the pollutant concentration, the better the air quality, the more comfortable the people, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the surrounding area of the room is greater than that around the living room area. The concentration value of the field increases gradually along the direction of air flow, and the air quality of the living room and dining room in the new wind machine is better than that of the room far away from the new wind machine. In the living room and corridor with good air circulation, the upper air age is generally smaller than the lower end. The installation position of the new wind machine, the size of the fresh air and the air supply are obtained. The direction is the main factor affecting the distribution of the indoor flow field; (2) it is determined that the installation position of the inner circulation valve in the new fan is most reasonable at 160mm above the low end of the circulating box. When the distance is 160mm, the air volume is 82.32m3/h, the air is all through the exhaust valve through the return valve into the new air passage and the air flow is uniform; the valve is set in the following order. Return air volume gradually increase: exhaust valve full open return valve 1/3, exhaust valve half open air return valve 2/3, exhaust valve full open return valve full open, exhaust valve half open air valve 1/3, exhaust valve full open return valve 2/3, exhaust valve half open air valve full open, when the exhaust valve half open air valve full open, the air return maximum, 82.33m3/h, exhaust valve open return valve open 1 open air valve opening degree is 1. Exhaust valve opening return valve opening degree of full return valve opening is 1 The return air of /3 is 32.93 m3/h, and the influence of the change of the return air valve opening on the return air is greater than that of the opening of the exhaust valve; with the increase of air supply, the return air of the return valve is linearly increasing, and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference determines the control flow of the internal circulation process of the residential new fan; (3) The maximum air supply is 180m3/h, the maximum exhaust air volume is 120m3/h and the simulation value is 10.51m3/h. The influence of the change of the opening of the exhaust valve on the return air is very small, and the influence of the change of the return valve's self opening on the return air is more direct and obvious; the test of the return air volume and the return air volume of the return valve under the action of different air supply is tested. The error of the value and the simulated value is 10.89m3/h, and the error is caused by the model, the manufacturing process and the experiment. According to the cause of the error, the improvement scheme is provided for the production and manufacture of the new fan. According to the experimental results, the energy saving of the residential new fan with internal circulation process is qualitatively analyzed. The result shows that the new fan with internal circulation process is found. More energy saving, (4) the maximum sound pressure and the average outlet sound pressure of the circular spiral outlet are smaller than the circular grille and the rectangular grid structure. The maximum sound pressure of the spiral outlet is 10.19dB, 52% less than the circular grid structure, and the average acoustic pressure of the outlet is 4.46dB, which is 66.7% smaller than that of the rectangular grid structure, and the maximum sound pressure on the fan surface is also slightly smaller. In other structures, the circular spiral outlet is the best air supply structure, the maximum acoustic pressure level of each monitoring point in the new fan silo appears in the range of 0 to 250Hz. After 250Hz, the sound pressure level decreases with the increase of frequency, and the sound pressure value of the upper end monitoring point of the new fan outlet is generally lower than that of the lower end; the basic frequency verification shows that the simulation is simulated. The calculated values agree well with the theoretical results, indicating that the simulation results are effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU831
本文編號(hào)：2150953
[Abstract]:With the quickening of urbanization process and rapid economic development in China, the outdoor air quality shows a downward trend obviously. In particular season, haze has become a very common phenomenon, which seriously threatens people's health. The condition of outdoor air pollution continues to aggravate, and the internal air condition of building building is not optimistic, and the traditional natural ventilation is not good. It is unable to meet the requirements of high quality living environment. Thus, the residential new wind machine gradually enters people's field of vision. It can not only dilute the concentration of indoor pollutants, but also increase the oxygen content in the room and reduce the occurrence of "sick building syndrome". Based on the two principles of health and energy conservation, this paper aims at a new residential fan in a R & D stage. The new wind treatment scheme is optimized by the combination of numerical simulation and experimental test. In this paper, the flow field, air age, carbon dioxide concentration and PMV-PPD distribution of a typical residential building under the effect of four air supply variables, 60m3/h, 120m3/h, 180m3/h and 240m3/h, are used in this paper. A new internal circulation structure of double valve controlled new fan is designed, the installation position of the valve is determined by the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and the influence of the valve opening and air supply volume on the return air is simulated. The new fan test bench is built to test the air volume of the air blower, the relationship between the air volume and the power supply voltage of the exhaust fan, and the different valves are tested. Degree, the return air of the return air valve under the effect of different air supply, complete the design of the internal circulation process control scheme of the new fan, simulate the internal steady flow field of the three kinds of air vent structure under the structure of the three kinds of air vent, calculate the pressure distribution of the wall surface, select the smallest aerodynamic noise outlet structure, and complete the spiral air supply structure. The results show that: (1) the greater the new air volume in the residential building, the smaller the average air age, the lower the pollutant concentration, the better the air quality, the more comfortable the people, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the surrounding area of the room is greater than that around the living room area. The concentration value of the field increases gradually along the direction of air flow, and the air quality of the living room and dining room in the new wind machine is better than that of the room far away from the new wind machine. In the living room and corridor with good air circulation, the upper air age is generally smaller than the lower end. The installation position of the new wind machine, the size of the fresh air and the air supply are obtained. The direction is the main factor affecting the distribution of the indoor flow field; (2) it is determined that the installation position of the inner circulation valve in the new fan is most reasonable at 160mm above the low end of the circulating box. When the distance is 160mm, the air volume is 82.32m3/h, the air is all through the exhaust valve through the return valve into the new air passage and the air flow is uniform; the valve is set in the following order. Return air volume gradually increase: exhaust valve full open return valve 1/3, exhaust valve half open air return valve 2/3, exhaust valve full open return valve full open, exhaust valve half open air valve 1/3, exhaust valve full open return valve 2/3, exhaust valve half open air valve full open, when the exhaust valve half open air valve full open, the air return maximum, 82.33m3/h, exhaust valve open return valve open 1 open air valve opening degree is 1. Exhaust valve opening return valve opening degree of full return valve opening is 1 The return air of /3 is 32.93 m3/h, and the influence of the change of the return air valve opening on the return air is greater than that of the opening of the exhaust valve; with the increase of air supply, the return air of the return valve is linearly increasing, and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference determines the control flow of the internal circulation process of the residential new fan; (3) The maximum air supply is 180m3/h, the maximum exhaust air volume is 120m3/h and the simulation value is 10.51m3/h. The influence of the change of the opening of the exhaust valve on the return air is very small, and the influence of the change of the return valve's self opening on the return air is more direct and obvious; the test of the return air volume and the return air volume of the return valve under the action of different air supply is tested. The error of the value and the simulated value is 10.89m3/h, and the error is caused by the model, the manufacturing process and the experiment. According to the cause of the error, the improvement scheme is provided for the production and manufacture of the new fan. According to the experimental results, the energy saving of the residential new fan with internal circulation process is qualitatively analyzed. The result shows that the new fan with internal circulation process is found. More energy saving, (4) the maximum sound pressure and the average outlet sound pressure of the circular spiral outlet are smaller than the circular grille and the rectangular grid structure. The maximum sound pressure of the spiral outlet is 10.19dB, 52% less than the circular grid structure, and the average acoustic pressure of the outlet is 4.46dB, which is 66.7% smaller than that of the rectangular grid structure, and the maximum sound pressure on the fan surface is also slightly smaller. In other structures, the circular spiral outlet is the best air supply structure, the maximum acoustic pressure level of each monitoring point in the new fan silo appears in the range of 0 to 250Hz. After 250Hz, the sound pressure level decreases with the increase of frequency, and the sound pressure value of the upper end monitoring point of the new fan outlet is generally lower than that of the lower end; the basic frequency verification shows that the simulation is simulated. The calculated values agree well with the theoretical results, indicating that the simulation results are effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU831
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